The following article comes from environmental design research, written by the Ministry of Public Health of England.

Environmental design research

Urban design research exchange platform based on [408 Research Group]

author

English Ministry of Public Health

Andre Pinto； Jacy McGaw-Césaire；

Carl Petrokofsky,； Paul Pilkington

University of the West of England

Emma Bird； Janet lge； Jilla Burgess-Allen

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Meng dancheng and tan yuxing, master students of Tongji university, 408 research group

According to the literature review of the impact of built environment on health, this report draws a series of practical charts to explore the relationship between built environment and natural environment and health results. Based on the literature review of the University of the West of England, this report was summarized by the British Ministry of Public Health in 2017.

http:/eprints.uwe.ac.uk/31390/

brief introduction

Built and natural environment are the key environmental determinants of health and happiness. In this report, "built and natural environment" refers to the physical environment where people live, work and play, including: schools, workplaces, families, communities, parks/entertainment areas, green spaces (i.e. visible grasslands, trees and other vegetation) and waters.

The relationship between health and man-made and natural environment has long been established, and the role of environment in shaping the social, economic and environmental environment that determines health is increasingly recognized and understood. More and more studies show that the environment in which we live is inextricably linked with our health all our lives. For example, the design of our community can affect the level of physical activity, travel mode, social contact, physical and mental health and happiness results. However, it must be recognized that the causal relationship between built environment and health is often complicated, because they are influenced by many factors and sometimes contradictory.

Health map-based on Barton, H. and Grant, M. (2006).

Content summary

This assessment mainly focuses on five aspects of the built and natural environment:

These five aspects of completion and natural environment are considered to be the main aspects affected by local planning policies. These aspects can be designed and shaped by planners to promote health.

I. Neighborhood Design

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Principles of building a healthy neighborhood

Click to enlarge for details.

1. Strengthen the walkability of the neighborhood:

Characteristics of pedestrian-friendly blocks: good street connectivity, mixed land use and compact residential design.

There is evidence that walkable communities can encourage travel and promote physical activity.

Improving recreational and non-recreational destinations (such as grocery stores, schools and other facilities) can also have a positive impact on the social interaction of the elderly.

The improvement of infrastructure can encourage all ages to travel and increase the level of physical activity.

2. Build a complete and compact community:

In communities with higher street connectivity, the grid pattern design is more detailed, which is conducive to mixed land use, improved residential density and non-motorized transportation.

Improving facilities can improve the mobility and social participation of the elderly. Giving priority to the development of schools, recreation centers and social facilities can increase the sports activities of children, teenagers and the elderly.

3. Strengthen interconnection with safe and efficient infrastructure:

Providing infrastructure for walking and cycling and improving public transport can enhance the connectivity of streets.

Improvements in the public sphere. The improvement of the overall environment may reduce the fear of crime. If street lighting is provided in residential areas, traffic accidents will be reduced and pedestrian activities will be increased.

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case

Case 1: Vibrant Street Pedestrians

The "Vibrant Street Pedestrian" project (2008-2012) aims to improve specific walking routes and promote walking in 12 regions of 5 regions in England. The level of community sports activities in these areas is low and the obesity rate is high. Taking Bolton as an example, with the help of local schools, on the way from two residential areas to towns and schools, the project team upgraded the road signs and artistic design to improve the walking route.

Community participation is advocated in the work of living streets; Experience shows that contact with local residents is the best way to understand the problems they live in.

Case 2: Pedestrian block

Lack of exercise is associated with diabetes, heart disease and some cancers. Participants in this study came from 14 cities in 10 countries and surrounding areas.

The communities sampled in this study are different in socio-economic status and walkability. This study uses Geographic Information System (GIS) to measure the density of residents, street connections, public transport stations, the number of parks, mixed land and the nearest public transport points. Researchers wear a small electronic device called an accelerometer around their waist for a week to record every minute of exercise.

The overall survey results of all 14 cities are as follows:

Characteristics of activity-friendly community: residential density, number of public transport parking spots, number of street connections, etc.

Adults living in the most active and friendly communities exercise 48 to 89 minutes more every week than those living in the least active and friendly communities.

These beneficial characteristics are related to sports activities independently. The relationship with physical activity is also linear; For example, the higher the level of residential density. The higher the level of physical activity.

In different cities, the relationship between community characteristics and residents’ sports activities is usually similar.

There is no significant relationship between mixed land use and the nearest public transportation point and the level of physical activity.

Impact on public health and planning professionals:

Similar findings in different cities and different socio-economic groups show that changing the built environment is a solution that can be used to improve international health.

This study strengthens the previous call to prevent major chronic diseases by changing policies in urban planning, public transportation, developing parks and recreational facilities, and increasing sports activities.

In order to keep healthy, adults are advised to do 150 minutes of physical activity every week, and living in an activity-friendly community can provide 32-59% of it.

Because the relationship between activity-friendly community characteristics and sports activities is linear, it means that no matter whether the starting point of urban residents is high or low, the improvement of the built environment is expected to increase sports activities.

The great difference in sports activities between participants living in the most suitable community and those living in the least suitable community provides a strong reason for public health institutions to cooperate with other institutions to create a healthier city, especially urban planning, parks and entertainment, and transportation departments.

Making cities more conducive to activities may be an important part of solving the global problems of death and disease.

A comprehensive method is needed to add as many walking functions as possible to design an activity-friendly community.

Second, the residential design

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Principles of building healthy housing

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1. Improve the quality of housing

There is evidence that living in a warm and energy-saving property can improve general health outcomes, reduce breathing conditions, improve mental health and reduce mortality. Renovation to improve housing temperature and energy efficiency may help reduce health inequality among low-income groups, especially the elderly and those with chronic acquired diseases.

High-quality housing can also reduce the risk of accidental injury or death. For example, interventions to improve residential lighting and reduce indoor hazards can improve social outcomes. Reduce the injuries caused by falls of the elderly.

There is evidence that house renovation, including moistureproof, re-roofing and installation of new windows, is related to the improvement of overall health outcomes.

The impact of fuel poverty on health is beyond the scope of research. However, in a report, fuel shortage has been proved to be related to excessive death in winter, increased prevalence of chronic diseases and poor mental health.

However, this review has not found any reliable evidence related to sunlight, ventilation and health results, that is, there is a link between poor indoor air quality and diseases.

2. Increase the supply of affordable housing and diversified housing:

Providing various forms and types of housing is related to increasing physical activity.

The attached conditions of mixed land use and affordable housing are closely related to improving the safety perception nearby. Especially individuals from low-income groups. However, the impact of this housing supply on improving health outcomes and reducing health inequalities is unclear.

3. Increase the provision of affordable housing for groups with specific needs:

Providing housing for vulnerable groups, including adults with mental retardation and adult drug users, may improve social, behavioral and health-related outcomes.

Provide safe and affordable housing for those with chronic diseases, such as AIDS; This can increase participation in health care services.

In addition, the provision of affordable housing and affordable housing has also been proved to reduce participation in risky health-related behaviors.

Providing affordable housing for the homeless can increase participation in medical services, improve the quality of life and increase employment. It has also been proved to help improve mental health.

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case

Case 1: improving housing and childhood asthma

One in 11 children in Britain suffers from asthma, which is the most common long-term disease in childhood. The NHS spends about 1 billion pounds a year on treating and caring for asthma patients. The Kalisma project aims to improve the living conditions of children with moderate and severe asthma in Rexham and improve their asthma health and quality of life. The study evaluating the project investigated the effect and cost-effectiveness of strengthening indoor ventilation in the homes of 177 children with "moderate" or "severe" asthma in Rexham.

Housing officials of the local government visited each child’s house, and they assessed the areas that needed improvement. The ventilation system is installed in the roof space of the house. The central heating system is improved to reach a certain standard; If the new system does not exist, install the new system. These improvements are free for these families.

After tailor-made ventilation and heating transformation, the proportion of children in the intervention group who changed from "severe" asthma to "moderate" asthma was 17%, while that in the control group was 3%, with an average cost of 1,718 pounds per child. However, the plan has no obvious impact on the cost of medical services. At each point, the specific scale of asthma improvement is 234 pounds, and this measure is considered to be a cost-effective resource use. The analysis shows that there are differences in cost-effectiveness between children with severe asthma and children with mild asthma. Therefore, improving the housing situation of children with "severe" asthma is even more convincing than improving the housing situation of children with "moderate" asthma.

Iii. Food environment

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Principles of building a healthy food environment

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1. Provide healthy and affordable food for the general public:

Provide more healthy and affordable food for the general population. It also shows that improving eating behavior, such as increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables, is related to increasing the access to healthy and affordable vegetables.

The increase of access to unhealthy food retail stores is related to the increase of the weight of the general population, the obesity of children living in low-income areas and the increase of unhealthy eating behavior.

Increasing retail channels to sell healthier food is related to improving eating behavior and adult weight.

2. Strengthen community food infrastructure:

There is a positive relationship between urban agriculture and the improvement of people’s attitude towards healthier food, the increase of sports activities and social contact opportunities, and the increase of fruit and vegetable consumption.

The impact of providing and obtaining allocation funds and adequate garden space on health is beyond the scope of this all-inclusive review. However, the findings of a recent non-systematic literature review show that gardening may have a lot of positive physical and mental health-related effects and results in the distribution environment in Britain.

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case

Case 1: Garden of Life

The Women’s Environmental Network (WEN) was entrusted by the Ministry of Public Health in Lai Ci, Tauerham, London, to help build 15 community gardens in this area. This 15-month project (April 2014 to July 2015) aims to help improve residents’ well-being by providing more healthy food, and to create community cohesion through joint efforts and develop planting space with the support of Wen’s community garden coordinator.

Fifteen community gardens were successfully established by using two gardening coordinators, who employed 4,485 residents of Tower Hamlets. 178 residents actively participated in gardening activities, mainly growing food, and were supported by training courses, which covered practical and theoretical topics such as base planning, garden design, organic food planting, healthy eating and cooking, and tailored each workshop according to the needs of the group.

The "Garden of Life" project shows that more than half (59%) of the participants (12.5%) have improved their happiness. "Life Garden" provides people with new opportunities to meet their neighbors and build a sense of community around the garden itself. The project has successfully promoted these five ways of happiness; By learning new skills, sharing their achievements with friends and family, and increasing their sports activities, including contact, activity, concern, continuous learning and giving. The project provides local food and encourages healthy eating. Personal feedback highlights a lot of community interests and how gardens help build social capital.

IV. Natural and sustainable environment

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Guidelines for natural and sustainable environment

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1. Reduce exposure to environmental hazards

Living in areas with fresh air will have a positive impact on people’s health behavior. The improvement of air quality is related to the increase of physical activities of the elderly.

Exposure to air pollutants has obvious adverse effects on the health of all people. Poor air quality will increase the risk of heart disease and develop into a chronic disease. Such as neonatal complications, cancer, worsening respiratory outcome and child mortality, and so on. It is worth noting that there is consistent evidence that exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) will have adverse effects on health.

Exposure to excessive noise is associated with poor mental health outcomes, especially among the elderly and children. It is also related to the higher anxiety level of adults.

Floods will affect people’s physical and mental health, including increased risk of mental illness and chronic diseases.

In case of flood/disaster, the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning and mental health problems increases.

2. Contact and participation in the natural environment:

Contact and participation in the natural environment are related to many positive health outcomes, including improving physical and mental health. Reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, death and other chronic diseases.

There is consistent evidence that there are recreational facilities. For example, parks and playgrounds can reduce the risk of obesity among teenagers and increase physical activities. Living near green spaces, such as parks and other open spaces, can improve health.

The improvement of aesthetic parks can increase the visits of children and the elderly and improve physical activities. There is also evidence that improving the appearance of parks can increase the use of children and the elderly and increase physical activity.

Taking part in sports activities in natural environment can improve mental health results more than taking part in sports activities in indoor environment.

3. Adaptation to climate change:

Evidence shows that greening (planting trees) has a cooling effect on the environment, and urban parks are about 1 degree Celsius lower than non-green sites. Empirical research shows that the implementation of green infrastructure may have the ability to reduce the urban heat island effect.

The effects of high temperature and severe cold on health are beyond the scope of this review. However, the UK Climate Change Risk Assessment (CCR, 2017) lists the health risks of extreme temperatures unique to the UK, and these extreme temperatures are likely to increase due to climate change. Extreme heat and cold are associated with potentially fatal diseases, such as heatstroke or hypothermia, and increased death from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The rising temperature indicates that there will be more heat waves in Britain. However, due to the aging population, extra deaths caused by cold weather will still be challenging.

Additional findings show that stagnant weather can reduce air quality and have a negative impact on health by trapping warm air and cold air, leading to smog.

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case

Case 1: Would you prefer living in a green urban area?

This study uses large national representative data from the longitudinal survey of British households. The survey contacted the same people at regular intervals (up to 18 consecutive times) and asked them a series of questions every time, including their current work, marital status, address, income and happiness.

The focus of the analysis is those who have moved between different cities in England for 18 years (or less). What researchers want to know is whether they are "happy" (with greater life satisfaction and fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression). In the same period, understand how many green spaces they live in urban areas, the income changes after the changes in their lives, and their marital status.

Even considering other changes in personal life (such as income, employment and marital status), people have higher life satisfaction and fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression when they live in urban areas with better greening. For individuals who migrate from low to high green urban areas, this growth is immediate and lasts for at least three years (the longest post-migration time we can explore). For those who move from high green areas to low green areas, this pattern is not so clear, probably because their motives for moving are more diverse (for example, to get a better job).

Case 2: Mortality of Urban Heat Island Effect during West Midlands Heat Wave

Average temperature model of West Midlands from August 1 to 10, 2003.

W = wolverhampton wanderers, B= Birmingham, C= Coventry.

The researchers established a regional climate model with a resolution of 1 km, covering most areas of the West Midlands. The model includes the urban surface and buildings in the West Midlands, so it can visualize the spatial distribution of temperature in the whole area and quantify the UHI intensity. By deleting the regional model of urban surface and comparing two maps with different temperatures, we can estimate the local temperature of urban surface, and then use the relationship between temperature and mortality to estimate the impact of mortality caused by high temperature on heat island and estimate the increase of temperature caused by climate change.

Health impact assessment is applicable to the whole modeling area, and includes the whole population (about 5 million people) in the area. In the heat wave in 2003, people in the most developed areas were most likely to be affected by heat, and they were most vulnerable to UHI. Older African National Congress (anc) people who have diseases are the most vulnerable to the threat of high temperature. Some housing types (such as loft apartments) will also increase this risk.

Impact on public health and planning professionals: The high-resolution spatial modeling demonstrated here can help highlight the spatial vulnerability of built-up areas. Health impact assessment using rough climate models to assess future temperature impacts may underestimate the mortality associated with high temperatures. In this case, if the urban impact is not included, the health impact assessment will only capture 50% of the mortality rate, and UHI is included. Planners should consider the extra warming caused by UHI effect. And the potential impact on health when planning future infrastructure. Measures such as green space, green roof, blue space or high albedo surface should be considered to reduce these health effects, and the same model is being used for research.

V. Transportation

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Principles of healthy traffic

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1. Provide active tourism infrastructure:

Investing in infrastructure to support walking can increase the level of physical activity and improve the mobility of children. Adults and the elderly. By investing in bicycle infrastructure, giving priority to active travel can bring a lot of health benefits. For example, the implementation of new bicycle lanes can improve the cardiovascular status and weight status of children, adults and the elderly.

2. Provision of public transportation:

Evidence shows that combining public transport with other forms of activities such as walking and cycling can improve cardiovascular health. Providing high-quality public transportation for children is related to high-level activities.

Active travel in low pollution areas is related to the increase of physical activity of the elderly. The perception of air pollution seems to constitute an obstacle to participating in outdoor sports activities and active traffic activities.

3. Give priority to active travel and road safety:

Giving priority to pedestrians and cyclists by changing infrastructure is related to positive behavior and health outcomes. For example, separating bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure from road traffic can encourage people to travel actively.

Traffic calming measures, including deceleration and speed limit meter.

Improvements in public areas, such as street lighting, have been proved to increase the participation of other adults in sports activities and reduce the incidence of road traffic collisions.

4. Mobility for all ages and activities:

The architectural environment strategy to promote sports activities can have a positive impact on participating in sports activities.

The positive relationship between active school or work travel and improving cardiovascular outcomes.

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case

Case 1: Improve the connectivity of local walking and cycling routes.

Connect2 is a major new project to promote walking and cycling by improving local walking and cycling routes in 79 locations in the UK. The travel physical activity and carbon emission impact of Connect2 project are mainly evaluated by three case study projects in Cardiff, Kenilworth and Southampton, and residents within 5km.

Each Connect2 base includes a key project to overcome physical obstacles (a bridge in Cardiff Bay, a bridge in Kenilworth’s two lanes, and a boardwalk along the river in Southampton), plus the improvement of the signed roads and feeder roads, leading to key projects. The projects are tailor-made for individual locations, but they all reflect the desire to create new routes for "every day". Travel by foot or bike to schools, shops, parks and villages.

Living near the new route can’t predict the change of activity level after one year. But with those who live far away (walking and cycling for 15.3 minutes more every week, each kilometer is closer; The extra time for total strength activities per week is 12.5 minutes). The new route may replace walking or cycling in the short term, but it will produce new trips in the long term, especially for those who can’t travel to distant destinations by car. These findings support the potential of walking and cycling infrastructure to promote sports activities.

Case 2: Cambridge University Taxi

Improving transportation infrastructure and supporting walking and cycling on the way to and from work may help promote physical activity and improve the health of the population. The commuting and health research of Cambridge University aims to assess whether the investment in new high-quality transportation infrastructure is related to the increase of active commuting; The broader impact of tourism behavior changes on health; Determinants of active commuting land absorption; And how the changes in travel behavior are distributed among the population and related to the broader social background. These goals are achieved through an experimental cohort study, which studies commuters who live within 30 kilometers from Cambridge and work in Cambridge, and combines interesting and supplementary in-depth quantitative and qualitative research.

Guided bus lanes in Cambridgeshire were opened in 2011, including a new bus network, 22km long guided lanes (dedicated bus tracks) and a free road for pedestrians and cyclists.

Commuting practice is complicated and is influenced by various changeable social and environmental factors. Walking and cycling are often included in the long commuting distance, mainly by car or public transport. In the three-year follow-up survey, living closer to the bus line is more likely to greatly increase the proportion of commuting trips involving any active travel, greatly reduce the proportion of completely driving trips, and increase the weekly commuting time. There is a mixed effect model at the individual level, and intervention provides a more positive commuting environment for some people, but not for others. There is evidence that this effect is most obvious among those who report that they do not commute actively at baseline, and the observation results show that there is a link between active commuting, greater overall physical activity, improved health and weight status. These findings provide new empirical support and direction for reconfiguring transportation system to improve population health and reduce health inequality.

conclusion

This review summarizes the evidence of the relationship between built and natural environment and health. The five key aspects of built and natural environment are neighborhood design, housing, healthy food, natural and sustainable environment and transportation. In this paper, all fields of built and natural environment are studied, and the evidence shows that there is an inseparable relationship between built and natural environment and health.

The environment in which people live has a far-reaching impact on health and happiness. In addition to the direct health benefits. The completion and improvement of the natural environment will affect people’s attitude, behavior and perception of the environment. For example, reducing air pollution can improve people’s safety awareness and promote outdoor sports activities and social interaction. That is, to solve the main obstacles to a healthy life and improve the environment that produces unhealthy behaviors. It is essential to establish communication between environmental and health professionals. By incorporating health needs and impacts into the concept, design and planning of infrastructure projects, decision makers, planners and building professionals can promote the development of sustainable communities.

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Original title: 408 Research Group | Health England: Five Elements of Health-oriented Spatial Planning

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed that it is necessary to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　The general secretary’s important exposition on "double innovation" further broadens the development horizon for folk literature and art, promotes the cultural height and carries out the literary mission, which makes folk literature and art eliminate the gap between professional research and practical practice, breaks the dilemma of protection and development, breaks through the bottleneck of traditional folk literature and art empowering contemporary life, and makes it glow with new vitality and vitality in the new era and new life.

　　The inheritors of Miao Xiu, Guizhou Province taught the villagers skills.

The pictures in this article are all taken by Li Yun except the signature.

　　From rescue and protection to inheritance and communication

　　China civil writers and artists associationFrom the beginning of its establishment, the fundamental task was established as "collecting all the folk literature and art materials in our country now and in the past extensively, and sorting them out and studying them with scientific viewpoints and methods". In 1950s, a nationwide movement of collecting and creating folk songs was launched. By the 1980s, we adhered to the academic standpoint of national folk culture and art, and started the investigation and compilation of China Folk Stories, China Ballads and China Proverbs. In the 21st century, faced with the impact of the rapid economic development, under the leadership of President Feng Jicai, China Folk Writers and Artists Association organized and implemented the "China Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project" in 2001, and conducted a comprehensive and in-depth survey, filing, publication and research on a series of folk cultural and artistic events and carriers such as woodblock New Year pictures, folk paper-cutting, Tangka culture and traditional villages.

　　In the new era, the inheritance, dissemination and development of Chinese excellent traditional culture has become the core task. We carried out the general secretary’s instructions on inheriting Chinese excellent traditional culture and promoting "creative transformation and innovative development", initiated the project of inheriting and developing Chinese excellent traditional culture, led by the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and implemented the "Publishing Project of Chinese Folk Literature Department" and "Inheritance and Communication Project of China Folk Craft" by the China Folk Writers Association, systematically collected and disseminated the cultural creations of the people throughout the ages, and made a record for the folk oral literature and craft experience. Among them, the Series of Chinese Folk Literature selects and publishes the original literature of Chinese folk literature on the basis of comprehensively collecting and sorting out the texts of Chinese folk literature and integrating the theoretical system of folk literature, so as to preserve precious cultural memories for the Chinese nation and retain the series of folk literature shared from generation to generation. China Folk Arts and Crafts Integration systematically collects and sorts out folk arts and crafts that have been lost for a long time, filling the gap in the compilation of folk literature and art integration in China. This is to promote the inheritance and transformation of folk crafts from the strategic level of national cultural development, thus playing an active role in cultural inheritance, craft development and rural revitalization.

　　From rescue and protection to inheritance and dissemination, we should also maintain and stimulate the unremitting pursuit and creative vitality of the beauty of life among the people with solid folk literature and art practice, so that folk literature and art can have tradition, life, grounding and re-development.

　　The inheritor of Tieguanyin production skill is showing the "shaking green" craft.

　　From study study to empowerment era

　　For decades, China Folk Writers’ Association has been adhering to the tradition of academic establishment, taking rigorous academic research as the support and guarantee for the protection, inheritance and creative development of folk literature and art, uniting experts and folk writers to carry out theoretical research and field research, establishing academic journals and conducting discussion and exchange, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the practical development of folk literature and art, and providing academic support. The research and arrangement of folk literature and art pays special attention to field work, emphasizing the scientificity and comprehensiveness of the collection and research of folk literature and art, including the principle of "faithful record", "paying attention to preserving vivid folk language" and "combining collection and research", etc., and integrating the research experience, research methods and concepts of national folk literature and art into work practice. In the 21st century, during the implementation of "China Folk Cultural Heritage Rescue Project", the academic method system of field work has been further improved.

　　In the new era, the research and arrangement of folk literature and art is further extended to practical application, making the achievements of theoretical research not only the method support for protecting practice, but also the core driving force for production development and life construction.

　　At present, Weibo, WeChat, short videos and webcasts have become the main platforms for the public, especially young people, to accept culture. On these emerging platforms, the stereotype of folk literature is being changed. Folk literature, such as folk stories, ballads, epics, proverbs, myths and legends, which have been passed down from mouth to mouth for thousands of years, has been activated through micro-movies, short videos, online literature, mobile games, cultural and creative designs and other forms, and has become an important carrier to express the new era and tell a new life.

　　Similarly, the study of folk arts and crafts further empowers the design of "national style", explains and explores the characteristics of folk arts and crafts in visual form, craft experience and style, so as to further transform them into the form language and style charm of national style design and become the cultural expression of fashion brand and life trend. Many folk craft resources with logo significance can drive one industrial belt or form a cross-border alliance of brands after being fully excavated, sorted out, researched and explained, and become a veritable "cultural IP".

　　The study of folk literature and art has gone from study to field and from text to practice. While devoting itself to constructing the academic system, discipline system and discourse system of China folk literature and art,Make the things, principles and beauty of folk art become the life content, industrial kinetic energy and cultural power of today.Realize creative transformation, take root and grow in the soil of life, blossom and bear fruit.

　　Pan Lusheng (second from right) and his colleagues are doing a field survey in Huangshan City. Photo courtesy of China ADPL

　　From Professional Guardianship to Social Participation

　　The development of folk literature and art can not be separated from the development of people. In the past few decades, through the experience inheritance of "mentoring" in professional fields and the training of professional colleges, the talent construction has achieved positive results. Since the 21st century, with the systematic construction of national intangible cultural heritage protection mechanism and the cultivation and support of inheritors, the construction of talent team related to folk literature and art has further developed.

　　In the new era, the cause of folk literature and art has been comprehensively promoted and expanded from guardian training to innovative development. The vitality of folk literature and art lies not only in the long historical tradition and profound cultural accumulation, but also in the new life, new culture and new people. The development of folk literature and art needs not only the inheritance and continuous development of professional talents and professional teams, but also the conscious confidence and concern of the broadest social groups. The inheritance of folk literature and art not only needs the efforts of professional workers, but also needs the joint help of the "Z generation" and the vast number of youth groups in the network era. Therefore, combining the inheritance and improvement of folk literature and art to make the aesthetic tradition and cultural spirit of folk literature and art continue to inherit and develop is the mission entrusted to folk literature and art workers by the times. 、

　　In recent years, in order to effectively strengthen cultural heritage, continue to write life epics, and continue to spread the ingenious context, the China Association for Democracy and People’s Livelihood has held various forms of "inheritor training courses" all over the country, and the thematic inheritor training activities for different fields and different age groups have been continuously carried out. At the same time, we will actively promote the participation in the construction of intangible cultural heritage in colleges and universities, the "non-legacy" in primary and secondary schools, carry out a series of cultural activities involving the public, such as "our festivals", build an aesthetic education system of folk literature and art, and give play to the role of folk literature and art in beautifying life, nourishing people’s hearts and moistening things silently.

　　As you can see,Folk literature and folk storiesBecome a precious resource to tell the story of China in the new era,Folk craftA fashion industry that empowers the tide of domestic products,Folk activities and traditional festivalsBecome an important cultural experience such as rural tourism,folk songThe strongest voice of sing the chinese’s local art,folk danceInto the aesthetic education in colleges and universities, andResearch achievements of folk literature and artBecome an important part of social science and participate in the construction and development of Chinese modernization … … Folk literature and art return to the essence of life, the essence of people’s creation and people’s writing, thus gaining endless power for innovative development; It also makes the folk literature and art undertakings in the new era deepen and expand from the professional guardian inheritance to the socialized innovative development.

　　In the history of the Chinese nation, the creative achievements of folk literature and art are as brilliant as those of Xinghan, so we should watch over and inherit them and carry them forward. The mission, ideals and feelings of folk literature and art require us to take root in the field of life, devote ourselves to the struggle of the times, and advance from the road of rescue, protection, research and cultivation of folk literature and art to a new realm of creative transformation and innovative development and to a broad journey of a better life.

　　The inheritor of kite-making skills in Cao Shi is showing the "painting" process.

At the press conference held by the Ministry of Education on June 28, the reporter learned that in the past ten years, the language and writing front has insisted on coordinating the two overall situations at home and abroad and promoting exchanges and mutual learning between Chinese and foreign civilizations.

Promote the high-quality development of international Chinese education. We have formulated and published the first standard for foreign learners to comprehensively evaluate their Chinese proficiency, the International Chinese Level Grading Standard for Chinese Education, and actively promoted it to the world. We have published 8 language versions overseas and conducted standard docking with more than 20 language education institutions. Establish overseas Putonghua proficiency test stations and build the brand of Chinese Proficiency Test (HSK). The international status and influence of the Chinese language have increased significantly with the improvement of the country’s comprehensive strength. By the end of 2021, 10 specialized agencies under the United Nations, including UNESCO, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Tourism Organization, have adopted Chinese as the official language, more than 180 countries and regions have carried out Chinese education, 76 countries have incorporated Chinese into the national education system, and the number of people studying Chinese in foreign countries has exceeded 25 million, and the cumulative number of people learning and using Chinese has reached nearly 200 million.

Contribute to China’s wisdom and China’s plan. In 2014, the World Language Conference with the theme of "Language Ability and Human Civilization and Social Progress" was jointly held in Suzhou with UNESCO, and the Suzhou Consensus was released; In 2018, the World Conference on the Protection of Language Resources was jointly held in Changsha, and the Yuelu Declaration, the first UNESCO permanent document with the theme of "Protecting Language Diversity", was released, contributing to the wisdom of China and China. Publish the English, Russian, Japanese and Korean versions of the Report on Language Life in China overseas to expand the international influence of China’s language and writing industry.

Strengthen bilateral and multilateral language and cultural exchanges. We will promote international exchanges and cooperation in bilateral and multilateral languages such as China and Russia, China and France, China and Germany, and China and ASEAN, and further expand the "international circle of friends" in China’s language and writing industry. Holding the Sino-Russian Language Policy Forum and the First China — The ASEAN Language and Culture Forum fills the gap in high-level language and culture exchanges between China, Russia, China and ASEAN. Hold a seminar on language policy and planning between China and France, and sign the first bilateral cooperation agreement between the State Language Commission and the French Ministry of Culture on language policy exchange and cooperation. Since 2017, with the theme of "Language makes the world more harmonious and civilization more splendid", three Beijing, China International Language and Culture Expositions and a series of international language and culture forums such as "Language Technology and Human Welfare" have been successfully held to fill the gap in the Chinese-speaking area of the world, attracting nearly 100 representatives of international organizations and foreign diplomatic envoys to China, nearly 1,000 experts to participate in exchanges and discussions, and more than 100,000 people to watch the exhibitions.

　 　The TV series "Ming Long Teenager" was produced by Youku Information Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. and Wow Wow Wow, jointly produced by Hunan Education TV Station, with Peng Li and Shang Na as the chief producers, directed by Ding Hei, written by Alex Chen, starring Ruoyun Zhang and Huang Yao. It started broadcasting on CCTV-8 on December 10, 2023, and Youku broadcasted independently on the whole network, and officially closed on CCTV-8 last week.

　 　This youth campus drama series attracted much attention before its launch, and won the "Annual Expecting Innovative Drama Series" of Weibo Vision Conference, and also topped the list of reservations for Youku Modern Drama Series. After the official broadcast, the heat of the series quickly warmed up and detonated the hot search. The heat in Youku Station broke through 10,000, and Douban scored 8.0, which also caused great concern and discussion on major social platforms.

Different youth group images, all kinds of "life" before the college entrance examination

　 　"Ming Long Teenager" focuses on the topic of "College Entrance Examination", and mainly tells an inspirational story of a group of senior three students led by an excellent teacher, Lei Ming (Ruoyun Zhang) and a psychological teacher, Sang Xia (Huang Yao), aiming at sprinting for the college entrance examination, bravely pursuing their dreams and interweaving laughter and tears. In order to let the students regain their dreams, Lei Ming and Sang Xia taught students in accordance with their aptitude, guided them to form good study habits, helped each student to face difficulties, improve family relations and establish an optimistic attitude, thus winning the trust and love of the students and getting growth and healing from each other. In the end, these students started a new life journey by trying to get into an ideal university.

　 　The play continues the deep shaping of group images and individuals by director Ding Hei, and depicts a vivid and unique group image of youth for the audience. The drama focuses on the campus of senior three, focusing on students with different problems, teachers with conflicting ideas and parents with different styles … telling their daily lives and personal experiences, and sketching out the growth trajectory and mood changes of the characters in narrative and camera performance, which gives the characters a "real" foundation and deepens the audience’s substitution, understanding and understanding of stories and characters.

　 　 Several main characters who focus on ink are also the epitome of "life". While creating a group image, the drama also extends the discussion to the eager attention to topics such as psychological pressure, school education and family education of freshmen in senior three, so as to make the fate of the characters in the story reflect you and me outside the story, which not only takes care of reality deeply, but also has more humanistic care temperature.

Rooted in the "real" soil, realistic themes are combined with romanticism.

　 　The "truth" and "temperature" of characters and emotions in Ming Long Teenager also benefit from the creative team’s deep cultivation in creation and various stages. It is understood that the creative team of the drama has been preparing for the drama for nearly three years, and after the project started, it has carried out policy study and investigation for nine months, visited more than 10 colleges and universities, conducted in-depth interviews with more than 300 teachers and students, and invited a "learning guide" with the experience of "attacking the college entrance examination" to check the details of the learning methods in the drama. A large number of research on real people and events, rooted in the polishing of reality, laid the foundation for the real background color and life-oriented expression of this work. The drama also uses romantic expression techniques and expressions, showing a positive mood and youthful appearance, which makes this story about "turning over against the wind and attacking the college entrance examination" bloody and establishes emotional connection with the audience.

　 　Taking truth as the basic point, taking emotion as the core, combining reality with romance, and paying attention to the retention and extension of ambiguity are also closely linked and hoped to be realized by the music creation team of Ming Long Juvenile. Yang Bingyin, a young composer and music producer, led the team of Bing Yin to produce the soundtrack and interludes in the play. Before the official shooting, the team started the initial planning and creative preparation in music, which is another cooperation with the director team of Ding Hei after Police Honor. Regarding the sharing and thinking in the creative process, Yang Bingyin said: "Although this drama is a campus theme, in fact, many contents and topics are quite profound and realistic, but it also has the imagination and enthusiasm to make people step out of reality. Balancing these two aspects, helping to better restore the authenticity of stories and scenes, and helping to establish characterization are the topics of our music creation this time. "

Healing, reconciliation and resonance, witnessing two-way growth with music.

　 　The rich amount of music and the stylization of the combination of music with pictures and stories have also left a deep impression on the audience of Ming Long Teenager. The soundtrack of the play uses diverse and innovative musical elements, and presents the teenagers’ special dream-chasing journey in the music scene after scene in the variety of styles such as pop, electronics and rock. In the collision of different notes, music wrote their own unique keywords for each character. In addition to the enthusiasm and blood of the college entrance examination, there is also the youth and ignorance that belong to the student era, and the confusion and shaking when pursuing the heart. In this growth process, endless warmth, firmness and beauty grow. Teachers around teenagers are not only silently expecting and indulging, but also encouraging and moving forward, and achieving mutual growth.

　 　"Understanding" and "reconciliation" are the key words mentioned by producer Yang Bingyin for this play. "The characters in this drama are actually very three-dimensional and complicated. Everyone is constantly learning about themselves and recognizing themselves. They are all on the road to reconciliation with the past and themselves. This is actually a very difficult thing to grow up. Many plots and lines have multiple meanings, so music should also be able to show ambiguity, rather than deliberately and subjectively guiding and controlling, in order to give the audience as much understanding and feeling as possible. " Yang Bingyin said: "In addition, the production volume is really large, and the choice of music and music style is also very important. We also hope that in such rich music, different scenes and characters can be more visualized, and at the same time, more innovations can be displayed, so that everyone can hear refreshing things while seeing good stories, which can make everyone feel more and resonate."

In addition to the soundtrack, Yang Bingyin and his team also created many episodes of characters’ plots, and at the same time tailored several songs for the music-loving "Jiang Qinglang" in the play. The episode "To the Best Teenager" was written by Wang Xiaoqian, composed by Yang Bingyin, and produced by Bingyin. In the play, it appeared as an egg at the end of the film, combined with the pictures of teachers cheering for the students of Minglong. Textbooks and life may have to face difficult problems, but in the end, they and we will get the answer to growth. In order to lead the students to improve their English learning enthusiasm, Lei Ming sang the English version of "Ordinary Day", which was composed by Mao and composed by Wang Xiaoqian, and recorded the beautiful memories of Class 11 and youth in the song. "Double-faced Man" is composed by Wang Xiaoqian and Fu Xin, composed by Yang Bingyin, and produced by the sound. The song reveals and presents the confusion and rebellion of adolescence in the form of rap, and at the same time, it combines the picture plot to realize the emotional expression of the role at the musical level. In the last few episodes, the key plots, written by Orphan Ya, composed by Yang Bingyin and Orphan Ya, and produced by Bingyin and Chuangsheng, also met the audience one after another. The two songs are presented in the form of stage performances, which write those true feelings and thoughts on self and the world into the rhyme of each sentence, reflect the growth and reconciliation of teenagers along the way, and express their sincerity and enthusiasm for their dreams.

Last Friday, CMG’s second annual China TV drama festival hosted by China Central Radio and Television General Station was held in Beijing. The event reviewed the blooming and splendid dramas in China in the past year, and the actors and creators of Ming Long Boys were also invited to participate. Nowadays, more and more high-quality dramas with deep creativity, polishing details and focusing on innovation have flooded into the market, representing the high-quality creative power of China TV series today. In the future, we also expect more fine TV dramas to continue to enter the public eye.

　　Just after noon, in Ma ‘anshan Village, Henan Street, Harqin Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the "one-stop service hall" of the Party-mass service center became lively, and Liu Yeyang, the first secretary in the village, was busy interpreting policies and answering questions for the villagers.

　　2019年7月15日，最高领袖总书记来到马鞍山村考察，在党群服务中心，刘叶阳向总书记汇报了村里的情况。在驻村干部之家、爱心超市，总书记看到村庄管理有序、村民生活幸福，十分欣慰，强调产业是发展的根基，产业兴旺，乡亲们收入才能稳定增长。

　　2019年7月15日至16日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在内蒙古考察并指导开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育。这是15日下午，最高领袖在赤峰市喀喇沁旗河南街道马鞍山村村民张国利家，同基层干部群众代表座谈交流。新华社记者 谢环驰 摄

　　山葡萄拉动一条产业链

　　“总书记要求我们因地制宜、因村施策，宜种则种、宜养则养、宜林则林，把产业发展落到促进农民增收上来。”回忆当天场景，刘叶阳记忆犹新。

　　“那天，在爱心超市，我向总书记详细汇报了爱心超市的积分卡管理机制，村里根据环境卫生、孝老爱亲等6个方面开展评分，群众根据积分到这里免费换取相应物品，以此提升全村文明水平，助推乡风建设。”刘叶阳回忆，“总书记听了很感兴趣，问得很细，仔细了解积分方式和物品来源。”

　　Ma ‘anshan village, once an important part of Ji-Cha-Re-Liao anti-Japanese base area, was a famous poor village in the local area a few years ago. "At that time, one-third of the houses in the village had security risks. The infrastructure in the village was backward, and there were many dry lands. The people basically depended on the sky to eat. The village collective economy only relied on renting orchards to collect rent, and there was no decent industry." This is the scene when Liu Yeyang came to the village four years ago.

　　Located at about 41 north latitude, with large temperature difference between day and night and long illumination time, Maanshan Village is very suitable for planting wild grapes for wine making. However, because they can’t sell at a good price, many villagers cut down mountain vines to dry for firewood.

　　Efforts must be made to expand economies of scale, optimize and update varieties and extend the industrial chain. Liu Yeyang and comrades of the poverty alleviation task force went deep into farmers to publicize and explain, and contacted experts to update varieties. In recent years, the planting area of vitis amurensis in the village has grown from 2,000 mu in 2016 to 3,500 mu today, and a centralized contiguous vitis amurensis planting base has been built, and the yield per mu has also increased from 1,500 kg to 2,000 kg now. The net income per mu has exceeded 4,000 yuan, which is three to five times the net income of planting corn. 33 households and 75 people have achieved stable poverty alleviation due to planting vitis amurensis.

　　Liu Yeyang promoted the transformation and upgrading of the Mountain Grape Cooperative, and established a wine brewing company. Through the cooperative operation of "supporting the strong and leading the poor", the Mountain Grape was purchased at a protective price of two yuan per catty, forming a "company+base+farmers" and "planting — Processing — Sales "one-stop, 248 villagers benefit.

　　Li Yi, a 63-year-old villager, planted 8 mu of wild grapes at home. In the past few years, he always worried about the low price and slow sales. Today, there are cooperatives and wine companies in the village. In the autumn of 2019, Lao Li bought his own brewing equipment, processed 5,000 kilograms of raw wine with 10,000 kilograms of wild grapes, and asked his daughter to help open an online shop. When the business is good, he can sell more than 30 barrels of raw wine every day. "Now the annual income is more than 60,000 yuan, and the days are getting more and more prosperous."

　　Maanshan Village also invested 450,000 yuan in the wine company, and 116 people from 49 poor households became shareholders of the company, with an annual per capita income increase of 500 yuan; Eight poor households participate in enterprises and base labor, with an annual per capita income of more than 3,000 yuan.

　　Liu Yeyang (left), the first secretary in the village, and the villagers check the growth of Vitis amurensis. Photo by Li Zhitao

　　Country tour brings fire to happy farmhouse

　　Maanshan village is close to Chifeng city, surrounded by green hills and beautiful environment. Maanshan National Forest Park, known as "Little Huangshan Mountain beyond the Great Wall", is near the village.

　　"We combine the vitis amurensis industry with tourism, and integrate the pastoral scenery and leisure experience of vitis amurensis planting base with the natural scenery of Maanshan, and implement ‘ Rural tourism+wild grapes+poverty alleviation ’ Mode to promote industrial integration and development. " Liu Yeyang said.

　　"On that day, when the villager Zhang Guoli had a discussion and exchange, the general secretary said happily that the countryside was revitalized, the environment was getting better and better, and rural life was getting better and better." Liu Yeyang said, "In accordance with the requirements of the General Secretary, we are continuing to improve the public infrastructure in the village, improve the living environment in the village, and make Maanshan Village more beautiful."

　　After the general secretary’s inspection, by the end of 2019, three new farmhouses had been opened in the village, with more than 130,000 tourists in just a few months, and the average income of farmhouses increased by 150,000 yuan. In the spring of this year, four homestays were opened.

　　Wang Zicheng, a villager who is over 50 years old, started a farmhouse in July 2019, and his business was surprisingly hot. "I really caught up with a good time. In less than half a year, the turnover was 600,000 yuan. I was too busy. I hired two people from poor households to help. Let’s get rid of poverty and get rich together!"

　　Liu Yeyang led poor households to join hands with farmhouse music, and vegetables, fruits, chickens, ducks, cattle and sheep were sold. Bean bags, tofu and wine also became the favorite commodities for tourists.

　　"Now the tourism in the village is on fire. Building houses and renovating in the village earned more than 100,000 yuan a year, which is much better than working outside." Liu Chunting, a returning villager, said.

　　At the end of 2017, Maanshan Village took off its poverty-stricken village hat and became a famous local ecological civilization village and rural tourism village.

　　"Maanshan Village is located in the old revolutionary base. In the future, we plan to build a red education base and open up a red tourist route to let more villagers participate." Liu Yeyang said.

　　On July 29, 2020, the neat roads in Maanshan Village were all green (photographed by drones). People’s Daily Online Photo by Meng Jiayu

　　Remember not to slack off or relax.

　　"On that day, I told the General Secretary that working in the village ‘ Never retreat until you have won all the victories ’ The general secretary was very happy after listening. " Liu Yeyang recalled emotionally.

　　When they first entered the village, a few villagers were worried that the cadres in the village were "posturing", so Liu Yeyang went door to door to repair the TV for the villagers and help the peasant children who had dropped out of school for six years to return to school … … The villagers gradually began to get close to Liu Yeyang.

　　"At the end of the year, the income and expenditure of poor households were calculated. Some poor households clearly exceeded the poverty standard, but they did not want to quit. We patiently explained that even if they get rid of poverty, they can still follow ‘ Four don’t pick ’ Policy, continue to enjoy the poverty alleviation policy. Everyone’s heart has been opened and our work has been carried out better. " Liu Yeyang said.

　　If you are rich in pockets, you should also be rich in brains.

　　A "love supermarket" was set up in the village to distribute coats, washing powder and other prizes to villagers who actively participated in collective affairs such as environmental remediation; Open "enriching the people’s classroom" to explain policies and teach breeding techniques to villagers; Carry out training for benefiting farmers through science and education; Publish the list of good deeds … …

　　"At the symposium that day, the general secretary said that to build a well-off society in an all-round way, one nation cannot be less; To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, one nation is indispensable. Communist party said that he will do it and he will certainly be able to do it. " Liu Yeyang said, "The words of the General Secretary make our blood boil. Although our village has taken off the poverty hat, we will not have the idea of taking a breath and resting our feet. We must not slack off and continue to run forward with everyone. "

　　Just after noon, in Ma ‘anshan Village, Henan Street, Harqin Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the "one-stop service hall" of the Party-mass service center became lively, and Liu Yeyang, the first secretary in the village, was busy interpreting policies and answering questions for the villagers.

　　2019年7月15日，最高领袖总书记来到马鞍山村考察，在党群服务中心，刘叶阳向总书记汇报了村里的情况。在驻村干部之家、爱心超市，总书记看到村庄管理有序、村民生活幸福，十分欣慰，强调产业是发展的根基，产业兴旺，乡亲们收入才能稳定增长。

　　2019年7月15日至16日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在内蒙古考察并指导开展“不忘初心、牢记使命”主题教育。这是15日下午，最高领袖在赤峰市喀喇沁旗河南街道马鞍山村村民张国利家，同基层干部群众代表座谈交流。新华社记者 谢环驰 摄

　　山葡萄拉动一条产业链

　　“总书记要求我们因地制宜、因村施策，宜种则种、宜养则养、宜林则林，把产业发展落到促进农民增收上来。”回忆当天场景，刘叶阳记忆犹新。

　　“那天，在爱心超市，我向总书记详细汇报了爱心超市的积分卡管理机制，村里根据环境卫生、孝老爱亲等6个方面开展评分，群众根据积分到这里免费换取相应物品，以此提升全村文明水平，助推乡风建设。”刘叶阳回忆，“总书记听了很感兴趣，问得很细，仔细了解积分方式和物品来源。”

　　Ma ‘anshan village, once an important part of Ji-Cha-Re-Liao anti-Japanese base area, was a famous poor village in the local area a few years ago. "At that time, one-third of the houses in the village had security risks. The infrastructure in the village was backward, and there were many dry lands. The people basically depended on the sky to eat. The village collective economy only relied on renting orchards to collect rent, and there was no decent industry." This is the scene when Liu Yeyang came to the village four years ago.

　　Located at about 41 north latitude, with large temperature difference between day and night and long illumination time, Maanshan Village is very suitable for planting wild grapes for wine making. However, because they can’t sell at a good price, many villagers cut down mountain vines to dry for firewood.

　　Efforts must be made to expand economies of scale, optimize and update varieties and extend the industrial chain. Liu Yeyang and comrades of the poverty alleviation task force went deep into farmers to publicize and explain, and contacted experts to update varieties. In recent years, the planting area of vitis amurensis in the village has grown from 2,000 mu in 2016 to 3,500 mu today, and a centralized contiguous vitis amurensis planting base has been built, and the yield per mu has also increased from 1,500 kg to 2,000 kg now. The net income per mu has exceeded 4,000 yuan, which is three to five times the net income of planting corn. 33 households and 75 people have achieved stable poverty alleviation due to planting vitis amurensis.

　　Liu Yeyang promoted the transformation and upgrading of the Mountain Grape Cooperative, and established a wine brewing company. Through the cooperative operation of "supporting the strong and leading the poor", the Mountain Grape was purchased at a protective price of two yuan per catty, forming a "company+base+farmers" and "planting — Processing — Sales "one-stop, 248 villagers benefit.

　　Li Yi, a 63-year-old villager, planted 8 mu of wild grapes at home. In the past few years, he always worried about the low price and slow sales. Today, there are cooperatives and wine companies in the village. In the autumn of 2019, Lao Li bought his own brewing equipment, processed 5,000 kilograms of raw wine with 10,000 kilograms of wild grapes, and asked his daughter to help open an online shop. When the business is good, he can sell more than 30 barrels of raw wine every day. "Now the annual income is more than 60,000 yuan, and the days are getting more and more prosperous."

　　Maanshan Village also invested 450,000 yuan in the wine company, and 116 people from 49 poor households became shareholders of the company, with an annual per capita income increase of 500 yuan; Eight poor households participate in enterprises and base labor, with an annual per capita income of more than 3,000 yuan.

　　Liu Yeyang (left), the first secretary in the village, and the villagers check the growth of Vitis amurensis. Photo by Li Zhitao

　　Country tour brings fire to happy farmhouse

　　Maanshan village is close to Chifeng city, surrounded by green hills and beautiful environment. Maanshan National Forest Park, known as "Little Huangshan Mountain beyond the Great Wall", is near the village.

　　"We combine the vitis amurensis industry with tourism, and integrate the pastoral scenery and leisure experience of vitis amurensis planting base with the natural scenery of Maanshan, and implement ‘ Rural tourism+wild grapes+poverty alleviation ’ Mode to promote industrial integration and development. " Liu Yeyang said.

　　"On that day, when the villager Zhang Guoli had a discussion and exchange, the general secretary said happily that the countryside was revitalized, the environment was getting better and better, and rural life was getting better and better." Liu Yeyang said, "In accordance with the requirements of the General Secretary, we are continuing to improve the public infrastructure in the village, improve the living environment in the village, and make Maanshan Village more beautiful."

　　After the general secretary’s inspection, by the end of 2019, three new farmhouses had been opened in the village, with more than 130,000 tourists in just a few months, and the average income of farmhouses increased by 150,000 yuan. In the spring of this year, four homestays were opened.

　　Wang Zicheng, a villager who is over 50 years old, started a farmhouse in July 2019, and his business was surprisingly hot. "I really caught up with a good time. In less than half a year, the turnover was 600,000 yuan. I was too busy. I hired two people from poor households to help. Let’s get rid of poverty and get rich together!"

　　Liu Yeyang led poor households to join hands with farmhouse music, and vegetables, fruits, chickens, ducks, cattle and sheep were sold. Bean bags, tofu and wine also became the favorite commodities for tourists.

　　"Now the tourism in the village is on fire. Building houses and renovating in the village earned more than 100,000 yuan a year, which is much better than working outside." Liu Chunting, a returning villager, said.

　　At the end of 2017, Maanshan Village took off its poverty-stricken village hat and became a famous local ecological civilization village and rural tourism village.

　　"Maanshan Village is located in the old revolutionary base. In the future, we plan to build a red education base and open up a red tourist route to let more villagers participate." Liu Yeyang said.

　　On July 29, 2020, the neat roads in Maanshan Village were all green (photographed by drones). People’s Daily Online Photo by Meng Jiayu

　　Remember not to slack off or relax.

　　"On that day, I told the General Secretary that working in the village ‘ Never retreat until you have won all the victories ’ The general secretary was very happy after listening. " Liu Yeyang recalled emotionally.

　　When they first entered the village, a few villagers were worried that the cadres in the village were "posturing", so Liu Yeyang went door to door to repair the TV for the villagers and help the peasant children who had dropped out of school for six years to return to school … … The villagers gradually began to get close to Liu Yeyang.

　　"At the end of the year, the income and expenditure of poor households were calculated. Some poor households clearly exceeded the poverty standard, but they did not want to quit. We patiently explained that even if they get rid of poverty, they can still follow ‘ Four don’t pick ’ Policy, continue to enjoy the poverty alleviation policy. Everyone’s heart has been opened and our work has been carried out better. " Liu Yeyang said.

　　If you are rich in pockets, you should also be rich in brains.

　　A "love supermarket" was set up in the village to distribute coats, washing powder and other prizes to villagers who actively participated in collective affairs such as environmental remediation; Open "enriching the people’s classroom" to explain policies and teach breeding techniques to villagers; Carry out training for benefiting farmers through science and education; Publish the list of good deeds … …

　　"At the symposium that day, the general secretary said that to build a well-off society in an all-round way, one nation cannot be less; To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, one nation is indispensable. Communist party said that he will do it and he will certainly be able to do it. " Liu Yeyang said, "The words of the General Secretary make our blood boil. Although our village has taken off the poverty hat, we will not have the idea of taking a breath and resting our feet. We must not slack off and continue to run forward with everyone. "

　　Xinhua News Agency, Urumqi, October 4th Title: Xinjiang: The construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt is full of vitality.

　　Xinhua news agency reporter

　　Xinjiang, located in the hinterland of Asia, has been an important hub connecting East and West on the Silk Road since ancient times. From the ancient land passage to the increasingly dense three-dimensional transportation network, with the deepening of China’s high-level opening up, the development of the western region, and the joint construction of the "Belt and Road", Xinjiang has changed from a relatively closed inland to the forefront of opening up, and efforts are being made to promote the construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt.

　　On September 20th, at the 7th China-Asia-Europe Expo, visitors learned about the "Tour Xinjiang" platform at the booth of China Unicom. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ding Lei photo

　　High-quality development boosts enriching the people and prospering Xinjiang.

　　Autumn is crisp, and it is another harvest season. At the foot of Tianshan Mountain, the 7th China-Asia-Europe Expo held by combining online and offline has achieved fruitful results. During the Expo from September 19th to 22nd, a total of 448 cooperative projects were signed, with the contracted amount exceeding 1 trillion yuan, the highest in previous expositions.

　　Jiashi County, Xinjiang, located at the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain and the western edge of Taklimakan Desert, was once an important post station of the Silk Road. In the past, due to the serious salinization of land and the scarcity of cultivated land, many local residents fell into poverty. Nowadays, Jiashi County, after getting rid of poverty, has vigorously promoted rural revitalization with its thriving melon and fruit industry.

　　At this Expo, Jiashi Xinmei and other products exhibited in Jiashi County were favored by the market and signed an order of 280 million yuan. According to the person in charge of the local exhibitors, Jiashi County has harvested more than 150,000 tons of new plum this year, which has been sold out. This alone has driven the per capita income of 400,000 farmers in the county to exceed 5,000 yuan. At present, relying on online and offline stores and other sales methods, Jiashi Xinmei sells well all over the country and is exported to Southeast Asia and North America.

　　Jiashi Xinmei’s entry into the international market is the epitome of Xinjiang’s unique geographical advantages and the transformation of natural resources into economic advantages and development advantages.

　　In the past 10 years, Xinjiang has persisted in enriching the people and rejuvenating Xinjiang, closely followed people’s livelihood and promoted high-quality development, and built a large number of infrastructure and major industrial projects that have a bearing on the overall situation and long-term development. Modern agriculture, represented by grain, cotton, fruit and livestock, has entered a stage of high-efficiency and high-quality development.

　　At present, the operating mileage of Xinjiang railway reaches 8768 kilometers, and if the railway is opened for operation, the world’s first desert railway ring line will be connected. The total mileage of highways has reached 217,300 kilometers, and all prefectures and cities have entered the era of expressways. The total number of civil airports has reached 24, ranking first in the country. The increasingly dense three-dimensional traffic network helps Xinjiang develop rapidly.

　　June 12, Xinjiang Kashgar Comprehensive Bonded Zone. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ding Lei photo

　　Create a hot spot for investment and development

　　Urumqi International Land Port Area, Kashgar Economic Development Zone, Horgos Economic Development Zone … … In recent years, the state has successively set up 13 categories of 55 national key open platforms and industrial development platforms in Xinjiang, and endowed them with a series of policies and measures. With the continuous release of policy dividends, Xinjiang has become an important undertaking area for industrial westward advancement and a hot spot for people from all walks of life to invest and start businesses.

　　Sany Northwest Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., which settled down in Urumqi International Land Port Area, is the sixth industrial base of Sany Group Co., Ltd. in China. Zhenzhong Liu, general manager of Sany Northwest Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. said that with the continuous promotion of the "Belt and Road Initiative", Sany Group has opened a major channel for construction machinery marketing, service and logistics along the Silk Road Economic Belt, connecting the central and western parts of China to Central Asia and Europe.

　　Yu Chengzhong, chairman of Xinjiang Horgos Jinyi International Trade (Group) Co., Ltd., started as a fruit and vegetable import and export trade at Horgos Port in the 1990s, and now his business scope has been expanding to cross-border e-commerce, catering, cinemas and sightseeing agriculture. He witnessed the rapid development of Horgos Port from "channel economy" to "industrial economy" and "port economy".

　　"In 2010, the central government decided to set up an economic development zone in Horgos. In 2014, Horgos was established. In 2018, the sixth generation of Horgos was officially opened. At the same time, the state and the autonomous region give enterprise income tax ‘ Five exemptions and five reductions ’ Policies create favorable conditions for promoting investment attraction and attracting industrial agglomeration. " He said that looking back on the company’s growth in recent years, it is all riding the east wind of national policies.

　　Kashgar Economic Development Zone was established with the approval of the central government in 2010, and it is the fulcrum of southern Xinjiang in the construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt. As of July this year, there are 4,559 market players, initially forming industrial clusters including electronic assembly and processing, textiles and clothing, modern logistics, trade logistics, etc., and solving more than 42,000 jobs.

　　Ma Haitao, deputy director of the Administrative Committee of Kashgar Economic Development Zone, said that the import and export of cross-border e-commerce has become a new bright spot in the foreign trade development of Kashgar Comprehensive Bonded Zone. In February this year, the State Council approved Kashgar as the first cross-border electronic commerce comprehensive experimental zone in southern Xinjiang, which not only provided policy dividends for cross-border e-commerce companies settled in Kashgar Comprehensive Bonded Zone, but also ushered in new opportunities for Kashgar’s export-oriented economic development.

　　"By giving full play to our policy advantages, we will strive to achieve the goal of cross-border e-commerce with 20 million votes and a value of 600 million yuan this year." Ma Haitao said.

　　On January 11, employees of Xinjiang Meixu Textile Co., Ltd. were busy in the workshop in Mo Yuxian, Xinjiang. Xinhua News Agency reporter Ding Lei photo

　　Regional cooperation ushers in new opportunities for development

　　Mao Hui, deputy director of the Development and Reform Commission of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, said that in recent years, with the construction of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt as the engine, Xinjiang has actively integrated its regional opening strategy into the overall layout of the country’s opening to the west, actively carried out foreign exchanges and cooperation, and achieved remarkable results. The "circle of friends" of Eurasian cooperation has been continuously expanded.

　　Up to now, Xinjiang has signed 21 cooperation agreements with 25 countries and international organizations, established economic and trade relations with 176 countries and regions and concluded 45 pairs of international sister cities. Foreign investment has covered more than 60 countries and regions, and four overseas economic and trade cooperation parks have been built.

　　In July this year, business representatives from 13 countries in China visited Xinjiang. They said that Xinjiang has outstanding geographical advantages and great development potential in building the "Belt and Road", and they look forward to more pragmatic cooperation with Xinjiang, actively promoting the host country to strengthen cooperation with Xinjiang, China in various fields, and promoting mutually beneficial and win-win development.

　　At the summit forum on the development of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt in 2022 held during the 7th China-Asia-Europe Expo, Lin Yifu, president of Peking University New jiegou Research Institute, believed that under the new development pattern, Xinjiang would make full use of its natural resources, labor endowment advantages and the location advantages of the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt, and would certainly be able to seize the once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, usher in economic take-off and make contributions to the further economic development of Xinjiang and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. (Reporter: Ding Jiangang, Deng Yushan, Pan Ying, Zhou Shengbin)

　　Producer: Zhao Danping and Li Zhiang

　　Coordinator: Li Kai, Hou Dongtao, Qin Dajun and Xia Xiaopeng.

　　Produced by Xinhua News Agency’s International Communication Integration Platform

　　　 Movie network news(Photo/Report Group of the 14th Shanghai Film Festival) On June 14th, the 14th Shanghai Film Festival Golden Goblet Awards’s entry Maya held a crew audience meeting and a press conference. Director and screenwriter Pluton Vasi, producer Lorika DeDai and starring Mazafe Zifeller and Rowena Kuka attended the event.

Maya focuses on Albanian people’s feelings and cultural differences, and Shanghai is cold.

　　　 The Albanian film Maya is a human theme film wrapped in love ethics. Samuel, a second-generation political immigrant from Albania, came to Albania for the first time to bury his father. There, he met Maya, a married woman. For her sake, he decided to stay in that small town and opened a barber shop. But things didn’t go so smoothly. As an eye-catching outsider, he was jealous of Maya’s admirers and was suspected by the local police of being a terrorist and smuggling antiques. Rumors about him and Maya are also everywhere. He was illegally searched, graffiti was smeared on the glass, and even no mail and parcels were delivered to his home … … Finally, when Maya’s daughter seduced him into bed with heavy makeup and scolded him not to destroy their family, he decided to leave.

　　　 The film focuses on trivial life in a poor town in Albania. On the surface, it is a love story full of regrets. However, apart from this love affair, the narrow mentality of neighbors and the clumsy tactics of police leaders are the most shocking places in the film. In a small town where you have love and people’s hearts when you have a job, human nature is trampled on because of poverty, and tradition is betrayed because of interests. This absurd local conditions and customs of cool thin may also be a metaphor for the director’s political demands, and the family conflicts between Maya and her daughter before also let us see the director’s exploration of the paradox of right and wrong. However, due to cultural differences, the screening effect of Maya in Shanghai is relatively average, the attendance rate is far less than that of well-known films such as The Little Thing of First Love, and the audience’s live atmosphere is also relatively cold.

Pluton Vasi was short-listed in Golden Goblet Awards, and Lorika Dedai said that Maya is suitable for the whole world.

　　　 Pluton Vasi, the director of Maya, directed The Sorrow of Fat People, which was selected as the focus unit of the world film at the Montreal Film Festival in 2009. Maya is the first Albanian film directed by Plutonvas. His use of colors in Maya is vivid and natural, from maple leaves to houses, showing the unique style of Albanian towns. The soundtrack of the film is also unique, including the suppression of cello and the outbreak of heavy metals, which makes the film full of strong personal style. For the film’s short-listed director Golden Goblet Awards, it is relatively indifferent. "It is already very happy to come to China, and it is not important to win the prize."

　　　 Producer Lorika DeDai is very confident about the release of Maya. When introducing the film, she said that it is a film about the trivial life of an ordinary person. It looks like a romantic film, but in fact it is more about how to find the inner self. The life and phenomena in this film are actually the same as those in China, Africa and the whole world. "The director’s filming is very hard, and the effect of our screening in Albania is also very good. I hope the audience in China will like it."

More wonderful pictures on the next page!

　　To protect vision and prevent eye diseases, we need to start from many aspects, among which paying attention to nutrition is also helpful to improve vision.

　　Which nutrients determine good eyesight?

　　Procyanidins are pure natural anti-aging nutrients. Existing studies have proved that proanthocyanidins are the most effective antioxidants discovered by human beings today, and their antioxidant performance is 50 times higher than that of vitamin E and 200 times higher than that of vitamin C.. Different from other antioxidants, proanthocyanidins can directly protect the brain and optic nerve system through the blood-brain barrier. It can be detected in the blood 20 minutes after taking it. The main function of proanthocyanidins is to soften capillaries, eliminate eye fatigue and improve vision. In addition, it can also assist in the treatment of myopia, amblyopia, cataract, glaucoma and other eye diseases.

　　Lutein and zeaxanthin Lutein are carotenoids. In our daily diet, food contains more than 50 kinds of carotenoids, but only lutein and zeaxanthin will accumulate in the macular part of the retina, so it is also called macular pigment. Retina and macula are responsible for feeling images, fine vision and clarity, and they are needed for daily color discrimination and reading literacy. If lutein and zeaxanthin are lacking in macula and retina for a long time, it will affect vision; Those with severe symptoms may even be blind.

　　In addition, lutein and zeaxanthin are the only nutrients that can absorb blue light and ultraviolet light, which can improve eye fatigue and reduce the phenomenon of "watery eyes"; They are also powerful natural antioxidants, which can resist the damage of free radicals to the eyes and protect them.

　　0 ~ 1 years old is a period of rapid eye development, so it is especially necessary to supplement nutrition. However, the content of lutein in breast milk is seriously insufficient, and the human body itself can’t synthesize lutein at all. Therefore, milk powder or complementary food with lutein should be selected for the baby.

　　The antioxidant capacity of anthocyanin anthocyanin is about 50 times that of vitamin E. Studies have proved that anthocyanins can strengthen microvascular elasticity, promote microvascular blood circulation, maintain normal eye pressure, eliminate eye muscle fatigue and edema, and improve vascular dark circles; It can activate and accelerate the regeneration of rhodopsin, promote visual acuity and improve night blindness; Can effectively inhibit the enzymes that destroy eye cells; It can make the retina adapt to the change of light, improve the eye’s recognition in the dark, protect the eyes from free radicals and prevent eye degenerative diseases.

　　Astaxanthin Astaxanthin, a red carotenoid found in the shell of crayfish, has strong oxidation resistance, can effectively remove oxygen free radicals in cells, enhance cell regeneration ability, maintain body balance and reduce the accumulation of aging cells, thus protecting skin health, promoting hair growth, resisting aging, relieving exercise fatigue and enhancing vitality. Astaxanthin can easily pass through the blood-brain barrier and cell membrane, which can effectively prevent retinal oxidation and photoreceptor cell damage. It can also protect the central nervous system, especially the brain. In addition, it can also prevent ultraviolet radiation and cardiovascular diseases.

　　Vitamin

　　Vitamin C Vitamin C comes from vegetables and fruits, especially dark green vegetables. Vitamin c can weaken the damage of light and oxygen to the lens of the eye, thus delaying the occurrence of cataract.

　　Vitamin A Vitamin A plays a very important role in maintaining normal vision. Because it is an important raw material for synthesizing visual photosensitive substances. If vitamin A is lacking, the eye’s ability to feel weak light will decrease, and it is impossible to see objects clearly in the weak light environment.

　　Vitamin B Vitamin B is helpful for promoting normal growth and development of human body, improving optic nerve function and improving vision and energy. Lack of vitamin B can lead to lack of concentration and dull eyes.

　　Vitamin B Vitamin B can improve eyesight, relieve eye fatigue and treat eye diseases. It can also promote development, improve human body’s absorption of iron, strengthen human immunity and eliminate free radicals.

　　Taurine Taurine is abundant in human retina, which can improve visual function and promote the development of retina. At the same time, it can also improve the self-repair ability of cornea and fight against eye diseases. When the taurine content in retina decreases, the structure and function of retina may be disordered, which may affect vision.

　　Calcium is closely related to eyeball composition. Teenagers who are at the peak of their growth need more calcium. If we don’t pay attention to calcium supplementation, it will not only affect bone development, but also make the developing eyeball wall — — The elasticity of sclera decreases and the internal pressure of lens increases, which causes the anterior and posterior diameter of eyeball to lengthen and lead to myopia.

　　Chromium-chromium can activate insulin and make insulin exert its maximum biological effect. If the chromium content in human body is insufficient, the function of insulin in regulating blood sugar will be hindered, and the osmotic pressure of plasma will increase, which will lead to the increase of osmotic pressure and diopter of eyeball lens and aqueous humor, thus inducing myopia.

　　Zinc and zinc are mainly distributed in bones and blood, and zinc is also found in corneal epidermis, iris, retina and lens. Zinc participates in the metabolism and transport of vitamin A in the eye, and maintains the normal tissue state of retinal pigment epithelium. Zinc deficiency can lead to visual impairment.

　　What food do you often eat to have good eyesight?

　　Foods rich in vitamin A Vitamin A is an indispensable trace element to keep eyes healthy. Without vitamin A, you will get night blindness. The best food sources of vitamin A are various animal livers, cod liver oil, fish eggs and poultry eggs. In addition, vitamin A contained in carrots, lettuce, cabbage, amaranth, alfalfa, sweet potatoes with red hearts, pumpkins, green peppers and other vegetables can also be converted into vitamin A in the human body.

　　However, vitamin A supplementation should not be rushed, otherwise excessive intake of vitamin A may lead to vitamin A poisoning.

　　Spinach Spinach can prevent eye diseases. A carotenoid called lutein found in spinach can prevent cataracts and macular degeneration.

　　Fruits rich in vitamin C can scavenge free radicals that can harm eyes, so the intake of foods rich in vitamin C such as kiwi fruit, orange, lemon, medlar and hawthorn should be increased. In addition, fresh vegetables such as bell peppers and tomatoes are also rich in vitamin C.

　　Bean products Bean products contain essential fatty acids, phytoestrogens and vitamin E which are beneficial to eyes. Soy milk, soybeans, soy cheese and other soy products and foods rich in vitamin E, such as olive oil and cereal, are all beneficial to eye health.

　　Garlic and onion garlic are excellent foods for improving eyesight. The sulfur in garlic can stabilize the lens and make it more resilient. In addition, onions rich in sulfur are also good for eyesight.

　　Vitamin A contained in apricot can reduce the damage caused by free radicals to eyes and delay the aging of eyes. In addition, apricots also contain some carotenoids that can improve vision, which is very good for eyes.

　　Cysteine, sulfur, lecithin, amino acids and lutein in eggs can effectively prevent cataracts and protect eye health.

　　Salmon and sardines ω contained in salmon and sardines; -3 fatty acids are very good for vision, which can inhibit free radicals in the eyes, prevent the formation of new blood vessels and prevent lens inflammation.

　　The lutein and zeaxanthin contained in broccoli can protect eye cells from the pressure caused by free radicals, improve vision and prevent cataracts.

　　Flavonoids in dark chocolate can protect the blood vessels in the eyes and make the cornea and lens healthier. Only pure dark chocolate can achieve this effect.

　　Foods with high calcium content mainly include milk and its products, shellfish (shrimp), bone meal, beans and bean products, egg yolk and dark green vegetables. At the same time, we should also pay attention to foods rich in vitamin D such as animal liver and green vegetables to increase the absorption and utilization of calcium.

　　Chromium-containing food is mostly found in brown rice and wheat bran, and animal liver, grape juice and nuts are also rich in content.

　　Zinc-containing foods contain more zinc, such as oysters, meat, animal livers, eggs, peanuts, wheat and beans. (Li Ruixiang)