Zhejiang Daily, Hangzhou, September 16 (Reporter Yu Qin) On the afternoon of the 16th, the main media center of the Hangzhou Asian Games was inaugurated. The multilingual humanistic documentary "What I remember most is Hangzhou" and the official documentary "Hey, Asian Games" of the Central Radio and Television General Station were started and broadcast simultaneously.

　　Shen Haixiong, Vice Minister of Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and Director of Central Radio and Television Station, Wang Hao, Governor and Chairman of Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee, Liu Jie, Standing Committee Member of Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee, Zhao Cheng, Standing Committee Member of Provincial Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, and Vinod Tiwari, Acting Director-General of OCA, presented the keys to the media and broadcasters stationed in the main media center of Hangzhou Asian Games and attended the opening and broadcasting ceremony of the documentary "What I remember most is Hangzhou" and "Hi, Asian Games" together.

　　The main media center of Hangzhou Asian Games is one of the important non-competition venues of Hangzhou Asian Games, and it is the headquarters of the media committee, anchor organization, rights-holding broadcaster and news information service team of OCA. The main media center is located in Hangzhou International Expo Center, next to Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium, 15 minutes’ drive from the media village, with convenient transportation. The venue adheres to the concept of media integration and service integration, and strives to build the first fully integrated main media center in the history of the Asian Games to provide professional, convenient and efficient services for Chinese and foreign media.

　　The multilingual humanistic documentary "Most Remembering Hangzhou" by CCTV focuses on Chinese and foreign people who work and live in Hangzhou, and shows Hangzhou’s meaningful cultural heritage, strong scientific and technological innovation vitality and green development city concept from their perspectives. The official documentary "Hi, Asian Games" of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was jointly produced by the OCA and the Hangzhou Asian Organizing Committee. The documentary presented the historical changes of the Asian Games for more than 70 years for the first time, deeply explored the humanistic beauty behind sports and conveyed the grand theme of "Asian destiny community".

　　Editor’s Note: Housing is a major event that residents are generally concerned about. The report of the 19th National Congress pointed out that "let all people live in a house", which made people with housing difficulties feel excited. How to solve the problem and complete the task? The support and guarantee of housing provident fund system is an important part.

　　The housing accumulation fund system is the product of China’s housing system reform. At present, the real estate industry has undergone great changes, and the economic and social environment has also undergone great changes. The housing provident fund system faces many challenges and challenges in the new era, which has become a hot topic of concern from all walks of life and a major problem that society expects to solve.

　　In recent years, from national to local, the housing accumulation fund system has been continuously explored and reformed, but some fundamental problems still need to be solved. Especially in the context of accelerating the establishment of a long-term mechanism for the real estate market, accelerating the new urbanization and the integration of new citizens into cities, it is even more urgent for the provident fund to better play its role of connecting industries and the government and providing policy-oriented financial support to help achieve the goal of "all people live and live".

　　Want to buy a house, is the provident fund reliable?

　　— — Road-finding provident fund: minor repairs or major changes (1)

　　Half-monthly talk reporter Tao Ye Yu Xianhong Lu Chang Hu Ruohan

　　It has been nearly 30 years since the birth of China’s housing accumulation fund system in the early 1990s. As an important tool for the transformation of China’s housing system from welfare housing distribution to marketization, it has played a very important role in promoting the housing system reform in China and improving the living conditions of residents. However, with the continuous development of economy and society, the housing market environment is constantly changing. Now, if you want to buy a house, can the provident fund be reliable?

　　Where did it come from?

　　In the era of planned economy, China implemented the housing system of "low rent, high subsidy, welfare system and distribution in kind" for urban workers. Urban housing was regarded as the welfare of workers and almost lived for free, and the rent was determined not by cost but by affordability.

　　Hu Zuquan, an associate researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Office of the Economic Forecasting Department of the National Information Center, said that this welfare housing allocation model caused a large shortage of urban housing construction funds and consumption funds, and the urban housing shortage was serious: the per capita living area in cities and towns dropped from 4.5 square meters in 1950 to 3.6 square meters in 1978, and the number of households lacking housing reached 8.69 million, accounting for 47.5% of the total urban households at that time.

　　In this context, the housing accumulation fund system emerged as the product of urban housing reform. Through the housing monetization distribution and housing financing mechanism supported by the state, subsidized by the unit and reasonably borne by the individual, we will open up a stable source of funds for urban housing construction. In 1991, Shanghai took the lead in establishing the housing provident fund system, marking the official start of China’s housing provident fund system.

　　In 1999, the State Council issued the Regulations on the Management of Housing Provident Fund, which marked that the housing provident fund system officially entered a period of standardization and legalization. Since then, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other relevant departments have made a series of specific provisions on strengthening the management of provident fund and improving the supervision mechanism.

　　After more than 20 years of development, the housing accumulation fund system has become a "stabilizer" and "booster" for local governments to improve residents’ living conditions and ensure the stable development of the real estate market.

　　"As a product of the housing system reform, China’s housing provident fund system has promoted the institutional transition from physical distribution to currency trading, and promoted the transformation of the housing system from welfare to market." Huang Yanfen, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, said.

　　For whom?

　　Since its introduction, benefiting as many urban residents as possible has always been one of the goals of the provident fund system. At present, how many people and who are enjoying the benefits of housing provident fund?

　　Xiao Zhang, who works in a barber shop in Hubei, never thought about using the provident fund, because he never paid the provident fund, let alone using the provident fund loan to buy a house. Peng Wen, who works in Nanchang, considered that the interest rate of provident fund loans was relatively low, and he intended to use provident fund loans during the purchase this year to reduce the pressure on monthly supply. However, he found that the two banks that cooperated with the developers made it clear that they would not accept provident fund loans.

　　Their experience is not a case. Judging from the data reflected in the 2016 Annual Report of the National Housing Provident Fund, inclusiveness is still an unattainable goal of the current housing provident fund system.

　　The low coverage rate in the payment link of housing provident fund and the low individual loan rate in the use link (the ratio of accumulated loan households to accumulated deposit households) are particularly typical. On the one hand, as of the end of 2016, nearly 70% of the urban employees in the country still did not pay the housing provident fund; On the other hand, the rate of individual loan households in eastern provinces is generally low, and the rate of individual loan households in Guangdong is less than 20%.

　　From the loan link, the 2016 Annual Report of National Housing Provident Fund shows that low-income groups account for 35.96%, middle-income groups account for 58.86%, and high-income groups account for 5.18%. Of the houses purchased and built with loan support, 31.07% are houses with an area of less than 90 square meters, 59.20% are houses with an area of 90-144 square meters, and 9.73% are houses with an area of more than 144 square meters.

　　Gao Guangchun, an associate researcher in national academy of economic strategy, believes that the proportion of middle-and high-income groups is far lower than that of ultra-low-income groups, and provident fund as a "booster" for low-income groups is still insufficient.

　　A research project of China Institute of Income Distribution of Beijing Normal University also found that at present, people with good education and higher wages and urban residents who are employed in the system are more likely to withdraw provident fund; It is difficult for individuals with lower wages to withdraw the paid housing provident fund.

　　Speed up reform

　　In recent years, in order to expand the coverage of provident fund, various localities have made various attempts in terms of deposit scope and withdrawal process, so that more people can use provident fund more conveniently.

　　Cai Qiuxun, a 24-year-old from Baoluan Town, Fengdu County, is a freelancer engaged in surveying and mapping in Chongqing. Because he has no fixed work unit, he has never expected to buy a house with a provident fund loan. In October 2016, Fengdu County, Chongqing explored the pilot project of migrant workers paying provident fund.

　　Cai Qiuxun began to pay the provident fund in January this year, and paid it to 140 yuan every month. After six months, he can get a loan. With a loan of 360,000 yuan from the provident fund, Cai Qiuxun successfully bought a 107-square-meter house, "paying less interest by almost 100,000 yuan".

　　In Beijing, in order not to let the cumbersome process become the obstacle for the masses to use the provident fund, in August this year, the Beijing Housing Provident Fund Management Center put forward a new method for the deposit and withdrawal of housing provident fund, and further simplified the process and materials for withdrawing the provident fund. At the same time, Beijing has continuously strengthened the support of the provident fund for renting houses.

　　In Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, from October 27th, employees no longer need to raise funds in advance when repaying loans. By hedging the loan repayment business, they can use the balance of provident fund accounts to offset personal mortgages, thus improving the efficiency of the use of provident fund.

　　Reform at the national level has also been advancing. From July 1st this year, the long-awaited national housing accumulation fund transfer and connection platform was put into use. The completion of the platform has built a bridge for the transfer of provident fund between different places, and realized that "accounts go with people and money goes with accounts".

　　How sick and questioned.

　　— — Road-finding provident fund: minor repairs or major changes (Part II)

　　Half-monthly talk with reporter Yu Xianhong and Lu Chang Tao Ye.

　　Although the provident fund system has accelerated the pace of reform in recent years, in the context of rising housing prices, many shortcomings of the provident fund system have been exposed, and the mutual protection function has been weakened, which has been questioned by the society.

　　Managing "multiple policies", the fund pools are isolated from each other.

　　Housing accumulation fund business is a quasi-financial service and is also considered as one of the largest policy financial resources. However, under the institutional mechanism of compartmentalization, it is difficult to exert its maximum efficiency and function.

　　The decentralized system is reflected in the "multiple policies" of housing provident fund management centers around the country. Vertically, the five-level administrative agencies mainly set up housing provident fund management institutions at the municipal level, without a top-down vertical management system, lacking unified business guidance and standards, and the housing provident fund management centers in various places are fragmented.

　　Horizontally, because there is no common subordinate organization at the national and provincial levels, the provident fund management centers are separated from each other, the business development is uneven, the information systems are very different, and there is no effective information circulation channel.

　　Taking Jiangxi as an example, Ganzhou Housing Provident Fund Management Center is attached to Ganzhou Finance Bureau, while Nanchang Housing Provident Fund Management Center is a public institution directly under Nanchang Municipal Government. It is also known that in some areas, there are still some hanging in the agency affairs administration. The nature of the units is also different, some are participating units, while others are public institutions.

　　A major drawback of decentralized management system lies in the lack of supervision. The Measures for Administrative Supervision of Housing Provident Funds stipulates that the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Provincial Housing and Urban-Rural Development Department, together with relevant departments such as finance, the People’s Bank of China (branches) and the China Banking Regulatory Commission (dispatched offices) at the same level, are responsible for administrative supervision of the management of housing provident funds in various cities, but there is only a loose supervision relationship from top to bottom, and all regulatory departments have not formed a joint force.

　　The essence of the provident fund center is territorial supervision, that is, the local government is responsible for the supervision of the deposit, use and value-added income of the housing provident fund, while local governments often lack the motivation to supervise. At the same time, it also brings a problem, that is, the housing accumulation funds in various places are not mutually recognized. Some cities are short of accumulation fund resources and even have to raise funds at high interest rates, while some cities have a large amount of idle funds deposited in their accounts.

　　"Unfortunately, the statistics are very large, but in fact the resources we can allocate are very limited. This needs top-level design to promote. We hope that at least we can carry out vertical management by province, allocate funds and try our best to make loans. " Xiao Wen, deputy director of Jiangxi Housing Provident Fund Management Center, said.

　　With the impact of high housing prices, provident fund loans are "riding a tiger"

　　Compared with commercial loans, the interest rate of provident fund loans is lower, which is favored by most property buyers. However, due to the relatively limited amount of provident fund loans, in many cities, its housing security function has been weakened by the rising housing prices in recent years.

　　"My overall feeling is that the earlier it is, the more obvious the function of provident fund housing security is." Xiao Wen said. National academy of economic strategy’s research also shows that in the eastern provinces with developed economy and higher housing prices, the fairness of housing provident fund is much lower than that in the western provinces with lower housing prices.

　　In the context of the rapid rise in housing prices, some buyers can only take the form of combined loans even if they use provident fund loans. It takes a long time and complicated procedures to use provident fund loans; No, I didn’t enjoy the policy benefits I should have. Employees are "riding a tiger" in using provident fund loans.

　　In September 2016, Beijing’s real estate market was extremely hot, especially in the stock housing market. It is nothing new for house prices to rise week by week and day by day. Liu Fang, who works in Beijing, decided to change rooms in early September. In order to prevent the seller from sitting on the ground and raising prices, she first finalized a 5.6 million yuan two-bedroom apartment and paid a deposit. Soon, she sold her original house for 4 million yuan and entered the so-called "chain list".

　　However, in the face of the difference in the need for loans, Liu Fang did not take the provident fund loan into consideration. "Portfolio lending is too slow, like me ‘ Serial list ’ Yes, the time requirement is very strict, the seller is waiting for money, and I also hope that the buyer of my house can get the full amount in place as soon as possible, so my requirement for the buyer is also the need for commercial loans. If you want to borrow the provident fund, you have to give me a high down payment. "

　　A real estate agent in Beijing told a reporter who talked for half a month that in fact, most buyers want to use the provident fund, but in Beijing, the total house price is four or five million yuan, and the provident fund loan can be up to 1.2 million yuan. Many just need to pay a high down payment, and the combined loan time is as long as two and a half months or even longer. It is almost impossible to rely on all commercial loans when the house price goes up. Most buyers can only buy a house through commercial loans, and then withdraw the provident fund once every three months to repay part of the monthly payment.

　　Weiye I love my family Hu Jinghui, vice president of the group, said that loans are the way that most people must buy houses at present. However, in a high-priced city like Beijing, most buyers have no choice but commercial loans because of the small amount of provident fund loans.

　　"Reverse Subsidy" raises the question of fairness

　　Many studies have found that in the use of provident fund, there is such a phenomenon: most employees pay housing provident fund, while only a few people who have the ability to buy houses enjoy low-interest loans from housing provident fund.

　　Hu Zuquan, an associate researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Office of the Economic Forecasting Department of the State Information Center, said that many depositors may never get provident fund loans and are forced to save at a level lower than the market interest rate to provide support for families with higher incomes who can get mortgage loans. This is actually a "reverse subsidy" for low-income people to high-income people.

　　In addition to the unfair use, the deposit coverage rate also has a more obvious phenomenon of "polarization between the rich and the poor". The research on "Income Difference of Housing Provident Fund Deposit Coverage in 2014" conducted by China Income Distribution Research Institute shows that the lower the income level, the lower the housing provident fund coverage, and the higher the income level, the higher the coverage. The difference between the deposit coverage of low-income and high-income people is as high as nearly 50 percentage points.

　　An interview with a reporter for half a month found that even in the same region and the same industry, there may be huge differences in the contribution of employees’ provident fund under the premise of the same proportion and base.

　　An employee of a financial enterprise in Beijing told the reporter that he personally pays the provident fund of 1,900 yuan per month. The students who work with them pay the same amount of provident fund every month in a public institution in the same system. After several years, the difference between the two people’s provident fund balances is tens of thousands because the other unit also pays more than 2,000 yuan of supplementary provident fund every month.

　　Ms. Xiao, who works in a large private enterprise in Beijing, said that when she signed a contract with the enterprise, her salary was 20,000 yuan per month before tax, but she found that the enterprise paid the provident fund based on the basic salary of 6,000 yuan. If the provident fund is regarded as "welfare", the amount paid into the provident fund is not directly proportional to her "high salary".

　　"I am not bad. It is difficult for employees of many small private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises to enjoy the protection of provident fund, which also causes unfairness within and outside the system." Ms. Xiao said.

　　Don’t change it! Where is the provident fund system going?

　　— — Road-finding provident fund: minor repairs or major changes (3)

　　Half-monthly talk reporter Lu Chang edifies Yu Xianhong.

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out, "Let all the people live and live." This is the general goal of the housing policy in the new era. The government will focus on supporting low-and middle-income people and new urban residents to solve the housing problem, and these groups are the weak links covered by the provident fund. From this point of view, the reform of the provident fund system is imperative.

　　The reform process needs to be accelerated.

　　Whether the provident fund system can maintain its vitality depends on whether it can keep up with the general trend of economic and social development. Experts pointed out that under the current provident fund system, informal workers, especially migrant workers, are basically excluded from the system, which is contrary to the development requirements of the new urbanization with "people as the core".

　　"The vast majority of non-public enterprises have not established housing provident fund, and individual industrial and commercial households, part-time employees, other flexible employees and migrant workers have not been included in the housing provident fund system. They are the key targets to ensure that all people live and live." Hu Zuquan, an associate researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Office of the Economic Forecasting Department of the National Information Center, said.

　　Especially with the acceleration of urbanization, the scale of population transfer from rural areas to cities is huge. Through housing security, farmers who enter urban employment can become citizens and smoothly integrate into urban life, which not only puts forward new requirements for the provident fund system to adapt to the diversified housing needs, but also puts forward new requirements for further expanding the coverage of the provident fund, improving the investment operation mode and strengthening organizational management.

　　Hu Zuquan believes that only by scientifically adjusting the provident fund policy, filling the loopholes in the system, strengthening supervision, expanding coverage, standardizing operation and providing quality services can we give full play to the due role of housing provident fund policy housing finance.

　　In November 2015, the Regulations on the Management of Housing Provident Fund (Revised for Draft) was publicly solicited for comments, which was the first revision of the regulations after 13 years. This revision mainly focuses on the deposit, withdrawal and utilization rate of housing provident fund, enhancing the liquidity of provident fund and promoting the preservation and appreciation of provident fund. The Legislative Work Plan of the State Council in 2017 includes the revision of the Regulations on the Management of Housing Provident Fund as an urgent project to comprehensively deepen the reform this year, and it is determined that the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will complete the drafting and revision.

　　"It has been two years since the revision of the housing provident fund management regulations was publicly solicited, but ‘ I only heard the sound of stairs, but no one came down ’ I hope that the revised regulations can be introduced as soon as possible. " Beijing citizen Chen Xi said.

　　The reform orientation is gradually clarified.

　　Experts believe that in the short and medium term, to improve the housing provident fund system, we should speed up the revision of the Regulations on the Management of Housing Provident Fund, and clarify its system positioning, service targets and policy objectives. "At present, China’s housing monetization reform has been basically completed. To achieve the goal of improving the housing level of urban residents, we should focus on improving the housing payment ability of low-and middle-income groups." Huang Yanfen, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, said.

　　Huang Yanfen believes that the housing accumulation fund system should be positioned as mutual housing policy finance under the background of the basic completion of housing monetization reform and the rapid advancement of new urbanization in China. This system orientation includes three aspects: mutual assistance, policy and financial attributes. The goal is to give full play to the function of housing provident fund system to improve the living standard of urban residents, especially low-and middle-income groups.

　　Wang Lina, a researcher at the Institute of Economics of China Academy of Social Sciences, said that an important orientation of provident fund reform is "returning power to empower". "Repayment of rights" is to give the owners of funds their due rights, such as knowing, participating, making decisions and using rights, raising deposit interest rates and sharing value-added benefits. "Empowering" means giving the provident fund more functions. In addition to buying houses, it can be used for renting houses and other housing consumption expenses.

　　Wang Lina believes that the current disclosure of relevant information about provident fund is not sufficient and transparent. For example, how much of the provident fund withdrawal is housing loan, how much is retirement withdrawal and rental housing withdrawal? Is the main source of value-added income from deposit and loan interest income or other investment income? How is it distributed and used? Which cities have capital precipitation or shortage? What is the root cause? Participants in the provident fund should understand these problems.

　　In addition, at present, the housing provident fund is limited to the limited use direction of funds such as house purchase, self-construction, renovation and overhaul, and the withdrawal under very few specific circumstances such as retirement, loss of working ability and going abroad to settle down. The application channels are narrow and the degree of convenience needs to be improved.

　　The interviewed experts pointed out that China’s housing provident fund system was established by learning from the experience of Singapore and other countries, but only learned "compulsory savings" and "low deposit and low loan", and did not establish a fair loan allocation mechanism.

　　There are still several fundamental differences between Singapore’s current central provident fund system and China’s provident fund system: First, Singapore’s central provident fund system is more compulsory, wider in scope and higher in proportion. Second, the deposit interest rate of the Singapore Central Provident Fund account is not a low interest rate, but is determined by the average interest rate of time savings deposits of the four major banks in Singapore. Third, Singapore’s central provident fund supports housing construction by purchasing bonds, while China’s housing provident fund mainly supports housing construction by means of loans.

　　The insiders believe that China should learn from international experience, speed up the innovation and transformation of housing provident fund system, establish a housing provident fund model in line with China’s national conditions, improve the adjustment mechanism of flexible deposit ratio that is suitable for economic and social development and housing price level, and improve the mechanism of provident fund supporting the construction of affordable housing and diversified housing consumption demand, so as to better help solve housing problems and reflect social equity.

　　The reform goal still needs to be explored.

　　The central government has proposed to study the reform of housing provident fund system in the direction of establishing residential policy financial institutions to support residents’ demand for self-occupation. In the long run, it is in line with the reform direction of national institutions to promote the transformation of provident fund management into policy-oriented financial enterprises in a timely manner, and it is also conducive to improving the efficiency of provident fund management and improving business services.

　　Gao Guangchun, an associate researcher in national academy of economic strategy, believes that the Regulations on the Management of Housing Provident Fund (Revised for Draft) improves the mechanism for the withdrawal and use of housing provident fund, which indicates that the use of housing provident fund has entered the stage of paying equal attention to the withdrawal of personal housing lease and personal housing purchase loans (including loans from different places). At the same time, the key issues that may be encountered in financial and policy reforms should be considered.

　　Yang Yumei, a researcher at China Institute of Income Distribution, pointed out that the plan of transforming the provident fund system into a policy-oriented housing savings bank means transforming the existing housing provident fund institutions at all levels into financial institutions. Different from the existing closed provident fund system, policy-oriented financial institutions are part of the financial system, and trillions of financial assets have great responsibilities for maintaining and increasing their value and operating safely.

　　Wang Lina suggested that it is not necessary to set up a national housing bank to promote the transformation of provident fund management to residential policy financial institutions, but it can be a housing mutual savings bank, a housing cooperative bank, or a housing provident fund asset management company. This means that its ownership form is not necessarily wholly state-owned, except the central government, local governments, financial institutions, powerful enterprises, provident fund managers and depositors can all become shareholders, and mixed ownership is conducive to amplifying the functions of state-owned capital and stimulating the vitality of private capital.

　　In response to the call for the housing provident fund system to be changed from territorial management to centralized management, some grassroots people believe that the balance of housing provident fund is originally at the local level, and it is bound to harm the interests of the local authorities if it is received by the central management agency in a compulsory centralized manner. How to break the territorial management system of housing provident fund and coordinate the relationship between the central and local governments is also a major difficulty in the reform of the provident fund system.

　　China’s National Bureau of Statistics recently released data that China’s gross domestic product (GDP) will be close to 100 trillion yuan in 2019. According to the annual average exchange rate, the per capita GDP has reached 10,000 USD. It took China less than 20 years from 2001, when per capita GDP exceeded $1,000, to 2019, when it jumped to $10,000. Foreign experts and scholars interviewed by this reporter believe that a big country with a population of 1.4 billion has achieved a per capita GDP of over 10,000 US dollars. "This is a miracle in the history of human social development." This proves that the development path chosen by China conforms to its national conditions, and the steady economic growth of China has injected a strong impetus into the world economic growth.

　　"The living standard of 1.4 billion people has been greatly improved, which is one of the fastest economic success stories in history."

　　"The development of China in the past 40 years of reform and opening up is one of the most impressive events in contemporary society, which is a miracle in the history of human social development." Francesco Maringio, president of the Italian New Silk Road Promotion Association, believes that China has steadily become the second largest economy in the world, and all China people have made great efforts to this end. "The course of reform and opening up has proved that China’s development path suits its own national conditions and is a successful innovation in Marxist theory and practice."

　　According to a report released by the Legaton Institute, a British think tank, in 2019, China rose 25 places to the 57th place in the global prosperity index, showing strong performance in health and economic quality indicators.

　　"The living standard of 1.4 billion people has been greatly improved, which is one of the fastest economic success stories in history." According to the website of Nikkei Asia Review, consumption has become the main driving force of China’s economic growth. What is important is that the consumption base is getting richer at the individual level and more diverse at the enterprise level.

　　"In the context of the overall sluggish world economic growth, this transcript is very eye-catching, indicating that the macroeconomic policies adopted by the China government have achieved remarkable results." Petrovsky, chief researcher of the Far East Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, believes that the most intuitive achievement of China’s economic and social development lies in poverty alleviation and the increase of people’s income. "Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago, the number of poor people in China has decreased by 850 million, and the income level of the people has greatly increased, which shows that ‘ No one can be left behind on the road to a well-off society in an all-round way ’ Not an empty talk, China is moving towards common prosperity step by step. "

　　From the international experience, the per capita GDP exceeding 10,000 US dollars is an important node for the development of countries with medium or above population size. Axel Goethals, CEO of the Institute of Asian Studies, a think tank of the European Union, believes that crossing this node means that the consumption power of China people is stronger, a huge market with great potential is emerging, and the resilience and stability of China’s economy are further enhanced.

　　China will be the most important market in the world for consumer-oriented companies.

　　Bloomberg reported that China’s economy stabilized in the fourth quarter of last year, and investment began to accelerate, indicating that China’s economy may usher in a stronger recovery. Andrew Tilton, an economist at Goldman Sachs, said that the China administration’s policies are long-term, with more emphasis on risk control and restrictions on short-term stimulus measures that may aggravate economic imbalances.

　　According to research by Christian Ruscher, an economist at the Cologne Economic Research Institute, China’s GDP increased by 6.1% in 2019 compared with the previous year, which was hard-won under the risk challenge and downward pressure. This shows that China’s economy is gradually transforming into consumption and service industry, and it is stronger on the whole.

　　At present, China is in a critical period of becoming a high-income country. We should continue to deepen reform and opening up, enhance the resilience of economic development, promote high-quality economic development, and let China’s economic development dividend continue to benefit the whole world. With the growth of GDP per capita, China’s huge consumer market has become a "gold mine" in the eyes of enterprises all over the world. Andy rothman, investment strategist of BenQ Asia, bluntly said that China is "the best consumer market in the world".

　　"China will be the most important market in the world for consumer-oriented companies." Ira Calix, global chief economist of Deloitte, believes that China’s economy will maintain steady growth, and the growth prospects in the consumer sector are very optimistic.

　　"In 2019, domestic demand contributed 89% to China’s economic growth, of which the final consumption expenditure contributed 57.8%, which shows that China’s economic structure is constantly being optimized." As the largest developing country in the world, China’s development means opportunities for the world, said Yukio Tsuda, a professor at Japanese Central University. The expanding scale of middle-income groups in China will further promote China’s economic growth, promote China to import more high-quality products and services, bring more dividends to all countries in the world, and help stimulate the sustainable development of the world economy.

　　"China’s economy will surely achieve long-term stability, prosperity and development and make greater contributions to the world economy."

　　"The economic data of China in 2019 once again shows that China’s development path has strong vitality." According to Alexander Lomanov, deputy director of the Institute of World Economics and International Politics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, China’s economy is progressing steadily, and the government has deepened reforms, improved various systems, and always insisted on opening up, which has achieved good results. "This once again strongly proves that China’s development path is in line with China’s national conditions."

　　Patricio Ji Ousteau, director of the Argentine China Strategic Cooperation Observation Center, believes that in recent years, China has taken a series of initiatives to expand its opening up. The unprecedented tax reduction and fee reduction policy, the Regulations on Optimizing the Business Environment, the formal implementation of the foreign investment law, and the deployment to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of service outsourcing & HELIP; … "China has been continuously opening to the outside world at a higher level, and its business environment has been continuously optimized, and its achievements are enviable. China has always adhered to the path of peaceful development and supported rule-based multilateralism and the multilateral trading system. I believe that China’s economy will surely achieve long-term stability, prosperity and development and make greater contributions to the world economy. "

　　"The economic data of China in 2019 shows the strong resilience of China’s economy, laying a solid foundation for the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way." Malinjiao said that the China government attaches importance to people’s needs, and "China is constantly turning its beautiful vision of socialist modernization into reality".

　　(Newspaper Rome, Moscow, Brussels, Washington, Berlin, Tokyo, Canberra and Buenos Aires, January 20th, by reporters Han Shuo, Zhang Xiaodong, Ren Yan, Wu Lejun, Hua Fang, Liu Junguo, Chen Xiaowei and Yao Mingfeng)

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 15th　Special feature: the glory of Silk Road, ancient and modern — — China and Central Asian countries draw a new picture of cultural exchanges.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Qiu Xia

　　The Millennium Silk Road is full of vicissitudes. The imprint of the blending of civilizations is fixed in the historical picture scroll and is not erased by time.

　　More than 2,000 years ago, Zhang Qian sent a mission to the Western Regions to open the ancient Silk Road across the east and west.

　　For more than 2,000 years, China and Central Asia have exchanged needed goods, learned from each other and helped each other, leaving stories and legends for the history of human civilization.

　　Civilizations communicate because of diversity, learn from each other because of communication and develop because of mutual learning. Today, China and Central Asian countries have inherited the Silk Road spirit of peaceful cooperation, openness, tolerance, mutual learning and mutual benefit, and are constantly pioneering and innovating in cooperation fields such as archaeology, education, health, tourism, journalism, and local exchanges, so as to jointly build a pluralistic and interactive cultural exchange pattern and make the friendship lasting for thousands of years more deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

　　This is a gold cup with cloisonne pattern, which was shot in Shaanxi History Museum on May 11th. In the Tang Dynasty, except for some objects with handles, they came directly from Sogdian in Central Asia, and some of them belonged to the works imitated by Sogdian in the Tang Dynasty. These objects are precious material evidence for the exchange and mutual learning between eastern and western civilizations through the Silk Road. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Yibo photo

　　The ancient city of Silk Road has a new look.

　　"The land is fertile, the crops are planted, the trees are lush, the flowers and fruits are luxuriant, and there are many good horses." More than 1,300 years ago, when Xuanzang, a monk in the Tang Dynasty in China, passed through Samarkand, a historic city in Central Asia, he recorded fascinating rich and beautiful scenery.

　　Samarkand, Tashkent, Bukhara … … Ancient cities, like pearls scattered along the Silk Road, connect the historical memories of friendly exchanges between China and Central Asia.

　　However, some ancient cities are in disrepair and need to be protected urgently; Some historical sites are lost in the dust of history, waiting for the moment when the "mystery veil" is unveiled.

　　In September 2022, during his state visit to Uzbekistan, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader prepared a national gift for President Mirziyoev — — Miniature model of historical and cultural relics of the ancient city of Shiva restored by China and Ukraine. On the eve of the visit, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader published a signed article in the Uzbek media, in which he specifically mentioned: "The protection and restoration project of historical sites in the ancient city of Shiva, which I started when I visited Samarkand in 2013, has been successfully completed, making the ancient city of Shiva even more dazzling."

　　"In the process of restoration, China experts and scholars live in Shiva, and discuss how to carry out their work better every day, and communicate and cooperate directly with local experts and people." Ma Chalib Abdulaev, deputy director of the Scientific Development Promotion Center of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, said that the restoration work is very difficult. While using modern technology, China experts pay attention to the use of local traditional crafts and materials, and always strive to preserve the original features of the ancient city.

　　"China experts always work very hard and treat the ruins of the ancient city of Shiva with care. In the process of working with them, I feel the sincerity of China experts and their cherished attitude towards Uzbek culture. I am very grateful and respect China experts. " Cormier Olimov, a local resident who participated in the restoration of the ancient city of Shiva, said.

　　This is the ancient city of Shiva, Uzbekistan, which was filmed on April 29th. Xinhua news agency

　　From the ruins of Mingtiepei ancient city in Uzbekistan to the ruins of Lachart ancient city in Isei Crate, Kazakhstan, and then to the ruins of Buddhist temple on the west side of Honghe ancient city in Kyrgyzstan, China and archaeologists from Central Asian countries have made concerted efforts to make the relics that witnessed the blending of civilizations reappear in the world through excavation results.

　　In June 2014, the Silk Road: Chang ‘an — The road network of Tianshan Corridor was successfully listed in the World Heritage List. The Millennium Silk Road, connecting points into a line and connecting lines into a network, is a powerful force for China and Central Asian countries to work together to protect cultural heritage.

　　Spring breeze melts rain and moistens peaches and plums

　　With the "Chinese fever" and "China culture fever" heating up in Central Asian countries, Confucius Institutes and Confucius Classrooms have long been "full of peaches and plums". In recent years, as a "rising star", Luban Workshop is building a new platform for vocational education exchanges and cooperation between China and Central Asian countries.

　　The first Luban workshop in Central Asia — — In Luban Workshop, Tajikistan, teachers from China and Tajikistan are conducting exchanges and discussions on thermal energy specialty. Unexpected challenges have made them difficult: there are differences in related formulas and numbers between the two countries. Even if the Chinese teacher speaks a sentence and translates it, the Tajik teacher still can’t understand it. After repeated discussions, teachers from both sides finally found an effective communication method — — Explain theoretical calculation in practical operation.

　　Luban Workshop in Tajikistan was jointly built by Tianjin Vocational College of Urban Construction Management and Tajikistan University of Technology, with urban thermal energy application technology and engineering survey technology as the co-construction majors. It has two teaching areas, namely, green energy training center and intelligent surveying and mapping training center, equipped with bilingual teaching materials, training equipment and information-based teaching resources.

　　"In Luban Workshop, we can learn to operate advanced equipment, which greatly improves our theoretical and practical knowledge." Saidov, a surveying and mapping student at Tajikistan University of Technology, said.

　　On April 12th, in the Luban Workshop in Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, Wu Zhengpeng (first from the back row), a teacher from Tianjin Vocational College of Urban Construction Management, explained the practical knowledge of surveying and mapping to students. Luban Workshop in Tajikistan is the first Luban Workshop in Central Asia. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Ospanov)

　　Shahriyol Sadurozoda, president of Tajikistan Luban Workshop and vice president of Tajikistan Technical University, said that thanks to the joint construction of the Belt and Road, with the joint efforts of the leaders of the two countries, Luban Workshop settled in Tajikistan, which promoted civilized exchanges and educational cooperation and became an example of friendly relations between Tajikistan and China.

　　In recent years, the road of educational cooperation between China and Central Asian countries has become wider and wider, the number of international students sent to each other has continued to increase, cooperation and exchanges between universities have become increasingly close, and the joint school-running model has been continuously expanded … … In January 2022, at the video summit of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and five Central Asian countries, China announced that it planned to provide 1,200 China government scholarships to five Central Asian countries in the next five years, giving priority to the establishment of Confucius Institutes and Confucius Classrooms in Central Asian countries.

　　Intersection across time and space centers

　　In Almaty, the largest city in Kazakhstan, there is a street named after China people’s musician Xian Xinghai, and there is also a street named after Kazakhstan musician Bahad Jean Baikadamov not far away. Two parallel streets record the friendship between two musicians during the war.

　　In 1940, Xian Xinghai was sent by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from Yan ‘an to Moscow to post-produce and score the documentary Yan ‘an and the Eighth Route Army. After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union in 1941, film production came to a standstill. In 1942, Xian Xinghai moved to Almaty. Unaccompanied, poor and sick, Xian Xinghai got selfless help from the Baikadamov family. In Almaty, Xian Xinghai composed famous music works such as National Liberation, and based on the deeds of Kazakh national heroes, he created the symphonic poem Oman Geld, which inspired people to fight against fascism.

　　Through time, the touching stories of the two musicians have been passed down from generation to generation. Erect monuments, hold concerts, publish books and co-produce films … … Their friendship has been celebrated and remembered, and it has become a precious spiritual wealth in people’s hearts.

　　On May 13th, 2019, China and Kazakstan co-produced the feature film "Musician" and held its premiere conference and ceremony in Beijing. The film tells the story of China musician Xian Xinghai who moved to Almaty during World War II and was rescued by Kazakh musicians in a cruel environment. The picture shows the film’s creative staff and guests taking a group photo at the premiere conference. Xinhua News Agency reporter Shen Bohan photo

　　Similarly, taking art as a bridge, in 2021, the animated short film "Song of a New China" created by Turkmenistan girl Chris in China was launched, which became an "explosion" of network positive energy. The short film of nearly 8 minutes vividly shows the birth process of March of the Volunteers and tells the story of its going from China to the world.

　　During the creative period, Chris and friends from China visited the National Anthem Exhibition Hall, Nie Er’s former residence, Nie Er Music Square, EMI Xiaohonglou and other places, collected a lot of written materials and remake more than a thousand old photos, and finally created a short film in the form of freeze-motion animation. "I am very happy to tell the story of the national anthem of New China in an innovative and interesting way. This story deserves to be understood by more people." Chris hopes to shoot more films in the future and show the world a real China.

　　In recent years, more and more young people from Central Asian countries have become attached to China and become ambassadors of friendship — — Ruslan, who donated panda blood, Ken Jebeyev, who fought against the epidemic several times, and Ma Wenxuan & HELIP, who lamented that "I am a foreigner, but not an outsider"; …

　　Navai, a famous Uzbek poet, said, "There is nothing better than living in friendship." Friends get closer, neighbors get closer. During the frequent visits, China and the people of Central Asian countries have closer hearts and deeper feelings, and will continue to jointly paint a beautiful picture of knowing each other, dating each other and interacting with each other. (Participating in reporters: Zhang Jiye, Li Ao)