In recent years, digital RMB has begun to enter the public’s field of vision. Let’s take a look at the new payment method of digital RMB with quick questions and answers.

What is digital RMB?

Digital RMB is legal tender in digital form issued by the People’s Bank of China. It is operated by designated operating institutions and exchanged with the public. Based on the generalized account system, it is exchanged with physical RMB 1:1 to form a legal tender system.

What’s the difference between digital RMB and paper money?

Although both digital RMB and paper money are RMB, they are essentially two different payment methods. There are the following differences:

Usage scenario: Paper money is mainly used for offline transactions, while digital currency can be used online and offline.

Holding method: Paper money needs to hold physical items, while digital currency holds and manages it through digital wallet.

Transaction efficiency: digital currency transactions are more efficient, especially cross-border payments. Because the traditional bank transfer needs to go through many intermediate links, which takes a long time, while digital currency can realize real-time transactions.

Anti-counterfeiting ability: digital currency has adopted advanced cryptography technology, which has higher anti-counterfeiting ability.

What’s the difference between digital RMB and WeChat and Alipay?

Although digital RMB, WeChat and Alipay are both payment tools, they are quite different in essence.

The issuers are different: WeChat and Alipay are electronic payment tools issued by third-party payment institutions, while digital RMB is issued by the People’s Bank of China in digital currency.

Different monetary attributes: WeChat and Alipay are payment tools, which have no monetary attributes and do not yet have the function of saving or investing. Digital RMB is a digital legal tender, which has many monetary attributes such as savings and investment.

Different security: The security of WeChat and Alipay depends on the technology and management level of third-party payment platforms, and there are certain risks. The digital RMB is more secure and reliable by adopting multiple protection measures such as modern cryptography and distributed ledger technology.

Different usage scenarios: WeChat and Alipay are mainly used for online and offline shopping, transfer and other payment scenarios, while digital RMB can also be used online and offline.

Different regulatory standards: WeChat and Alipay are non-bank payment institutions and are regulated by the Regulations on Payment and Clearing. Digital RMB is issued and managed by the People’s Bank of China, which is subject to stricter financial supervision.

Under what circumstances can digital RMB be used?

It can be used in many scenarios such as retail consumption, transportation, cultural tourism, government affairs, campus, medical care, business circle, finance, etc., and even some administrative organs and units implement full payment of wages in digital RMB. In the future, the application scenarios of digital RMB will be further expanded, such as electronic bills and cross-border payment.

Is digital RMB safe?

Digital RMB adopts a variety of security technologies, including encryption algorithm, distributed account book technology, smart contract, etc., to ensure the security and privacy of transactions. Nevertheless, any new technology has certain risks, and digital currency is no exception. Our government has strictly supervised and managed the design and operation of digital RMB to ensure the security and stability of digital currency. Therefore, digital RMB is a relatively safe payment method, and users can use it with confidence.

Can the payee reject digital RMB?

Digital RMB is the legal base currency, and the payee may not refuse to accept it, just as it may not refuse to accept paper RMB.

In the future, digital RMB will have more uses and scenarios. It is believed that with the rapid development of digital economy, digital RMB will also become an important force to promote China’s economic innovation and upgrading and build a new financial system. (xinye technology)

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 2nd Title: Consolidate the Foundation of "Stability" and Concentrate the Power of "Progress" —— Scanning the current economic and social development in various parts of the country

Xinhua news agency reporter

Spring is getting stronger, and it is warm and cold at first sight. At present, China’s epidemic prevention and control work is facing severe challenges, and the pressure of steady growth is increasing.

Xinhua News Agency reporters went deep into the front-line investigation and found that in the face of multiple pressures, all localities conscientiously implemented the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, and increased the intensity of precise prevention and control. At the same time, they tried their best to stabilize the chain, strive for steady growth, race against time to busy spring ploughing, and take many measures to benefit people’s livelihood … In coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, they made firm progress towards achieving the annual development goal.

Persistence is Victory —— Fighting against Epidemic and Grasping Development

The production line is running at a high speed, and the workers are nervous and busy, and the fiery breath of catching up is coming from the production workshop of fujifilm Manufacturing (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd.

"We must strive to get back the production time." The general manager of the company, Long Tail Minqing, introduced that it has contributed 70% of the global production of fujifilm Group. At present, on the basis of doing a good job in epidemic prevention, the company is making every effort to grab the progress by expanding the production team and working in two shifts.

The Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee meeting held on March 17th emphasized that it is necessary to make overall plans for epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, take more effective measures, strive to achieve the maximum prevention and control effect at the least cost, and minimize the impact of the epidemic on economic and social development.

Shenzhen is fighting at the same time on the "three fronts" of stopping the local epidemic, supporting Hong Kong in fighting the epidemic and ensuring the smooth and orderly operation of the city, and doing its best to prevent and control the epidemic in the city.

Adhere to the "one chain, one policy" and "one enterprise, one policy" to continuously enhance the resilience of the industry to cope with the impact of the epidemic; Take out real money to help market players to transfuse blood and promote blood circulation, reduce rent, reduce water and electricity charges, and delay the payment of social insurance premiums … It is estimated that the burden on market players will exceed 75 billion yuan.

Port is an important defense line for foreign defense input, and it is also an important link to stabilize the industrial chain supply chain and ensure the smooth internal and external circulation of the economy.

The reporter learned from the press conference held by the Information Office of Shandong Provincial Government on March 29th that the epidemic in Shandong Province since the end of February has been effectively controlled.

Even in the most tense stage of epidemic prevention and control, the fully automatic container terminal of Qingdao Port, Shandong Port, a northern port, is still around the clock. In the first quarter, the container throughput is expected to increase by 22.8% year-on-year, and the single-machine operation efficiency of bridge crane has set a new world record for loading and unloading efficiency for the eighth time.

Behind the "unmanned wharf" is refined control. "This achievement is hard-won, and every minute we strive for is crucial for ensuring a stable supply chain!" Li Bo, assistant general manager of the terminal, said.

It is particularly critical that the epidemic situation blocks the flow of people and ensures the efficient and smooth logistics, capital flow and information flow that support the stable operation of the economy.

Shanghai strives to "fight on two fronts", tries its best to curb the spread of the epidemic and make every effort to ensure the efficient and smooth flow of major arteries such as finance and trade.

Shanghai Stock Exchange, Shanghai Futures Exchange, China Financial Futures Exchange and other major financial factor markets all opened for trading on time, and smoothly completed all-day trading; Shanghai Port is still busy, and the container throughput per day is still around 140,000 TEUs …

To ensure the people’s normal production and life are stable and orderly, the supply of energy such as coal, electricity, oil and gas is the foundation, and the safe and stable operation of the chemical industry is very important.

Since March, the crude oil processing load of Jilin Petrochemical Company has been increased to more than 25,000 tons per day, and it has been actively optimized and adjusted according to market demand.

Facing the epidemic situation, Jilin Petrochemical quickly adjusted the management mode of production operation, implemented closed operation and grid management, and intensified special inspections in view of the characteristics of large temperature changes in winter and spring to ensure safe and stable operation of production and fully guarantee energy supply. (Reporter Chen Yuxuan, Wang Kai, He Xinrong, Ma Xiaocheng, Si Xiaoshuai reported)

Maintain strategic strength-stabilize the basic disk and anchor high quality

Prophet of Chunjiang plumbing "machine" Sany Heavy Industry’s "Excavator Index" based on the Internet platform of Shugen Internet shows that the average workload of excavators and truck cranes nationwide increased steadily in March compared with the previous two months, which means that a large number of key projects were started intensively, conveying a positive signal of steady growth in investment.

Under the current complicated and severe domestic and international situation, it is very important to maintain a stable economic operation in the first quarter and the first half of the year to achieve the annual goal.

Expanding effective investment is an important measure to promote the steady growth of expanding domestic demand.

The spring breeze in March swept the Liuyang River. On a construction site of Malanshan Video Wenchuang Industrial Park in Changsha, Hunan Province, eight excavators of the General Contracting Company of China Construction Fifth Bureau were under intense construction, and the engine roared one after another.

A publishing "DreamWorks" integrating creative center, media art center, publishing museum and other formats will rise. On the land of Sanxiang, 309 provincial key projects are accelerating this year, with a total investment of 1.89 trillion yuan and an annual planned investment of 452.7 billion yuan.

In Guizhou, with the comprehensive launch of the "East Counting and West Computing" project, local new infrastructure projects are being pushed forward.

In China Unicom’s an yun data center, the second-phase construction planning and preliminary preparations for civil works are in full swing. Guizhou plans to implement a large-scale promotion of digital facilities, and strive to invest 17 billion yuan in the field of big data throughout the year.

The busyness of coastal ports reflects the temperature of economic operation.

The whistle sounded, and the "Golden Star Brett" berthed at Tianjin Port Alliance International Container Terminal officially set sail. This "China-Australia Express" route, which was first opened in Tianjin Port, will put seven professional container ships between Tianjin and Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane in Australia.

"The opening of the new route has reduced the delivery cycle of enterprises from 50 days to 25 days, and the capital turnover is faster." Yu Guangzhu, marketing manager of Tianjin Wanda Tire Group Co., Ltd. said.

Take measures to stabilize foreign trade and help the economy run smoothly. According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs on March 7, in the first two months of this year, China’s total import and export value was 6.2 trillion yuan, up 13.3% year-on-year, of which exports increased by 13.6%, basically achieving a stable foreign trade.

If the grain is stable, the world will be safe, and the spring ploughing map is slowly unfolding from south to north.

The snow and ice in the black land began to melt, and spring ploughing was just the time. Farmers come in to buy seeds from time to time at Huifeng Seed Distribution Office in Lanxi County, Heilongjiang Province.

"Last year, I only planted 5 mu of soybeans. Because there are many subsidies for planting soybeans this year, I am going to increase it to 150 mu." Yue Wei, a farmer from Hongguang Town, Lanxi County, calculated an "economic account" for the reporter.

This year, the No.1 Document of the Central Committee proposed to vigorously implement the soybean and oilseed production capacity improvement project. Heilongjiang is the largest production and supply base of high-quality soybeans in China. This year, the soybean planting area will increase by more than 10 million mu, and the output is expected to increase by more than 2.6 billion Jin.

Have food in your hand, but don’t panic in your heart. To ensure the reasonable income of grain farmers, and not to miss the farming season, practical measures are being taken to ensure that Chinese’s rice bowl is firmly in its own hands.

From the construction site to the factory building, from the port to the farmland, we insist on stability and progress. With the gradual implementation of various policies, the powerful force to stabilize the macroeconomic market is growing; Firmly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, and new energy to promote high-quality development is being accumulated.

The robotic arm flips deftly, and the 1Hz low-power AMOLED display screen of the independent innovation product "spits out" neatly from the production line … The sixth-generation all-flexible high-definition AMOLED production line of Visionox production base covering an area of 745 mu in the north of Hefei, Anhui Province has been continuously running and supplying for 24 hours, and entered a new stage of capacity and yield climbing.

Rely on innovation to enhance the core competitiveness of manufacturing industry and cultivate new kinetic energy. In the first two months of this year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size in Anhui Province increased by 8.8% year-on-year, and the output value of strategic emerging industries increased by 19.4%, which was 3.2 percentage points faster than the industrial output value. (Reporter Bai Tiantian, Xiang Dingjie, Wang Jinghuai, Huang Teng, Ma Shurui, Zhang Jian reported)

Adhere to the people first-solve problems and benefit the enterprise and the people

A bowl of hot mutton soup exudes the fireworks of the city and conveys the confidence and warmth of individual merchants.

On March 24th, the day when the national policy of reducing or exempting the value-added tax for small-scale taxpayers was promulgated, Zhang Wenwen, the owner of Four Seasons Mutton Restaurant in Shuanggou Town, Suining County, Xuzhou City, delivered a bowl of hot mutton soup to every customer for free. Benefiting from the latest burden reduction policy, this mutton restaurant is expected to reduce the value-added tax by nearly 100,000 yuan for the whole year. "The country sent a’ big red envelope’ and we also sent a’ small gift package’."

About 2.5 trillion yuan-in recent years, the largest implementation of combined tax refund and tax reduction has begun. Recently, the central level has intensively introduced relevant burden reduction policies such as tax rebates, and local implementation and supporting measures have been released one after another.

Jiangsu, the introduction of "Su Zheng 40" precision drip irrigation small and medium-sized enterprises; In Liaoning, 445 preferential tax and fee policies are "free to apply and enjoy"; Gansu, providing "zero time difference" service for policy implementation …

"Cash flow is the lifeline. At present, our investment in Suzhou projects has exceeded 3 billion yuan. This year’s VAT refund will effectively ease our financial pressure and strengthen our confidence." Guo Xiangdong, deputy general manager of Innoseco (Suzhou) Technology Co., Ltd. said. The production lines of this unicorn enterprise in the third-generation semiconductor field are operating in an orderly manner, and the construction of the Suzhou R&D building project is accelerating.

Spring is getting stronger, and magnolia flowers are blooming. In order to promote the effectiveness of financial policies, Beijing has established a team of micro-financial service consultants to accurately pulse all kinds of enterprises and let financial institutions "dare to lend and be willing to lend".

"I didn’t expect the government to take the initiative to come to the door, and the first loan of 500,000 yuan from pure credit continued the life of the enterprise." Guo Yinlong, founder of Beijing Xiyou Food Technology Co., said that micro-financial service consultants helped them find guarantee companies, apply for guarantee fees and loan interest rate subsidies, and helped enterprises tide over the "cold winter" of funds until the spring of this year.

During the "Golden Three Silver Four" recruitment season, all localities are in full swing to promote employment. Focusing on key industries and focusing on key groups, new measures to promote employment have also come one after another.

"Recruitment of Web front-end development engineers, operation and maintenance engineers, IT engineers …" Chongqing Shangyou Technology Co., Ltd., a high-tech enterprise in communication technology, urgently needs to recruit a group of technicians recently. After posting the recruitment demand in Chongqing’s digital economy talent market, dozens of resumes were received soon.

In order to introduce digital economy talents, Chongqing Digital Economy Talent Market launched the "Online Talent Introduction Activity for Digital Economy Talents". By the end of March, more than 36,000 recruitment demands had been released by units that had attracted more than 1,700 households.

Liao Wei, a migrant worker from Renshou County, Sichuan Province, has just found a job in the human resources market in Jinjiang District, Chengdu, and is waiting to go to an employment enterprise by bus. "I am a welder, and I have negotiated a position with a company, with a monthly salary of more than 4,000 yuan. Looking for a job is quite smooth, and I am quite satisfied with this treatment. "

It is understood that Sichuan Province is in full swing to build a comprehensive service station for migrant workers in the province, and strive to open up the "last mile" of services to ensure the employment of migrant workers.

From the central government to the local government, from the city to the countryside, in response to the current complex situation, governments at all levels have strictly controlled various expenditures to live too tight, and saved the people to effectively improve people’s livelihood and well-being.

Loufan county, Shanxi Province is located in the hinterland of Luliang Mountain. This year, under the tight financial situation, it increased 20 million yuan to invest in education and awarded basic performance awards to more than 1,100 teachers in compulsory education in the county, so as to meet the requirement that the salary of teachers in compulsory education should not be lower than the average salary of civil servants.

I found that my monthly salary has increased by 1,830 yuan recently. Chang Yongchun, a teacher at Dujiaoqu Town Central School in loufan county, said with emotion: "It can greatly improve my life at home and let me take root in teaching in the countryside with peace of mind."

The spring is bright and the bees are dancing sweetly. Liu Fuhua, a poverty-stricken household in Jiangshan Village, Dongshang Township, Jinggangshan City, Jiangxi Province, has raised more than 70 boxes of bees this year, and with the income from working nearby, he can earn 100,000 yuan a year. Recently, he put buying a car on the agenda.

In order to cultivate modern agricultural industry and increase farmers’ income, Dongshang Township has integrated more than 30 mu of land with a total capital of 400,000 yuan, encouraging cooperatives to build demonstration bee farms and driving more villagers to participate in the "sweet industry".

Wind, frost, rain and snow can’t stop the pace of spring. As long as we strengthen our confidence, unite as one, consolidate the foundation of "stability" and unite the strength of "progress", we will surely reap fruitful results. (Reporter Pan Ye, Chen Xu, Ke Gaoyang, Chen Jian, Li Ziwei, Zhao Yang, Xiong Jialin and Guo Jiewen reported)

Reporter: Xie Xiyao, Zou Duowei, Liu Xiacun

　　() The Record Form of Investor Relations Activities was released on July 8, and the company was investigated by 31 institutions on July 7, 2022. The types of institutions are other institutions, fund companies, securities companies and sunshine private equity institutions.

　　The main contents of investor relations activities are introduced:

　　Fu Bin, the head of Sichuan Alte, introduced the company’s business, exchanged views on the spare parts business on the spot, and led investors to visit the production line.

　　Lin Ling, secretary of the board of directors of the company, communicated with you on the overall business and development of Alte. The key issues of this survey and exchange are as follows:

　　Q: General Manager Fu Bin, the head of Sichuan Alte, introduced Sichuan Alte.

　　A: Sichuan Alte is a new energy core component R&D and manufacturing company which is controlled by Alte, Chengdu Advanced Manufacturing and Longquan Investment. The main business is mainly devoted to the design, research and development, production and sales of new energy vehicle power systems. At present, our own products are mainly reducers and couplers, and we will provide a complete set of powertrain solutions for the main engine factory. The company was established in 2016. In 2017, it won the designated reducer of Honda, and began mass production of reducers in 2018. There are two assembly lines at present. At present, there are three types of reducer and coupler customers in the company (joint venture automobile enterprises, independent automobile brands and international head Tier1).

　　Q: Why doesn’t the company do mechanical processing, but only research and development, integrated manufacturing and integration?

　　A: First, the domestic supply chain resources are in a state of surplus. Second, the company has very strong supply chain management capabilities. In fact, the process of buying parts now is not only buying parts, but also cooperating with suppliers to further improve production capacity and accuracy and improve quality concept. We don’t have a simple business relationship with the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, but work together with them to improve the quality of our products and ensure the qualified rate of our products. In addition, from the perspective of enterprise development, we are now mainly engaged in the front-end design, development and assembly of the industrial chain, because its added value will be higher.

　　Q: There are also some all-in-one powertrain products on the market. What are the main customer types of the company’s all-in-one powertrain products?

　　A: There are indeed many all-in-one products on the market now, but in the order of 220 kilowatts, and really entering the mass production stage, there are actually very few products that can be stably supplied. 220kW is actually equivalent to the traditional 3.0t engine, so the models it carries are generally above Class B, mainly for some large cars such as SUVs. Our product is also in the research and development stage, and now it has not entered mass production. The characteristic of our product is that we are not a simple drive product, and some concepts of thermal management and domain control of the car have also been added. The highlight is that it is highly integrated and more modular, which can reduce the cost of secondary development for the main engine factory and reduce the use of chips. Judging from the current test data, the parameters of our products have certain advantages compared with the existing products on the market.

　　Q: Are all the products produced by the company self-developed?

　　A: Yes, all the products we produce are independently developed and designed, including the underlying architecture, including the upper and lower application layers. Among them, the domain control is developed by our Alte Group Company, which has a research and development team dedicated to the control field.

　　Q: The competition in the spare parts business is fierce. What are the advantages of ART in making spare parts, or what are the selling points that the company can impress customers to purchase our products?

　　A: Our company has a strict QCDS management system, and our competitiveness is reflected in Q (quality), C (cost), D (delivery period) and S (safety).

　　Q: How did the company win the designation of the international head part Tier1 German continental reducer?

　　A: At that time, mainland Germany was going to be a platform-based project. In order to find strategic partners for reducer products in the whole world, they made a relatively comprehensive evaluation system and launched a bidding in the German headquarters. Our company is one of the two enterprises invited to participate in the bidding in China after screening at different levels, and finally won the fixed point of reducer products.

　　Q: Will it be easier for us to win corporate orders after winning the fixed point in mainland Germany?

　　A: It may be a bonus, but it won’t make it easier for us to enter other car companies. Because other car companies, when evaluating companies, should consider technical strength first, and it is multidimensional. It is not a single product, but a comprehensive technical ability, including the ability of re-research, production capacity and supply strength. Existing customers are a reference of supply strength, and we still rely more on comprehensive strength to win customers.

　　Q: How is the skateboard chassis business going?

　　A: Art has been planning the skateboard chassis for a long time. Let me talk about the skateboard chassis from the strategic point of view to the details. Why does art make skateboard chassis? Based on two reasons, the first reason is that our company has been founded for 20 years. In these 20 years, we have successfully developed nearly 400 models for complete vehicles, including new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles. In the process, Alte’s chassis capacity and chassis data have been well accumulated.

　　The second reason is that we believe that in the new energy era, more intelligent and core technologies will be modularized and concentrated on the chassis. As a vehicle research and development enterprise, we caught this trend very early and laid out the chassis very early.

　　Although we all know the skateboard chassis, in fact, we think it is an iterative super chassis in the future. Such a super chassis will have the whole steering, control, domain control, intelligence, driverless and integration of energy and some controls. Our company’s several businesses about skateboarding chassis have been promoted smoothly.

　　Q: In addition to international customers, what is the progress of the company’s vehicle R&D business in China, such as technology companies or large vehicle companies that have entered the market one after another to build cars?

　　A: The company’s customer groups are evenly distributed, including international customers, joint ventures, independent brands and technology-based enterprises. The company has different solutions for different needs of different customers. For customers with high demand or increasing orders, some of us will set up subsidiaries, and some will set up business departments to provide targeted services. For large customers, the number of staff in our business department may reach several hundred.

　　Q: Can you share the company’s recruitment plan?

　　A: The company does not require a recruitment ceiling for the human resources department. We welcome more talents who are interested in vehicle research and development and related business of the company to join Alte.

　　Recently, many graduates have joined the ranks one after another.

　　Q: Is Gecko Technology, which the company participated in, currently financing?

　　A: Yes, Gecko Technology is financing Angel Wheel, and it is progressing smoothly. The project will land in Shenzhen, and the local government also attaches great importance to the project.

　　Q: The recurrence of the epidemic in the first half of the year may have a certain impact on the company’s project signing and delivery acceptance. It is better that we, as a research and development enterprise, will recover faster after the epidemic has eased. Although we can’t share specific data, can you give us a general introduction of the company’s performance in the first half of the year?

　　A: To be honest, when the epidemic was the worst in the first half of the year, I was still very worried about the company’s performance, but looking back now, Art has fully demonstrated its resilience in coping with difficulties. After the end of the first half of the year, we probably combed it. It can be said that although the performance in the first half of the year may not be too good, it will not be too bad, and investors need not worry too much.

　　Q: What is the difference between the ODM business that the company is trying to carry out and the OEM in the domestic automobile industry at present?

　　A: We still carry out ODM business based on the positioning of an independent third party, and will not be strongly bound to a certain customer, hoping to help more customers in need to develop and produce cars.

　　Q: What do you think is the market trend of ODM business? What is the proportion of fuel vehicles to complete ODM in mature markets?

　　A: Actually, we were paying attention to ODM before the company’s IPO, but the time was not ripe at that time. The acquisition of Tianjin Bojun equity is a good opportunity for the company to carry out ODM business, and we already have some interested customers. I don’t have international data at present, so it’s not easy to answer the market share of ODM, but you can see that companies like Magna have achieved relatively success in ODM.

　　In addition, China is the leader in the global new energy vehicle market, and the demand for ODM in the new energy market is not comparable to that of traditional fuel vehicles in the international market.

　　The main business of Alte Automotive Technology Co., Ltd. is the whole process research and development of new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles and other technical services related to the automobile industry. The company’s main products include V6 engines, couplers, reducers and range extenders.

　　Details of participating institutions are as follows:

Today, 50 years ago, he died for his country in a very heroic way. Today, 50 years later, the story of his dedication to his country is still earth-shattering. And his love for life and death with his wife Li Pei, and everything they have done for the country, is even more earth-shaking!

Fifty years ago today, in the early morning of December 5, 1968, people living near the Capital Airport in Beijing suddenly heard a deafening noise! A small plane suddenly crashed and plunged into the corn field near the airport!

The wreckage of the plane and charred bodies were scattered all over the place, and the scene was terrible. Soon, the search and rescue soldiers found a very shocking scene, with two charred bodies hugging each other tightly. They held each other tightly and died instantly, so the body was extremely stiff.

When people finally separated the two bodies by force, everyone immediately buzzed: between the chests of the two bodies, there was a leather briefcase! Although the briefcase was a little burnt, it was still intact under the tight embrace of two people. When people opened it, they found that it was a top secret document about the test data of thermonuclear missiles!

Seeing everything in sight, many people at the scene knelt down and wept bitterly. The two people who were burnt and still clung together to protect the documents were Guo Yonghuai, a scientist who returned from studying in the United States, and Mou Fangdong, his guard!

Twenty-two days after Guo Yonghuai’s sacrifice, China’s first thermonuclear missile was successfully tested and exploded, and the weaponization of the hydrogen bomb was realized.

On September 18th, 1999, Guo Yonghuai was posthumously awarded as a scientist with the medal of "Two Bombs and One Satellite" as a martyr. He is the only scientist among the founding fathers of "two bombs and one satellite" who has made important contributions in the fields of atomic bombs, missiles and satellites.

Guo Yonghuai, Li Pei and their daughter are in the United States.

one

Open life: from rural baby

To the world master of aerodynamics!

On April 4th, 1909, Guo Yonghuai was born in Rongcheng, Shandong Province, an ordinary farmer with a well-off family. He has been clever since he was a child and is regarded as the apple of his parents’ eye. At the age of 10, Guo Yonghuai was sent by his father to a school run by his uncle.

Since then, this gifted boy has started the mode of learning hegemony, from rural schools to the middle school attached to Qingdao University, and from the middle school attached to Tianjin Nankai University Preparatory Science and Technology Class. After studying in Nankai University for two years, in 1933, he was admitted to the Physics Department of Peking University! As a child in the countryside, Guo Yonghuai studied hard and passed all the way, and the hardships he paid can be imagined! In the summer of 1938, he took the most important exam in his life: the Sino-British boxer indemnity International Student Entrance Examination. Among more than 3,000 references, only one student was enrolled in Guo Yonghuai’s mechanical major.

But the test result is beyond everyone’s expectation. Guo Yonghuai got the same score of 350 with Qian Weichang and Lin Jiaqiao! Later, after the efforts of professors Ye Qisun and Rao Yutai, the three talents were lucky to be admitted together! A few years later, there were four young scientists from China who surprised the world around the famous physicist Von Carmen. Among them were Guo Yonghuai, Qian Weichang and Lin Jiaqiao, and the most famous one was Qian Xuesen!

Yung – huai Kuo

In the summer of 1939, Guo Yonghuai boarded a ship to study abroad. However, before the ship set sail, Guo Yonghuai angrily tore up his passport on the spot! At that time, during the Japanese invasion of China, it was not easy to study abroad, but Guo Yonghuai, who got on the boat, found that he had a Japanese visa on his passport! It says: Stop at Yokohama, Japan for three days.

Go ashore for a tour! Guo Yonghuai clenched his fist and would rather not study abroad than accept the visa of the invaders! In order to defend national dignity, he sacrificed this rare opportunity to study abroad, and together with more than 20 classmates, he immediately picked up his luggage and stepped off the ship!

In August, 1940, on the Russian cruise ship Empress. Right 3 Guo Yonghuai in the back row, left 1 Lin Jiaqiao in the front row and left 5 Qian Weichang in the front row.

It was not until August 1940, a year later, that Guo Yonghuai and his classmates set sail again. He, Qian Weichang and Lin Jiaqiao both entered the Department of Applied Mathematics of the University of Toronto, and it took them only half a year to get their master’s degrees at the same time. After finishing his studies in Canada, Guo Yonghuai entered California Institute of Technology in May 1941. He studied aerodynamics under the master of fluid mechanics von Carmen, who is known as the "father of aviation". Here, he met the best friend in his life and the person who influenced and changed his life-Qian Xuesen!

Young Qian Xuesen

At that time, although Qian Xuesen was only one grade higher than Guo Yonghuai, he became a professor and owned his own car because of his excellent studies! Compared with active Qian Xuesen, Guo Yonghuai is like a shy big boy.

Lin Jiaqiao and Li Pei in their 90 s

More than half a century later, Lin Jiaqiao, who is 90 years old, seriously said to Guo Yonghuai’s wife, Li Pei: Although Qian Xuesen has a car, he never drove us out to play, but did his research in a down-to-earth and earnest way! Because as soon as we arrived in the United States, we found that our previous knowledge was very limited, and we must work very hard to keep up!

(On February 3, 1947, Guo Yonghuai was at Langley Aviation Laboratory. The first row: right 4 von Carmen, left 2 Qian Xuesen, third row: left 2 Guo Yonghuai)

In 1945, Guo Yonghuai received his doctorate. After graduation, he went to Cornell University and became one of the founders of the Aviation Research Institute. At that time, Guo Yonghuai didn’t have a car, and he didn’t have much money. Qian Xuesen drove Guo Yonghuai in his car. Two young people traveled all the way across the United States, from west to east, and drove all the way from Sunshine California to Boston for more than 3,000 kilometers. Guo Yonghuai, who showed off his talents at Conor University, made a great breakthrough in science, and his research achievements made important contributions to breaking through the sound barrier and achieving supersonic flight. In addition to the breakthrough in research, he also gained his own love!

Young Li Pei

In 1947, Li Pei came to Cornell University to study economics! When Mr. Li Pei, who was in her 90s, recalled her love, she smiled and said shyly: He is not handsome, but he is tall …

At that time, Conor University often saw two young Chinese walking and chatting together!

And Li Pei, from the heart also more and more like the talented Guo Yonghuai. After dating for two years, they got married in new york in 1948. It was once a much-told story that a talented person matched a beautiful woman.

After marriage, Guo Yonghuai became famous for his achievements in the scientific field. At that time, he was not only a famous aerodynamist, but also a master of applied mathematics. But in Guo Yonghuai’s mind, he always had a firm idea: he must return to China and play for the new China!

2

Burn all the research papers

Just to serve the motherland

Like Qian Xuesen, Guo Yonghuai is also a great talent who is blocked by the United States and unwilling to let go!

In August 1953, following the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement between China and the United States, the U.S. government lifted the ban on China scholars leaving the country. However, this does not mean that China scholars can return to China at will, because the United States still sets up various obstacles and conducts various investigations on the grounds of "safeguarding national security".

For a while, Li Pei found that there were often some unidentified people sneaking around her house and peeping!

In 1956, Guo Yonghuai held a picnic before returning to China, and friends in the United States came to see them off. Guo Yonghuai made a surprising move at this party. He personally burned all his research results and materials in front of all his friends.

He threw thick manuscripts into the fire and burned all his hard work to ashes. Li Pei sees it in her eyes and hurts in her heart.

But she understands that this is to avoid being troubled by the US government. Guo Yonghuai comforted her: It doesn’t matter, the knowledge is in the minds of scientists, and they can’t take it away.

A family of three is in front of an American villa.

In 1956, the day before the National Day, Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai left their familiar American home with their young daughter, abandoned the three-story small foreign building in the United States and left for home!

When they returned to China to board the ship, they gave the car to the last person to see them off. Just as they have no nostalgia for America, they have no lust for money.

From a comfortable and spacious big house to a shabby and narrow small house. From a first-class laboratory to a small room decades behind for research. From a rich life with a high salary to a meager salary to barely make a living. It is hard to imagine how brave they were at that time to be willing to bear such a huge gap.

Finally, after more than a month’s sea journey, they finally returned to their motherland for 16 years. On this day, Guo Yonghuai and Li Pei have been waiting for too long … Some people say, "Why did their generation return to China at that time? A lifelong concern for the destiny of the country, this fearless sense of mission, is not something we can fully understand today. "

Guo Yonghuai, Li Pei and his daughter Guo Qin.

As soon as Guo Yonghuai returned to China, he received a letter from his good friend Qian Xuesen: Personally, I would like to welcome you and invite you to work in the Institute of Mechanics of China Academy of Sciences. We have prepared your office for you, which faces south and is on the second floor! There are light green curtains inside, and a row of pine trees looking out. I hope you can be satisfied. Your residence is very close to us, so it is a close neighbor!

Premier Zhou Enlai met Guo Yonghuai in Zhongnanhai and asked him what he wanted. Guo Yonghuai said anxiously, "I want to get into work as soon as possible …" After that, Guo Yonghuai devoted himself to the research and guidance of superb aerodynamics, explosion mechanics, electromagnetic fluid mechanics, flight mechanics and solid mechanics.

He never takes a break on Sundays and holidays. He often goes out early and comes back late, burying himself in his book and even having no time to listen to music. Two boxes of new records brought back from the United States have never been opened. He likes collecting stamps and photography very much, and now he is too busy …

In 1961, the 26th World Table Tennis Tournament was held in Beijing. The Chinese Academy of Sciences issued two tickets to Guo Yonghuai and Li Pei, but Guo Yonghuai left in the middle. He said that watching the China table tennis team win glory for our country, he was also very anxious, and he wanted to go back to work immediately and strive for early success.

Guo Yonghuai took out all the books and materials he brought from the United States and gave them to the Institute of Mechanics. Even the joystick computer he regarded as a treasure was brought to the Institute. Even the refrigerators and other electrical appliances at home have been moved to the unit, and the Institute of Mechanics has become Guo Yonghuai’s second home after returning to China.

In 1959, the Soviet Union withdrew all its experts and refused to provide China with the mathematical model and technical data of the atomic bomb. One day in March, 1960, Qian Sanqiang, who was later called "the father of China’s atomic bomb", suddenly came to Guo Yonghuai’s office and invited him to take part in a top secret mission of the country!

It was this visit that Guo Yonghuai’s name was associated with China’s atomic bomb. 105 experts and scholars formed a special team, and Guo Yonghuai was officially appointed as the vice president of the Ninth Hospital, responsible for the theoretical exploration and development of the atomic bomb.

three

For that rising mushroom cloud

He is desperate to keep the "top secret document"

Because of the special national task, his wife Li Pei knows nothing about her husband’s work! In the morning, Guo Yonghuai also secretly conducted nuclear weapons research and development, and in the afternoon, he conducted mechanical research as the deputy director of the Institute of Mechanics. In order to ensure confidentiality, the driver in Guo Yonghuai never changed!

In 1963, the technical backbone personnel of nuclear weapons development moved to the newly-built nuclear weapons development base in Qinghai. Before Guo Yonghuai left.

Li Pei silently helped her husband pack, but she knew nothing about where her husband was going. In the plateau at an altitude of more than 3,800 meters, the lowest temperature can reach MINUS 40 degrees Celsius. In the days when the atomic bomb test is about to enter, Guo Yonghuai often works for more than ten hours, and sometimes even stays up all night!

In 1967, Wang Ganchang (left 1), Peng Huanwu (left 2), Guo Yonghuai (left 3) and Deng Jiaxian (right 2) were in Xinjiang Nuclear Test Site.

He and many nuclear scientists understand that the development of a nuclear bomb is undoubtedly a life-and-death test for new China. Guo Yonghuai didn’t let the guards spread the mattress when he slept. The guards were puzzled. He said, "When you sleep on an iron bed, you will wake up with pain when you turn over, so that you won’t let yourself sleep and you can continue to work."

In the 1960 s, Guo Yonghuai took the explosive forming specimen in his hand.

Hearing this, the guards secretly hid to one side and wiped their tears.

Qinghai Nuclear Test Base at an altitude of 3,800 meters is surrounded by the endless Gobi Desert, where nothing grows, yellow sand is all over the sky, oxygen is scarce, and the temperature difference is great. Coupled with the lack of nutrition, many staff members have severe altitude sickness. Guo Yonghuai, who is over 500 years old, has gray temples and looks older every day. On the afternoon of October 16th, 1964, there was a loud noise in Lop Nur, and China’s first atomic bomb exploded successfully.

When everyone cheered and was immersed in great joy, Guo Yonghuai fainted at the experimental site because of fatigue.

On October 3rd, 1968, Guo Yonghuai came to Lop Nur experimental base again to prepare for the experiment of China’s first thermonuclear missile!

On December 4, 1968, at the critical moment of China’s first thermonuclear missile experiment, Guo Yonghuai, who had been in Qinghai for more than two months, returned to Beijing with important data files found in the experiment! After a night’s voyage, the sky gradually turned white, and the plane finally reached the terminal and began to slowly lower its altitude. No one expected that when it was more than 400 meters from the ground, the plane suddenly lost its balance. Suddenly fall, from 400 meters to the ground, only less than 10 seconds …

There were more than a dozen people on the plane, only one survivor. He later recalled that when the plane was shaking violently, one person shouted "My briefcase!" " In the end, as people can see, Guo Yonghuai and the guard, Xiao Mou, embraced each other tightly, protecting this valuable information for the development of thermonuclear missiles. At the age of 59 when he died …

The news of the plane crash in Guo Yonghuai first reached the State Council. Premier Zhou Enlai burst into tears and remained silent for a long time, then ordered a thorough investigation of the accident. But until today, the cause of the plane crash is still a mystery! Guo Yonghuai’s wife, Li Pei, didn’t say a word after hearing the bad news, but she just choked back her tears! After learning the news of Guo Yonghuai’s sacrifice, Qian Xuesen cried on the spot …

China’s first thermonuclear missile was successfully launched!

On December 25th, 1968, the 20th day after the plane crash, China’s first thermonuclear missile exploded successfully, and Guo Yonghuai devoted too much effort here!

But at this moment, Guo Yonghuai will never see it again!

four

To Guo Yonghuai and Li Pei.

With the highest respect!

In 2007, it has been 39 years since Guo Yonghuai passed away!

Half a century later, China is strong enough, and those superstars who once shined on the historical stage have all become old people, and their light has gradually dimmed! This day is Qian Xuesen’s 96th birthday, and 90-year-old Li Pei specially came to congratulate him!

At this time, Qian Xuesen’s language expression was not clear, but his first sentence was actually: How many children do you have now?

90-year-old Li Pei smiled and replied: I don’t have any now! There was silence at the scene, and Qian Xuesen probably never thought that this smiling old lady had been living alone for so many years. In 1997, Li Pei and Guo Yonghuai’s only daughter, Guo Qin, died of cancer.

Li Pei and his daughter Guo Qin

Losing her husband in middle age and her daughter in her later years, Li Pei suffered too many hardships in her life. But she has not forgotten her husband’s last wish-to build the motherland.

At that time, English education in China was very backward. Without a teacher, she took the risk to find a "Rightist" professor. Without a textbook, she wrote it herself. She trained the first batch of master’s and doctoral students in New China.

When she was over 70 years old, she was still on the podium, giving lectures to doctoral students for several hours. Actually, she never sat down and gave a lecture, and always stood on the podium in a proper way, because she said, "Be a teacher." One of her students once said, "I have met many good teachers in my life, but" the greatest teacher I have ever seen is Mr. Li ".

Nearly a hundred years old, she still insists on grooming, putting foundation on her face and painting thrush. Because she also asks herself to be a teacher, that is, to respect the students. On September 18, 1999, Li Pei sat in the Great Hall of the People, and the state awarded 23 scientists the medal of "two bombs and one satellite". Her husband, Mr Guo Yonghuai, was the only martyr among the 23 "two bombs and one satellite" founding fathers. He is the only scientist who has made great contributions to the development of atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs and artificial satellites.

This is the highest honor given to Guo Yonghuai by the state! Four years later, Li Pei donated this medal of two bombs and one star, which is 8 cm in diameter and 99.8% pure gold and weighs 515 grams, to China University of Science and Technology.

Li Pei donated the "two bombs and one satellite" meritorious medal to the University of Science and Technology of China!

She also donated all her life savings: 600,000 yuan to the Institute of Mechanics and 300,000 yuan to China University of Science and Technology. There is no ceremony, just like dealing with an electricity bill. With such a large denomination of money, the old man said, "Donation is donation, and what ceremony is needed."

Li Pei is giving a lecture

For decades, Li Pei has been living in her old building with Guo Yonghuai in Zhongguancun, and the room has been preserved with the decorations of Guo Yonghuai before his death. This person she loves most has always lived in her heart! She said: There are many of his books and his favorite things in this house, as if he had never left and had been in this house all the time …

In her small living room, there are few things. The legs of the gray cloth sofa are crooked. However, on Guo Yonghuai’s 104th birthday, she donated all the articles that accompanied her for decades to the Institute of Mechanics: the commemorative seal, exquisite slide rule and longines pocket watch that Guo Yonghuai used before his death, and the glasses and watches blackened by flames when Guo Yonghuai died in 1968. This is all her possessions, and also her last possessions …

In her later years, Mr. Li Pei almost never mentioned her deceased friend. She sometimes stood on the balcony for hours at a time. No one can tell, what kind of pain did she suffer?

On January 12, 2017, Mr. Li Pei also left forever. She was finally reunited with her husband and daughter who missed her day and night …

In Tomb-Sweeping Day in 2017, Mr. Li Pei’s ashes were buried together with Mr. Guo Yonghuai’s ashes under the bronze statue of Guo Yonghuai …

In July 2018, the International Asteroid Center officially named the asteroid No.212796 as "Guo Yonghuai Star" and the asteroid No.212797 as "Li Peixing". Guo Yonghuai and Mr. Li Pei, as the stars that shine and inspire us, continue to shine.

Today, it is Mr. Guo Yonghuai.

The 50th anniversary of his death!

Remember their first and last names,

Appreciate their merits!

Guo Yonghuai, Li Pei, gentlemen, through the ages!

References:

CCTV’s "Everyone, Two Bombs, One Star, Guo Yonghuai", "Forever the Spirit" and "Guangming Daily" September 12, 2017

Biography of Guo Yonghuai, historical materials of science and technology in China, by Li Jiachun and Dai Shiqiang, and by Chloe Wang, chief producer of Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Text: Beiyangjun

This article is reproduced from the WeChat WeChat official account "Beiyang House" (ID: bypm 2016). The original text was first published on December 5, 2018. The original title was "50 years ago, a plane with top secret information crashed! Today, remember Guo Yonghuai! ",the original text has been deleted, which does not represent the view of the think tank.

Producer: Yu Xia

Editor: Dai Lili Li Yibo

Editor: Xie

Original title of this article: "Fifty years ago today, he used his life to protect a top secret document! Twenty-two days later, China shocked the world with it! 》

The Lunar New Year is approaching, and the spring of the "rabbit" in the game industry in 2023 is approaching.

Looking back on the past year, due to the economic downturn and the game version number policy, the growth rate of the domestic game market slowed down. Especially in the boutique new game market, there may be an empty window period.

According to competitive statistics, in 2022, the average number of new mobile games in the domestic market was about 128, which was a grade worse than the previous year. The products that can be stable in the Top10 of the game bestseller list are basically old acquaintances, and the "new faces" are either rare or "three-minute fever".

Of course, from the perspective of coping strategies, the key words emphasized by game manufacturers in 2022 are "going out to sea/globalization" and "revival of old products/sustainable operation". However, with the normalization of game version numbers and the resumption of the issuance of imported game version numbers, the new game market should glow in the new year in 2023. Some of these products are not only concerned by players, but also may affect the domestic revenue and strategic planning of game manufacturers.

The biggest surprise left for the game industry in 2022 is the "December Edition". The wish before the New Year’s Eve has not been made, but it will become a goal to be achieved after the countdown.

Among the 128 new version numbers (on December 28, 2022, 84 domestic version numbers and 44 imported version numbers were issued), many games were regarded as heavy products of head manufacturers, and some even called them "new tours that have been available for many years".

In response to the question mentioned by some netizens that "after the game gets the version number, it needs to go online within one year, otherwise the version number will be withdrawn", Jinghe consulted a number of practitioners in the industry, and their unified reply was: I have not heard of such a rule.

It is understood that the game that has obtained the version number may need to re-apply when the big version is updated, but it is not a re-application for the version number but a similar nature of content review. Of course, there are also cases where it is necessary to apply for a new version number, such as category change (originally MMO changed to FPS) or other particularly big changes, not to mention the registration number.

It is difficult to guess the online time of the product if we only cut in from one information point of the version number. Just like Tencent’s "Dungeon and Warriors Mobile Games" won the version number in 2017, but the game Hanbok was officially launched in March 2022, and there is no clear news about the national service so far.

Simply put, manufacturers are different in the pace of promoting new products.

Considering the past year or so, the domestic new travel market is relatively barren. First of all, players are very concerned about when these boutique games will go online; Furthermore, we hope that we can start with the version number, testing and operation information, look forward to the changes in the new game market in H1 (the first half of 2023), and guess whether the so-called "empty window period" will last.

On the other hand, in 2022, domestic manufacturers set off a "resurrection stream" to cope with the previously unclear industry environment.

Jinghe was also mentioned in the article "New Tour Version No.,Old Product Resurrection, Game Manufacturers Dare to Fight 2023", including Tencent’s Master of Rhythm, Netease’s Mystery Fight, Perfect World’s My Origin, etc., which may be a win-win solution for game manufacturers to give consideration to cost performance and players’ sustenance.

What needs to be mentioned is that in the same period, the news that Netease Blizzard stopped cooperation was exposed (the termination time was January 23, 2023). On the one hand, we feel sorry for this, on the other hand, we also see the opportunities brought by a large number of users flowing into the market after Blizzard games stopped in China.

For example, Mihayou Genshin Impact has built-in resident card game "Call of Seven Saints" and Netease’s World of Warcraft Veterans’ Clothing, etc., and it may be hoped that products such as Blizzard’s Hearthstone and World of Warcraft will be intercepted or correspondingly accepted.

Considering multiple factors such as version number and industry environment, Jinghe thinks that H1 in 2023 may be a good opportunity for major manufacturers to rally. In other words, if there is a so-called "empty window period", it is highly possible for manufacturers to speed up the process of launching new tours.

Judging from the implementation rhythm of major manufacturers at this stage, some of their heavy products are already preparing for listing.

According to the general understanding, if the new game needs high-density localization testing and optimization after obtaining the version number, it will generally be launched more than half a year later than the international service/Taiwanese service. Taking League of Legends as a reference, the online time of national service is 10 months later than that of international service/Taiwan service.

Of course, the time lag of some global simultaneous release products may be smaller. For example, Netease’s Diablo: Immortality is only one month away from the international service; Miha travels to Genshin Impact for global synchronous beta.

What needs to be put forward is that it is not impossible to get online quickly after the new game is issued with the version number, while ensuring the product quality. On January 10, Ali’s game Linxi Entertainment "Three Kingdoms War Chess Edition" started the paid beta.

Judging from the whole pace of innovation, the edition number was published and issued on December 28, 2022 (the trial time was December 10, 2022), and it was newly registered in WeChat official account on December 27 of the same year for certification. On January 6, 2023, the "Three Kingdoms War Chess Edition" released the test information and started the test on January 10. The interval between before and after is less than half a month.

In addition, according to a senior player of the Three Kingdoms Strategic Edition and the anchor of the Three Kingdoms Warfare Edition, the Warfare Edition will be officially launched in Q1, 2023.

Taking this as a reference, the "new year’s goods" reserved by Tencent and Netease are also expected to be launched in H1 in 2023. According to the incomplete statistics of competitive core, there are about 20 products that Tencent and Netease are currently preparing/researching. However, judging from the version number, testing and the rhythm of official community operation, the former may have some advantages in the first half of 2023.

As shown in the above figure, Tencent has obtained the version numbers of 16 games, including many imported heavyweight games such as Fearless Contract, Ark of Destiny, Pockmarked Dream Gathering, Dungeon and Warrior Mobile Games. Among them, the version numbers of the first three products are all batches in December 2022.

According to the public information and the official community information of the products, the first three works are subscribed by official website News, and the official WeChat official account of Ark of Destiny and Pockmarked Dream Assembly has also been certified and launched.

In addition, on January 11th, Tencent IEG K1 Cooperation Department released the social recruitment of "Ark of Destiny" project, including senior game planner and senior brand manager.

It should be pointed out that Jinghe believes that Tencent’s four imported games are expected to be launched in H1 in 2023, and there are other reasons: First, four high-quality games have performed better overseas, and landing in the national service will reduce the domestic revenue pressure in tencent games; Second, at this stage, the four products may be able to fill the market or step on the hot spots in the category.

For example, "Fearless Contract" itself has become one of the most mainstream FPS game projects and e-sports brands overseas. In 2022, Q1 and Q2 will hit a new high in running water and monthly activity, and become an important growth section of Tencent’s overseas game business. With the end-game service of FPS, such as Watch the Pioneer: Return, Night of the Fortress, etc., Fearless Contract is expected to become a new fan of FPS core players.

In addition, Tencent has obvious advantages in issuing DAU products and establishing e-sports events in China. On January 11th, Fist Games appointed Lin Song, the former head of Fist China E-sports and Tengjing Sports, as the president of global mobile business development. In addition, FPX has announced the establishment of a fearless contract division. According to industry sources, LGD, LNG, BLG, etc. are also preparing related teams.

All these factors and signs may also indicate that the fearless contract will be launched soon.

Looking at Netease again, games that have already won the version number, such as Ghost Story, Fantasy Life, All-Star Street Party and Rush to the Top, may also hit the corresponding category market in H1.

Frankly speaking, among the products that Netease is known to be developing, four martial arts products, such as "Going Against the Water", "Never Robbed", "Shooting Carvings" and "Sixteen Songs of Yanyun", may have higher attention. At present, these four products have not been issued version numbers yet, but they have been/are being tested, or are expected to officially meet players in 2023.

In addition to traditional giants such as Tencent and Netease, the works of the four little dragons in Shanghai games in the past two years are also the focus of attention in the circle.

First of all, watch Miha Tour. Previously, the company exposed new works under research, including Collapse: Star Dome Railway, Zero Zone, and the closed Project SH. Among them, the first two works were tested in May and August last year, and the market response was quite high.

Considering that the current two gamesDidn’t get the version number. In addition, on January 10th, some media reported that Mihayou said that the company began to enter the contraction cycle. The first is to resume the reasons for the closure of Project SH, and the second is to summarize the crisis of "big company disease" after the company’s crazy expansion in the past two years. To some extent, the offensive pace of Mihayou can also be condensed into the development and changes of the industry in recent years.

In view of Mihayou’s control over the project quality and the internal adjustment of the company at this stage. Perhaps, the two new works are still some time away from the official launch of the national service.

The situation of Shanghai’s four little dragons is similar to that of Miha Tour, which should be paper folding. On the one hand, the company also reported that there were several projects shut down and internal adjustment problems last year; On the other hand, although the company published two masterpieces, Hundred Faces and Thousand Faces and Infinite Warmth last year, the product is still in its infancy from the real machine demonstration screen, and the version number has not been obtained yet.

Looking at the eagle horn, it has always been a low-key type. The company’s first buyout two-dimensional new work "From Stardust" was exposed in September 2021, and the invitation to play in the alpha stage was opened in August last year. It is reported that the work is still in the early stage, and the overall development progress seems to be less than that of "next door". In addition, the work has not yet obtained the version number.

Lilith, by contrast, moves a little faster. Life of the Party, a leisure social game owned by the company, was published in April last year, and in November of the same year, SLG’s new work "Medal of War" was published.

According to the previous announcement issued by Lilith, the Medal of War will be open beta in April 2023; Life of the Party has been researched and developed for more than three years, and has been tested overseas. Perhaps it will not be too long before it goes online.

Looking back on 2022, the game industry suffered a lot of pressure, but some people turned this pressure into the driving force of "breaking the cocoon into a butterfly". Looking forward to 2023, perhaps the domestic new tour market will live a "green and yellow days", but this time should not be too long. We believe that domestic game manufacturers can bring a "rabbit" spring to the game industry in 2023, and continue to provide players with a good game experience.

　　In recent years, Korean society is increasingly dissatisfied with the phenomenon of economic polarization, collusion between government and business, and unfair market, and there are growing doubts about several major chaebol family businesses that account for a considerable proportion of the Korean economy.

　　During the election campaign, President Moon Jae in promised to break the privileges of the chaebol, and soon after taking office, he appointed the famous "chaebol sniper" Jin Xiangjiu as the chairman of the Fair Trade Commission. The public will wait and see the final result of this action to rectify the chaebol.

　　Collusion between government and business jeopardizes market fairness.

　　With the frequent exposure of negative news by South Korean chaebol groups, incidents such as internal struggles and bullying of chaebol family members have occurred from time to time, and people and the media have become increasingly disgusted, and the phenomenon that chaebol enterprises hinder market fairness has also caused more reflection.

　　In the eyes of Korean nationals, a chaebol is like a huge "empire", its tentacles often spread to all walks of life, and the core executive positions are also inherited among family members. In addition, according to a survey in March this year, among the 310 family members of the top ten chaebol in South Korea, 94 people are married in business, accounting for 30.3%; 60 people married in politics and business, accounting for 19.4%.

　　According to the standards set by the Korea Fair Trade Commission, there are 45 chaebol enterprises in Korea, of which the assets of the top 10 chaebol enterprises account for more than 27% of the national total.

　　Last year, South Korea exposed park geun-hye’s "cronies in politics" scandal, and the details of the alleged trading of power and money by chaebol such as Samsung Group were constantly exposed. Samsung Group spans nearly 60 industries, including electronics, shipbuilding, construction, insurance, theme parks, advertising and film production, and its influence extends not only to the economic level, but also to the political and social levels.

　　On August 25th this year, Lee Jae-yong, the vice president of Samsung Electronics and the actual controller of the group, was convicted of bribery, misappropriation of public funds, illegal transfer of assets, concealment of criminal income and perjury, and was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment in the first instance. The court found that in order to get the help of then President park geun-hye in the process of inheriting the management right of Samsung Group, Lee Jae-yong paid bribes in the name of sponsoring the equestrian training of Zheng, the daughter of park geun-hye’s "confidant" Cui Shunshi.

　　According to the prosecution, Lee Jae-yong promised and actually bribed South Cui Shunshi a total of 43.3 billion won (about 250 million yuan) in exchange for the policy convenience given by the park geun-hye government in the merger of two subsidiaries of Samsung Group in 2015, which helped Lee Jae-yong, as the vice president of Samsung Electronics, strengthen his control over the whole Samsung Group.

　　"The essence of this case is the collusion between the government and the chaebol," said Jin Zhendong, the presiding judge, when reading the verdict. "This kind of collusion not only existed in the past, but still exists in the real society, causing irreparable trauma to the people of the whole country."

　　It is against this background that the call for reforming the chaebol is getting louder and louder, and with the Moon Jae in administration coming to power in May, the time seems to have arrived.

　　People who have received much attention are looking forward to rectification.

　　As early as the beginning of the presidential election in January this year, "rectifying the chaebol" became one of the key topics of concern for Korean voters. In order to conform to the people’s voice, the main popular presidential candidates vowed to reform the operation mode of the major chaebol even before they officially announced their candidacy for the presidency.

　　For example, former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon returned to Seoul on January 12th and was interpreted by the outside world as preparing to run for the presidency of South Korea. Before the plane landed, he told the accompanying reporter of South Korea’s Central Daily News: "I think reform (chaebol) is imperative. The chaebol controls everything, so that small and medium-sized enterprises can’t survive at all. The influence of the chaebol is too great, causing conflicts between classes. "

　　In Ban Ki-moon’s view, the chaebol economy intensifies social injustice, for example, "even if the sub-contractors complete the same work (with the chaebol enterprises), they can only get 60% of the benefits. A series of problems have arisen from this. "

　　At that time, Moon Jae in, who led the polls and was finally elected president, made an earlier statement, revealing the intention of rectifying the chaebol enterprises and breaking the privileges of the chaebol. On January 10th, he promised to implement a series of chaebol reform measures, focusing on the top ten chaebols. Among them, the four most eye-catching chaebol companies are Samsung, Hyundai, SK Group and LG Group.

　　Moon Jae in’s ideas at that time included many "bold ideas". For example, a director of a chaebol enterprise should be elected by ordinary employees. At that time, Li Zaiming, the "dark horse" of the presidential campaign and the mayor of Chengnan City, put forward a more radical idea, saying that "the chaebol enterprises must be separated from the chaebol families", and he even shouted the slogan of "dissolving the chaebol".

　　Liu Chenglian, the orthodox presidential candidate, is an economist. In his view, the Korean economy is "not a free market economy at all", but a "jungle economy dominated by several chaebol". Therefore, "we need to carry out the reform of the chaebol as radically as possible under the constitutional framework".

　　In this social atmosphere, it is not surprising that the first ministerial official nominated by Moon Jae in after he became president in May was the chairman of the Fair Trade Commission. The Fair Trade Commission is a ministerial-level enterprise regulatory body, focusing on unfair market behaviors such as price manipulation.

　　Kim Sang-jiu, the new chairman of the Fair Trade Commission nominated by Moon Jae in, is 55 years old. He used to be a professor of economics at Seoul National University. He is a famous "chaebol reformist" in South Korea and has always advocated the establishment of a transparent and fair market system. According to South Korea’s "Central Daily News", Kim Sang-jiu was familiar with the inside story of the big consortium and provided a lot of information about Samsung Group during the prosecution’s investigation of the "pro-government" case.

　　The new official issued an "ultimatum" when he took office

　　Since Jin Xiangjiu took charge of the Fair Trade Commission on May 17th, it is widely expected that the Moon Jae in government will strengthen the supervision of chaebol enterprises.

　　Sure enough, shortly after Jin Xiangjiu took office, it was convenient for him to interview kwon oh-hyun, vice president of Samsung Electronics, Zheng Zhenxing, president of Hyundai Motor, and senior executives of LG Group and SK Group on June 23, and talk to them about various ideas about chaebol reform. The Korean media noted that this is the first time since 2004 that the Chairman of the Fair Trade Commission has interviewed representatives of the four major chaebol enterprises.

　　Jin Xiangjiu mentioned in this interview: "The economic environment is changing rapidly, and the attitude of the people towards chaebol enterprises has also changed significantly. In my opinion, chaebol enterprises failed to meet market expectations. Some chaebol enterprises have become global enterprises, but the life of most citizens has become more and more difficult, which shows that there is a big problem that cannot be ignored. "

　　Jin Xiangjiu said: "I am not saying that all these problems are to be blamed on the chaebol enterprises. But I clearly believe that it is necessary for chaebol enterprises to reflect on the past history. "

　　The interview was facilitated by the Korea Federation of Industry and Commerce. In a statement, the Federation said: "This is a good opportunity to exchange potential economic countermeasures, and we will also strive to find concrete measures to improve the fair trading market environment."

　　On September 1, Jin Xiangjiu issued an "ultimatum" to the chaebol enterprises, ordering the major chaebols to reform the corporate governance structure before December this year, otherwise the government will "do it yourself".

　　The chaebol groups named by Jin Xiangjiu on the same day include Samsung and Hyundai. He has repeatedly said that Samsung Group should reduce cross-shareholding and increase governance transparency. In his view, if Hyundai Group does not step up rectification, it will follow the footsteps of Samsung Group. It is reported that Hyundai Group’s recent poor performance has suffered setbacks in Korean, American, China and other markets.

　　Jin Xiangjiu introduced that the Fair Trade Commission has conducted a preliminary investigation on the chaos such as the abuse of power by the management of the chaebol group, and found that the chaebol group with "as many as two digits" violated regulations, and will conduct a more in-depth investigation next. If the major chaebol enterprises do not implement positive reforms before December this year, the Fair Trade Commission will take strong measures such as promoting the revision of the company law.

　　Looking back at the chaos, be wary of rushing.

　　This is not the first time that Korean society has called for the reform of the chaebol.

　　According to the South Korean media, the first strong call to urge the reform of chaebol was after the 1997 financial crisis. Many people realize angrily that the chaebol enterprises have kept an ambiguous close relationship with government departments and banks, and they have been out of supervision for a long time, so that many loan funds are wasted on the inefficient projects of the chaebol enterprises, while the projects with more potential and innovative value of small and medium-sized enterprises are stifled because they have no access to loans. At the height of the financial crisis, more than 3,500 companies in South Korea filed for bankruptcy every month.

　　In that financial crisis, the International Monetary Fund rescued South Korea, and the South Korean authorities subsequently introduced a series of regulatory measures to rectify some chaos in the financial sector, such as prohibiting the subsidiaries of chaebol from guaranteeing each other when applying for loans.

　　Cross-holding is a prominent feature of chaebol enterprises. According to the statistics of the Fair Trade Commission, at the peak of 1999, the cross-holding ratio of Korean chaebol enterprises reached 43%. After the Korean government gradually introduced regulatory measures in recent years, this proportion has declined.

　　Due to the lack of transparency in the internal governance of chaebol enterprises, there is also a strange phenomenon called "Korean discount" in the Korean stock market, that is, the share prices of chaebol-related enterprises will be lower than those of similar enterprises in overseas stock markets. Analysts said that this highlights investors’ concerns about corruption such as illegal operations and collusion between government and business in South Korean chaebol enterprises.

　　Earlier this year, Cheongwadae said in a statement that Jin Xiangjiu became the first ministerial official nominated by the new President Moon Jae in, which showed that it was almost impossible to survive the economic crisis under the premise of unfair market environment. The new government will be committed to creating a fair market environment to help the economy recover.

　　According to Jin Xiangjiu’s idea, the reform of chaebol should not be rushed, and the concerns of all parties should be fully considered. He hopes that the chaebol enterprises can carry out reforms spontaneously in order to make a smooth transition. (Special correspondent of this newspaper Yang Shuyi)

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued an orange warning of snowstorm at 06: 00 on November 16th: It is estimated that there will be heavy snow in parts of central and eastern Heilongjiang and central and eastern Jilin from 08: 00 on November 16th to 08: 00 on November 18th, and there will be heavy snow in parts of eastern Heilongjiang and central Jilin, local heavy snow or extra heavy snow. The newly added snow depth in these areas is 10-18 cm, and the local area is more than 20 cm. The main snowfall period is from the 16th day to the 17th day.

　　It is estimated that there will be heavy snow in parts of central and eastern Heilongjiang and eastern Jilin from 08: 00 on November 16th to 08: 00 on November 17th, among which there will be heavy snow (10 ~ 12mm) in eastern Heilongjiang. The depth of newly added snow in some areas above is 3 ~ 5cm, and the local area can reach more than 7cm.

　　From 08: 00 on November 17 to 08: 00 on November 18, there were heavy blizzards in parts of central and eastern Heilongjiang and central and eastern Jilin, and heavy blizzards (30-35 mm) in parts of eastern Heilongjiang. The newly added snow depth in these areas was 8-15 cm, and the local area was more than 18 cm.

　　Defense guide:

　　1. The government and relevant departments shall, in accordance with their duties, do a good job in the emergency work of snow disaster prevention and freezing injury prevention;

　　2 transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments should strengthen the inspection and maintenance of roads, railways and lines, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting;

　　3. Reduce unnecessary outdoor activities;

　　4. Reinforce temporary structures that are easily crushed by snow, such as scaffolding, and drive outdoor livestock into the shed to feed.

Recently, the authoritative journal of oncology in China, Chinese Journal of Oncology, published the Analysis of the Epidemic Situation of Malignant Tumors in China. The report published the incidence and death of cancer in China, and for the first time provided the epidemic situation of major cancer spectrum in various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government).

Malignant tumor has always been a major cause of death among domestic residents. The national death cause monitoring report shows that malignant tumor ranks first in the cause of death, accounting for 24.09% of all deaths, which is higher than the global average of 17.83%.

The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest.

In recent years, the number of people suffering from cancer and the number of people who died of cancer in China have been rising. According to the latest data, there are about 4,064,000 new cases of malignant tumors in China, including 2,234,300 males and 1,829,600 females, with a crude incidence rate of 2,939.1/100,000.

The data show that the most common malignant tumor in China is lung cancer, with the incidence of 828,100 cases and the crude incidence rate of 58.89/100,000, accounting for more than 20% of all malignant tumors. This means that in China,One out of every five patients with malignant tumor is a lung cancer patient.. Globally, lung cancer accounts for 11.6% of all malignant tumors, which shows that lung cancer is relatively high in China.

In addition, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer are also malignant tumors with high incidence in various places, ranking among the top five malignant tumors with the highest incidence in China, just like lung cancer.

Lung cancer is also the first malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate in China, followed by liver cancer and gastric cancer. Among the top ten malignant tumors with the highest number of deaths, high-incidence malignant tumors such as colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer also entered the list. In addition, the incidence of leukemia and lymphoma was relatively low, but the number of deaths was high, which also entered the top ten.

The incidence of lung cancer is the highest

In all provinces of China, lung cancer is the most common cancer except Tibet, Gansu and Qinghai. The highest incidence in Gansu and Qinghai in the northwest is gastric cancer, and the highest incidence in Tibet is liver cancer.

Colorectal cancer, as a "rich disease" with higher incidence in areas with high human development index (HDI), is the second most common category in Beishangguang.

Esophageal cancer, which is considered to be related to eating pickled food, is high in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Henan, ranking third.

In addition to the top five malignant tumors, there are more differences in the incidence of different malignant tumors between regions.

Nasopharyngeal cancer ranks 20th in the incidence order of malignant tumors in China, but it ranks in the top 10 in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Guizhou and Jiangxi in the south, while it is less common in the north. For example, in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Heilongjiang and Gansu, the number of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer ranks 23rd.

Thyroid cancer is the second largest cancer after lung cancer in Tianjin, Zhejiang and Xinjiang, and the incidence of thyroid cancer ranks seventh nationwide.

Overall,Colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and breast cancer are more common in developed areas.

Shanghai’s cancer survival rate has improved.

Cancer is the second cause of death among Shanghai residents.

According to the latest data released by the Shanghai Municipal Health and Health Commission, the three most common cancers in Shanghai areLung cancer, colorectal cancer and thyroid cancer.

According to the latest data released this year by Shanghai Health and Health Commission, with the improvement of medical conditions, the promotion of early screening, health education and health promotion of cancer prevention and treatment, the five-year survival rate of cancer patients in Shanghai has reached 56%, which has been rising continuously for more than ten years.

In addition, the early diagnosis rate of common malignant tumors in Shanghai has increased to 42%, which is 3 percentage points higher than the data published in 2021, which has won prime time for the treatment of more patients.

As far as the incidence and mortality of cancer in Shanghai are concerned, the incidence rate has increased from 5.46/100,000 two years ago to 6.23/100,000, and the mortality rate has increased from 2.56/100,000 to 2.61/100,000. Experts believe that this is mainly caused by the aging population structure in Shanghai. After removing the aging factor, the standardized cancer mortality rate of Shanghai residents is lower than the national average, which is 42% lower than that of more than 40 years ago.

It is worth noting that since 2013, the community colorectal cancer screening in Shanghai has achieved remarkable results. This year, it will continue to implement the "colorectal cancer screening for community residents" and provide free colorectal cancer screening services to 400,000 residents.

The cancer mortality rate of men is higher than that of women.

There are obvious differences in cancer burden between urban and rural areas and between men and women.

On the whole, the cancer burden in cities is heavier than that in rural areas.

The incidence of urban malignant tumors is 2,495,900, accounting for 61.41% of the total incidence. You know, the proportion of permanent residents in cities and towns to the total population was 57.35%. The number of cases in rural areas is 1,568,100, accounting for 38.59%.

In terms of incidence, the incidence of malignant tumors in urban areas is 1.9638/100,000, which is 7.8% higher than that in rural areas (182.21/100,000).

From the cancer spectrum of high incidence, lung cancer is the most common cancer in both urban and rural areas, and the second highest incidence in urban areas is colorectal cancer, while in rural areas it is gastric cancer.

cityThe top five high-incidence malignant tumors in the region are as followsLung cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and female breast cancer.The top five high-incidence malignant tumors in rural areas are lung cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer.

However,The mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas is lower than that in rural areas.The standardized mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban areas is 104.44/100,000, and that in rural areas is 108.01/100,000.

In terms of gender, the incidence rate of women in the age group of 15~49 is higher than that of men, and that of men over 50 is higher than that of women; However, the cancer mortality rate of men is significantly higher than that of women after 35 years old, and the difference increases with age.

The most common cancers in men are lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer, while those in women are breast cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer.

In addition, in the incidence spectrum of men, prostate cancer and bladder cancer have an obvious upward trend in recent years, ranking sixth and seventh respectively, which should be paid special attention to in the future tumor prevention and control.

　　CCTV News:The 9th is the anniversary of the 74th anniversary of the victory of the Great Patriotic War in Russia. As usual, a grand military parade will be held in Moscow’s Red Square. On the morning of the 7th local time, Russia held the general rehearsal of this year’s Victory Day military parade. In this rehearsal, a total of 13,000 officers and men, 132 weapons and equipment and an air formation consisting of 74 aircraft symbolizing the 74th anniversary of the victory of the Great Patriotic War appeared.

　　Walking phalanx mechanized square and air formation

　　The entire parade lineup consists of three parts: the trekking phalanx, the ground mechanized square team and the air formation.

　　This year, a total of 35 trekking phalanxes participated in the Victory Day military parade. According to the usual practice, the drum band phalanx of "Moscow Military Conservatory of Music" took the lead in the entrance and kicked off; This year’s phalanx also includes for the first time the phalanx of "Moscow University of the Ministry of Interior of the Russian Federation", the phalanx of female soldiers of "zhukov Air and Space Defense Military Academy" and the phalanx of "Military Academy of Russian Federation Investigation Committee".

　　Followed by the ground mechanization team that attracts much attention every year, the T-34 tank that made great achievements during the Great Patriotic War is still at the forefront; The latest generation of Russian main battle tank T-14 Amata tank has become the focus of this mechanized team because of its excellent protective ability and the latest military technology. At the same time, classic mechanized equipment such as "iskander -M" tactical missile system, "Jarls" strategic missile system and "boomerang" armored transport vehicle also appeared; The fleet of air defense systems displayed the air defense missile systems of Doyle -M2, Beech -M2, Armor -M and S-400.

　　The air formation was led by the world’s largest transport helicopter "Mi -26", and four "Mi -8" helicopters took the lead in flying over Red Square; The upgraded A-50U early warning aircraft also joined the parade formation on Victory Day for the first time in four years. Il -78 aerial tanker and Tu -95MS strategic bomber demonstrated the aerial refueling status on the spot; The famous "Russian Warriors" and "Swift" air show teams drove five Su -30SM fighters and four MIG -29 fighters in a diamond shape in the air to complete the difficult "kubinka Diamond" stunt; Finally, six Su -25 attack planes sprayed white, blue and red tail smoke symbolizing the flag of the Russian Federation from their tails and flew over Red Square, ending the general rehearsal of the military parade.

　　The biggest attraction is that the latest weapons and equipment will be unveiled.

　　The general rehearsal of the military parade announced the military parade lineup in advance. Then, what changes have taken place in this year’s Victory Day military parade and what are the highlights? Let’s take a sneak peek. The biggest attraction of the Red Square military parade is the latest equipment of the Russian army. Besides main battle tanks and missile systems, what else?

　　This year, Russian airborne troops will walk through Red Square with the latest AK-12 assault rifle. The AK-12 is developed by Russia and equipped with Russian troops.

　　journalist"You must have shot with this gun?"

　　Students of Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School in Margelov, Russia.Yes, this is the first time to show this type of weapon on the Red Square parade. It is the most convenient weapon.

　　This year, the improved Tu -95MS strategic bomber will fly over Red Square, which can carry X-101 missiles.

　　Russian military expert Konstantin SivkovThe X-101 missile is a unique missile with a range of about 5,000 kilometers. Cruise missiles Imagine a radius of 12,000 kilometers of aircraft activity and a missile range of 5,000 kilometers. What we get is actually a global weapon. "

Author | Amy Wang

In 2011, seven companies, including LeTV, Tencent, Excited, Thunder, Storm Video, PPTV and PPS, jointly established a movie network cinema distribution alliance, and put forward the concept of "unified online time, unified broadcast quality and unified tariff" to promote the pay-on-demand mode of film and television dramas. At that time, there were less than 7,000 screens in China cinemas, and the annual output of movies was about 500. Almost half of them could not escape the fate of a one-day tour. This cooperation is the first time that a long video has moved from behind the scenes to the stage. On the one hand, it officially opened the content payment, on the other hand, it publicly declared war on piracy.

Ten years later, in 2021, Ai Tengyou co-sponsored the 2021 online movie Spring Festival, announcing that two blockbuster films, The Diary of Making a Rich, directed by Tang Jili, starring Wang Baoqiang and directed and directed by The Legend of Shaolin Temple and Song Xiaobao, and starring Sha Yi, Mary and Zray, will land on three platforms on New Year’s Day in PVOD mode. At the same time, the three platforms also officially announced more than 40 new online movies and limited cinema blockbusters, and made concerted efforts to "online Spring Festival files".

At this time, although the number of cinemas in China is nearly 80,000, and the annual output of movies is 650, China has become the second largest ticket warehouse in the world, but the problems of difficult film arrangement, high screen vacancy rate and high operating cost of cinemas still exist.

In the past ten years, the Internet and content industry in China have developed at a high speed, and the copyright protection war has been fought round after round. Content payment has finally changed from bud to mainstream, and the dream of one person, one vote to order new cinema films on the Internet has blossomed.

After 2020, almost no one doubts about watching movies on the Internet (PVOD). Whether the epidemic is over or not, the pattern that cinemas are the only mainstream distribution channel for big movies is changing, along with the relationship between upstream studios and cinemas, and this change is permanent.

Streaming media is rapidly reshaping its right to speak in film distribution around the world, and the commercial achievements of subscription payment prove that the new era of film distribution is striding forward.

The "variables" of the Spring Festival file are still there, and both online and offline are prepared.

Filmmakers dare not relax until the last moment of the Spring Festival.

After the collective withdrawal of Spring Festival movies, the closure of cinemas and the strict attendance rate a few days before the release last year, the 2021 Spring Festival movie is always burdened with great uncertainty.

Compared with the movie box office, the bigger proposition is that during the whole Spring Festival holiday, all the people in China may have to cancel many offline entertainment arrangements because of the social restrictions of the epidemic. In response to the epidemic prevention policy, migrant workers who choose to spend the New Year on the spot have to endure the pain of not being reunited with their relatives … Whether this Spring Festival file can provide sufficient and rich entertainment content choices for the people of the whole country is a test for the entire film and television industry.

This year, seven blockbusters, including Detective Chinatown 3, Hi, Mom and A Writer’s Odyssey, competed for the Spring Festival stalls in the cinema, and The Legend of Shaolin Temple’s "Diary of Making a fortune" was first published online at the beginning of the year to wish the New Year.

However, cinemas are still full of variables during the Spring Festival holiday. For example, Beijing has just issued a regulation that the attendance rate of cinemas should not exceed 50% during the Spring Festival holiday, which may be followed by other cities in the country. In addition, the uncertainty of the outbreak may also make some cinemas in high-risk areas unable to open, which tests the temporary resilience of all parties concerned, such as cinemas, third-party ticketing platforms, marketers and filmmakers, and of course directly affects the itinerary of the audience. When offline viewing is affected, whether online viewing can withstand it is also a major test for Ai Tengyou.

Last year, online and offline, I was at a loss for emergencies. Except for a few films that choose to be distributed online, the new film resources of the whole Internet cinema obviously cannot meet the huge online demand. On many occasions this year, the relevant persons in charge of Aitengyou’s three platforms all said that the new anxiety in long video movies was not alleviated until The Eight Hundred went online. It can be seen that, first of all, for the entire film industry, online and offline have always been interdependent and complementary; Secondly, when the demand for online movies is increasing rapidly and Internet viewing is becoming more and more mainstream, the filmmakers who choose to distribute the films in different lines are also very courageous and business-minded.

In order to cope with the Spring Festival holiday full of variables but peak demand with offline, after more than a year of exploration and attempt, the strategies of iQiyi and other three platforms have become quite mature. In previous years, online Spring Festival files were mostly based on operations. This year, the three platforms took the initiative. In addition to selecting new online movies with quality and theme suitable for the Spring Festival broadcast in advance, they also actively cooperated with cinema blockbusters to conduct on-demand in PVOD mode. In an interview, Li Jinhan, the producer of the film "Diary of Making a fortune", said that it was decided to release it online in August and September last year. It can be seen that this year, filmmakers and video platforms have not been idle about how to solve the impact of objective factors on the film industry.

The Internet has come to this day because of its undifferentiated ability to provide diversified choices for diversified people. The arrival of watching new movies online is more powerful for those who have no choice.

First of all, the big screen can’t cover the audience who want to watch new movies so much, especially the users in low-tier cities and rural areas below the third line, who can order new movies on their mobile phones indiscriminately; Followed by art theaters or niche fans, who suffer from high reputation but low film scheduling, can now pay for their favorite art films to CALL. Of course, the online cinema market is far more than serving these segments. When more and more large new films are distributed online, buying tickets online to watch movies will also become the viewing choice of all online users.

Online and offline participation in the Spring Festival stalls will protect the important ceremony of watching new films and blockbusters during the Spring Festival, and also bring incremental distribution and consumption to China films.

Online movie distribution also requires differentiated operations.

Last year, Universal Trolls World Tour took the lead in the distribution of streaming media in PVOD mode, which caused a polarized discussion in the industry. At that time, cinemas and film industry had not clearly realized how much COVID-19 had dealt a blow to the film industry. Streaming media soon proved itself, and many shelved blockbusters came out, and many studios on the verge of bankruptcy came back to life. At the same time, big studios such as Universal and Warner did not fail. Nowadays, PVOD is popular all over the world, and more and more top filmmakers in Hollywood begin to embrace streaming media boldly.

Tang Jili, the director of The Legend of Shaolin Temple, is the first to test the PVOD mode in the Spring Festival. He thinks that the Internet and the cinema are equal media channels, and it is very good for people who make content to choose one more choice. He does not think that choosing the Internet is a compromise. He also stressed that in the future, movies will no longer be distinguished by their distribution channels. It can be seen that many top filmmakers are willing to choose the Internet, and many times the society’s perception of the separation between cinemas and streaming media is one-sided and extreme.

However, we have to admit that the PVOD VOD model is still in its early stage, and there are not many mature case references about what type, what theme, how many movies are suitable for the network, and how much commercial space it can have, which may be the main reason why many filmmakers hesitate. At present, the split box office record of online movies is 56 million for daoist magic (about 160 million for cinema box office). The fact is that the cost of many cinema blockbusters may exceed this number. How much box office volume can PVOD create? How much commercial value does it bring? Still waiting for more adventurous filmmakers to "eat crabs." I have to admit, how many treasures can be dug from the large plate with a unit price of over 100 million members, both for content and courage.

When iQiyi tried to release movies in PVOD mode, it simultaneously launched an online cinema brand "Super Cinema" in July last year. "Super Cinema" is not a "big network" as understood by the public, but an online cinema with more brand operation thinking opened in the content pay circuit. At present, it is only open to cinema-level movies that meet certain production standards and are willing to choose the network premiere.

Of course, the content in the "super cinema" is higher than that of ordinary online movies in terms of time and capital investment, and the income of movies released by online cinemas is naturally higher. At present, "Super Cinema" has launched the action comedy "Flying Dragon Crossing the River" directed by Jing Wong, the high-profile literary film "Spring Tide" and "Spring River Plumbing", the special effect IP blockbuster "Journey", the overseas animated film "Spongebob: Rescue Adventure" and other new films, and the addition of two comedy films created by a strong team in 2021 "Online Spring Festival File" also shows the strong tolerance and distribution potential of online cinemas.

Differentiated brand strategy is another difference in the trend of film online distribution mode. Last year, Iqiyi successfully built a mystery drama brand named "Mist Theater". Now when it comes to Mist, users naturally associate it with the best suspense drama series in China, and online cinemas need a strong brand to carry the brand precipitation with good reputation in the future. Unlike "Mist", online cinemas need more types of themes. At present, what video websites can do is to continuously accumulate and break through one theme type by one, and finally create a gold-lettered signboard for online distribution of movies. Iqiyi Super Cinema is a prototype, but it still has a long way to go.

Ten years of online cinema, the fight is technology and mode.

Moving cinemas to the Internet is not a practice after the COVID-19 epidemic, but an idea that has emerged since the advent of the Internet.

In fact, ten years ago, the movie channel Movie Network launched a single-point payment viewing mode very ahead of schedule. It was the first to test Jiang Wen’s "Let the Bullets Fly", which created 200,000 hits in 20 days at the price of 3-5 yuan on demand, bringing nearly one million online incomes. Unfortunately, at that time, the long video scuffle, the source of income was advertising, and online piracy was also very serious. Single-point payment was not promoted and gradually replaced by membership.

In addition to Internet companies, many cinemas have also tried to invest in research and development of apps and websites to build their own online viewing ports to meet the needs of viewers to watch movies at home, but in the end there were no successful cases due to immature technologies or models.

Gao Qunyao, who led Wanda’s acquisition of AMC and Legendary Pictures and served as the CEO of Wanda Culture Group’s international business department, witnessed the development of China’s film market in various stages as a professional manager, and saw the future trend of "cinema+mobile terminal" dual-line distribution. After leaving Wanda in 2017, he founded "mobile cinema". The main idea of the mobile cinema APP is to move the cinema screen to the mobile phone, and the audience needs to buy tickets to watch the movie. At present, the resources of new films in mobile cinemas are relatively limited, and large-scale resources are relatively scarce. After several years of development, users are still testing the water in small quantities.

Joy Media, which is deeply tied with directors such as Ning Hao, Xú Zhēng, Wong Kar-wai, Chen Kexin, Gu Changwei, Zhang Yibai, Zhang Yimou, etc., is also very optimistic about the online distribution market, and vigorously promotes its streaming media product Joy Premiere APP, mainly showing its films on demand, such as "Crazy Alien" Lost in Russia, etc., and has tried to pay for it on this platform. However, due to the limited amount of content produced by Huanxi Media and the unstable content supply, the current installed capacity of Huanxi Premiere APP is also hovering at a low level.

The exploration of online distribution in the whole film industry proves that strong technical ability and stable and sustainable business model are essential elements of online distribution, which requires long-term and large investment and has a high entry threshold. Nowadays, whether it is technical ability, capital strength, traffic base or payment mode, Aitengyou is the most likely platform to undertake the online distribution of movies.

In the past ten years, video platforms have seen their movie reserves go from zero to tens of thousands, and their membership has gone from zero to over 100 million, from movie broadcasting terminals to the creation of online movie commercial market, and then to the landing of online cinema brands such as "Super Cinema". On the one hand, it increases the film distribution mode and income increment for the upstream, and cultivates reserve talents for China films; on the other hand, it cultivates high-viscosity movie-watching users, and stimulates the arrival of the film and television focus era.

In addition, technically, the video platform is also ready to be put in place. First, with the popularity of smart TV screens, Chinese began to return to the living room, especially during the Spring Festival. It is a very common entertainment consumption scene for the whole family to get together and watch a family movie in the living room, and this scene can be easily realized by projection. Iqiyi simultaneously launched the VR version of the "Online Spring Festival File" film Adventure, which can meet the audience with higher immersive viewing needs. Second, the current video platform has been able to accurately distribute technology through technological innovations such as AI and big data, subdivide content and accurately find user groups, greatly improving the payment rate.

In the future, what will the cinema pattern become, and whether people still need cinemas? This is a question asked by more and more people after the epidemic began. Senior foreign research institutions and executives of film and television companies agree that cinemas will not die, but they really need to be changed. In the future, capital is likely to bet more and more on the investment of high-end cinemas with luxury facilities, because the viewing experience of these high-end cinemas in heavy industry movies can not be replaced by mobile phones and televisions.

In fact, this trend is very obvious in China. In the past few years, the box office figures and proportions of many special cinemas, including IMAX, Dolby Hall and China Giant Screen, have shown an upward trend. The core reason is that consumers are demanding more audio-visual experience and are willing to pay higher fares for such cinemas with better audio-visual effects. At the same time, those cinemas that don’t pay attention to service and pay attention to the broadcast quality and viewing environment are also scored low or even eliminated by more and more viewers.

Online viewing has become a long-standing choice for viewing consumption in the future. Under this general trend, film and television companies will pay more attention to online layout, while cinemas should change the mentality of "seller’s market" and focus on improving the offline viewing experience.

The reform and transformation of the film industry has always existed, and the Internet has only played an accelerating role. The offline distribution and online distribution of movies are parallel, and streaming media and cinemas explore and innovate their own service models, which is actually an inevitable result of the D2C era of content industry. Whether online cinema or physical cinema, in the face of a larger market, each has its own emphasis. Finding its own subdivided track and digging to the extreme should be the only way for the sound development of China film market.

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