[car home News] The 2020 Geneva Motor Show will officially open on March 3rd. Before that, we have listed some brand-new models that will be launched at the auto show for netizens. For details, please refer to the last article: "New A3 and other new cars at the 2020 Geneva Motor Show (I)". Next, we will continue to bring you a preview of the new cars at the 2020 Geneva Motor Show. In this program, we can see more high-performance models, such asHuayra Imola, paganiSuch a "Hyper Car",Aston martin Vantage/ Bentley BacalarWaiting for a sports car,New Golf GTI/ New Ming Rui RSSuch as small steel cannons andNew AMG GLE 63 S Coupe/ Audi RS Q3High-performance SUV. Have you been unable to hold back your excitement when you hear this? Then let’s take a look at this issue of "New Car Preview of 2020 Geneva Motor Show (Part II)"!

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Pagani Huayra Imola Limited Edition
New car highlights: in the name of imola circuit, performance re-evolved.

　　Pagani Huayra Imola is the latest limited edition model of Huayra car series, and its name is taken from the imola circuit in San Marino, Italy. Five sets will be built in limited, and the price will be about 5 million euros (about 37.85 million RMB).

　　Based on the standard Huayra model, the new car is equipped with a more radical aerodynamic kit, but its shape is different from any special Huayra released in the past. It can be seen that the new car is painted in silver gray, and the overall suite style is not as exaggerated as Huayra BC, but it also pays attention to aerodynamic performance. At the same time, at the front and rear fenders, the new car also added a ventilation diversion port similar to a shark fin, which looks quite distinctive.

　　In the wheel part, the new car adopts seven-spoke lightweight wheels, which are matched with high-performance carbon ceramic brake system and Pirelli P ZERO Trofeo R high-performance tires. In the rear part, Huayra Imola uses a large carbon fiber rear diffuser and a fixed spoiler, and the taillights also adopt a blackened style, which looks more unique and exaggerated. In order to further realize light weight, Huayra Imola also used a large number of alloy materials such as aluminum, titanium, chromium-molybdenum steel, etc., and reduced the amount of paint by 5kg through new painting technology, and the final curb weight was only 1246kg.

　　As for the interior, Huayra Imola retains the consistent mechanical style of pagani. The flat-bottomed carbon fiber multi-function steering wheel, the exposed lever transmission mechanism and the mechanical handbrake are still equipped, and the interior panel made of carbon fiber/brown leather /Alcantara also highlights its wildness. In addition, the seat headrest of the new car is embroidered with the Imola track logo.

　　In terms of power, Huayra Imola continues to be equipped with a 6.0-liter twin-turbocharged V12 engine provided by Mercedes -AMG, with the maximum power increased to 838 HP and the peak torque reaching 1,100 Nm, which is 36 HP and 50 Nm higher than that of Huayra BC in 2016, and the transmission system is matched with a 7-speed sequential gearbox.

Editor’s comment:

　　The Huayra car series, which was born in 2011, has come to the 10th year of its life. As a niche super sports car brand, pagani, who was born in the workshop, has always been shrouded in the aura of artisans. Borrowing AMG’s engine, it can create a customized supercar with attractive performance and poor performance, and it has been admirable for 20 years since Zonda was born. As an unattainable top toy for ordinary people, Huayra Imola still belongs to only a few people. Like readers, editors only hope that after the opening of the auto show, they can learn more about and appreciate this masterpiece through car home’s first-hand reports.

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Aston martin brand new V8 Vantage Roadster
New car highlights: elegant British luxury sports car

　　The new V8 Vantage Roadster takes elegance to the extreme. Different from the hardtop version, the new car has a brand-new front enclosure design, which makes it look more like the aston martin DB10 concept car. In addition, it is a brand-new mechanical soft-top convertible mechanism designed by the government.

　　It is reported that engineers equipped the car with a lightweight "Z" folding roof mechanism, weighing only 60kg. At a speed not higher than 50km/h, the roof can be lifted in 6.8 seconds, and the folding time is 6.7 seconds, which is the fastest opening and closing speed among convertible cars currently on sale (excluding manual operation).

　　In addition, the new car as a whole is basically the same as the hardtop version. The short front overhang, muscular side wings and exaggerated aerodynamic suite at the tail all make you feel his performance. The interior is consistent with the hardtop version, and the car has a strong fighting atmosphere. A large number of physical buttons and other designs are contrary to the popular minimalist style. All functions including air conditioning, seat ventilation/heating and gear are independent physical buttons, which is full of mechanical feeling.

　　In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a 4.0T V8 twin-turbo engine with a maximum power of 510 HP and a maximum torque of 685 Nm, and provides three modes: sport, sport+and track. The car’s 0-60mph(97km/h) acceleration time is 3.7 seconds, which is 0.1 second slower than the hardtop version. The car is also equipped with adaptive suspension, dynamic stability control, dynamic torque vector distribution, E-Diff (electronic rear differential) and other systems, but it has its own adjustment for the convertible version.

Editor’s comment:

　　Although aston martin officials have revealed that Vantage’s sales in Europe are not satisfactory, this has not stopped him from releasing convertible models. More elegant modeling and newly designed convertible mechanism will give V8 Vantage more symbols besides the track. From the domestic market, the price of 1.918 million yuan still has certain advantages in this level, but I believe it will easily exceed 2 million yuan by adding several optional items.

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Bentley Bacalar
New car highlights: a perfect match between Bentley and Mulliner

　　Bentley Bacalar is a brand-new sports car owned by Bentley. The new car will be based on the previously released EXP 100 GT concept car, and the new car will be officially launched at the Geneva Motor Show, which opened on March 3.

　　The preview shows us the details of the roof line and the tail of Bentley Bacalar, in which the roof line is smooth and slip-back design, and it is integrated with the tail. In addition, the design of the tail is particularly similar to the EXP 100 GT concept car, with the "duckling tail", which brings a strong sporty atmosphere. In addition, the new car is equipped with a whirlwind-style rim design, and the tire sidewall is thin, which is in line with its GT sports car identity.

『EXP 100 GT concept car

　　For reference, let’s review the design of the EXP 100 GT concept car. The new car adopts Bentley’s iconic round headlight group, with shield grille and overlapping design, which looks layered. The brand-new "B" logo of the flying wing further strengthens the gas field of the whole vehicle. At the same time, when you walk into the vehicle, the light beam will light up the grille through the logo and extend along the ridge light belt in the engine compartment to light up the whole interior, which is very ceremonial.

　　Due to the pure electric drive, the front and rear wheels of EXP 100 GT concept car extend to the front and rear of the car body as a whole, which makes it have huge wheelbase parameters. In addition, the car body with a length of 5800mm and a width of 2400mm further explains the elegant lines of luxury large GT sports cars.

　　In the tail design, although the whole tail is still horseshoe-shaped, the whole tail is covered by an OLED screen, and Bentley LOGO and the main taillight group are embedded on it. The whole dynamic diamond taillight light source is displayed by the OLED screen.

　　It is worth mentioning that the gradually bulging tail design of the new car is a tribute to the famous continental R (R-type Continental Sports Saloon by Muller) model in Bentley history, which is also the most famous GT sports car built in Bentley history. Of course, we also saw this design in Bacalar preview.

　　In terms of power, the EXP 100 GT concept car is equipped with a pure electric power system with a four-motor layout. The battery density is five times that of the traditional battery (the official battery information has not been disclosed), and the peak torque of the system is 1500 Nm. In terms of performance parameters, the 0-100km/h acceleration of the new car is 2.5 seconds, the top speed will reach 300km/h, the cruising range will reach 700km, and 80% of the charge will be completed within 15 minutes. So will Bentley Bacalar use pure electric power system like EXP 100 GT concept car? Let’s wait and see.

Editor’s comment:

　　Undoubtedly, if Bentley can mass-produce the EXP 100 GT concept car released in 2019 intact, it will be a stunning work. However, we also know that it is very unlikely to do so, but this does not prevent Bentley from showing the future concept of the concept car in a realistic way, such as cooperating with Mulliner, an old car body manufacturer. Counting the history of cooperation between Bentley and Mulliner for nearly a hundred years, from the 3-liter two-seat version in 1923 to the R-Type Continental in 1952 and then to the Continental Flying Spur in 1957, are all legendary works. Now, this old-fashioned body manufacturer with a history of nearly 500 years is once again working on Bentley’s limited edition model. The more abundant cost and the grander brain hole will undoubtedly make this car stand out from a limited number of contemporary Bentley. How moving this car will be will be revealed in less than 10 days.

The new AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ Coupe
New car highlights: a coupe SUV that is handsome enough and fierce enough to run.

　　Compared with the previously released AMG GLE 53 4MATIC+ coupe SUV, the appearance of the new AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV is not obvious. Due to its higher positioning and fiercer performance, the AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV adopts a more exaggerated front enclosure shape, and the black panels at both ends of the through-hole have also changed from the hole-like design of the 53 model to a more direct large-size opening, which directly cools the internal cooler against the wind. In addition, the straight waterfall AMG front grille, raised engine hood and LED headlight group on the 53 model are retained.

　　Coming sideways, the new AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV has not changed much compared with the 53 model, maintaining a smooth and elegant overall line and a sporty body with the color wheel eyebrows, while changing into a black side skirt with a small side pedal. In the wheel part, the new AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV comes standard with 22-inch seven-spoke V-shaped AMG wheels, while the new AMG GLE 63 S4MATIC+coupe SUV without S comes standard with 21-inch AMG wheels. In addition, consumers can also choose a variety of other styles of 21-22 inch rims.

　　In the rear part, the new car still retains the design of model 53, and the most important change occurs at the bottom of the rear. Compared with the 53 model, the new AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV adopts a more complicated rear diffuser, which is also matched with a more exaggerated black bilateral square exhaust port.

　　In terms of interior, the new AMG GLE 63 4MATIC+ coupe SUV is no different from the 53 model in shape and layout, which continues the "carbon fiber" atmosphere with sporty temperament and style as a whole, but the materials and color matching in details are different. The new car is also equipped with a carbon fiber steering wheel and an AMG seat decorated with Nappa leather (other kinds of leather are optional). The S model is further equipped with gray seat belts and silver-gray seat stitching.

　　At the same time, the new car is also equipped with a three-spoke AMG Performance steering wheel with aluminum shift paddles. The standard model is equipped with black Nappa leather, while the S model is equipped with Nappa leather and DINAMICA microfiber. At the same time, consumers can also choose the AMG steering wheel button to quickly set the dynamic parameters of the vehicle. On the center console, the driver can adjust the ESP of the vehicle in three levels through the AMG exclusive control unit, and can also control the manual shift mode, adaptive vibration reduction system and optional AMG performance exhaust. In addition, the new car is equipped with stainless steel pedals with rubber nails, welcome pedals, and foot pads with AMG characters.

　　In terms of power, all the new cars are equipped with a 4.0-liter twin-turbocharged V8 engine +48V light mixing system. The maximum power of the engine and motor of the standard AMG GLE 63 4MATIC+ coupe SUV is 571 HP and 22 HP respectively, and the peak torque is 750 Nm. The advanced version of AMG GLE 63 S 4MATIC+ coupe SUV has the maximum engine and motor power of 612 HP and 22 HP respectively, and the peak torque is 850 Nm.

　　In terms of transmission system, the new car comes standard with 9-speed automatic manual transmission and AMG Performance 4MATIC+ full-time four-wheel drive system. In terms of performance, the 0-100km/h acceleration time of the standard version and the S version is 4.0 seconds and 3.8 seconds respectively. In addition, the new car also offers seven driving modes: comfort/sport/sport+/individual/track/crossing/sand.

Editor’s comment:

　　To be honest, the overall proportion of the new GLE Coupe, especially the part above the waistline, has improved significantly compared with the previous generation. The adjusted triangular window and D-pillar shape make the new GLE Coupe look compact and capable. With the latest family taillight design and the unique rear bumper and lower diffuser design of AMG models, especially the 63 S 4MATIC+, the rear visual effect of the new car is still fascinating. Of course, what is more expected is the roar of the 4.0-liter V8 twin-turbo engine with primitive wildness. With the increasingly stringent environmental protection policy, it takes courage and strength to keep a large-displacement V8 engine. I think the number of 0-100km/h acceleration for 3.8 seconds has revealed part of the answer to how fragrant this engine can be with the blessing of a 48V micro-mixing system.

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Audi RS Q3/RS Q3 Sportback
New car highlights: under the RS badge, brothers are United, and their strength is broken.

　　In fact, as early as the end of September 2019, Audi released a new generation of RS Q3 and RS Q3 Sportback, but so far we have not found these two brothers in any international auto show, and this Geneva Auto Show for major European brands may become the first public appearance of these two brothers.

　　As a high-performance version of Q3, the main changes of RS Q3 are concentrated on the front face and the tail. The brand-new grille style and sharp surrounding design on both sides make it look not angry and arrogant. At the rear, the new car adopts a larger spoiler design, and the iconic RS rear surround and exhaust tailpipe also appear on the new car.

　　Thanks to the coupe roof design, the height of the new RS Q3 Sportback is reduced by 45mm compared with the standard version, thus having a lower center of gravity of the whole vehicle and making the wheels look bigger and more dynamic. In addition, although the new car didn’t specially design the wide-body fender based on the new Q3, in order to adapt to the wheel with more exaggerated specifications, the official expanded the wheel eyebrows of the new car by 10 mm..

　　There is little difference between the sideways and the new Q3 S-line model, because Audi Sport does not add a wide-body fender for it, and the side skirt of the new car is also consistent with the new Q3 S-line. However, the use of the exclusive aluminum exterior rearview mirror shell, 21-inch sports rim, high-performance braking system and other components of Audi performance car has fully demonstrated the identity of the new RS Q3.

　　In addition, the new RS Q3 Sportback in the official map also uses optional black body components. The front grille trim, exterior mirror housing, rims, side skirts, roof rails, rear fender trim, tail tags, exhaust pipes, etc. are all painted in black, with a green body, which is full of coolness. The new RS Q3 offers 8 standard car body colors, including Kyalami green and Nardo gray Exclusive to RS, and consumers can also choose customized car paint through Audi exclusive service.

　　In the interior part, the new RS Q3 family completely keeps the main design of the new Q3, with only some changes in details. The flat steering wheel style with shift paddles is completely continued from the new Q3 S-line model, but the perforated leather package and the RS logo at the bottom are added. The instrument panel has also been replaced with carbon fiber grain decorative board, which is also the usual design of RS models. As a high-performance car, the front sports seat is indispensable. The integrated sports seat of the new RS Q3 can be wrapped in Nappa leather or Alcantara material, with honeycomb lines sewn on it and RS exclusive LOGO, which also looks quite combative. In addition, the new car also changed the metal pedal with anti-skid pad.

　　In terms of power, the newly upgraded 2.5T inline five-cylinder engine reduces the weight by 26kg, and at the same time, the maximum power reaches 400 HP and the peak torque is 480 Nm. The transmission system matches the 7-speed S tronic dual-clutch gearbox and the quattro four-wheel drive system. The official 0-100km/h acceleration time of the new car is 4.5 seconds, and the top speed is limited to 250km/h(280km/h speed limit program is optional). Through MMI system, the driver can also choose up to 6 driving modes.

Editor’s comment:

　　There are not many competitors in the market segment of high-performance compact SUV, and the launch of Audi RS Q3 and RS Q3 Sportback is mainly due to the current consumers’ favor for SUV products. Under the same level of power and control, small steel guns are no longer enough to meet the expectations of all consumers.

　　In the future market, only the new AMG GLA 45 and the new AMG GLB 45 will become the competitors of Audi RS Q3 and RS Q3 Sportback. Brothers are United, and their strength is broken. No matter which brand, this sister model is adopted to expand the market share at present. However, brothers should also settle accounts clearly. As Audi RS Q3 and RS Q3 Sportback with very similar shapes, users may still be more entangled in their choices.

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Mid-term change Skoda Kodiak
New car highlights: small changes to add new ideas/plug-in power blessing

　　Skoda officials have not officially announced the official map or other information of the new Kodiak. Combined with the previous overseas spy photos, the new Kodiak will be adjusted for the front face and tail shape. With reference to Skoda Express, which has just undergone a mid-term redesign, it is expected that the front face of the new Kodiak will also adopt the latest family-style design, including larger straight waterfall front grille, matrix LED headlights, connected front surrounding lower air intake, and penetrating chrome-plated strips with LED fog lights. The change of the tail will focus on the style update of the taillight group and the rear enclosure. In addition, SKODA LOGO is expected to replace the original brand logo and be applied to the rear of new cars.

　　With the promotion of the electrification layout of Skoda brand, the new Kodiak will also add the Kodiak iV model with plug-in hybrid system on the basis of retaining the existing traditional gasoline engine and diesel engine. It is expected that the new car will share the 1.4T plug-in system with the SEAT Tarraco PHEV model, with a comprehensive maximum power of 242 HP, a peak torque of 400 Nm, an acceleration time of 7.4 seconds from 0 to 100 km/h, and a pure electric cruising range of 31 miles (50 km) with a 13kWh lithium-ion battery pack. We will continue to pay attention to more information about the new car.

Editor’s comment:

　　Following the world premiere in September 2016, Kodiak, which positioned the medium-sized SUV, was quickly deployed by SAIC Skoda, and the domestic version was officially launched in April 2017, and the introduction action was quite fast. As a sister model of Volkswagen Tiguan Allspace/ Tiguan L, Kodiak has the same hardware foundation as Tiguan L. However, due to the differences in internal and external design and configuration, especially the influence of the brand, Kodiak’s sales in China have always been difficult to match the higher-priced SAIC Volkswagen Tiguan L.

　　After the release of new overseas models, the domestic version of Kodiak will definitely usher in synchronous updates soon. However, in the editor’s view, upgrades such as configuration upgrade and styling optimization are tantamount to saving the low awareness of Skoda brand in China.

● Volkswagen brand new golf GTI/GTD
New car highlights: everyone loves a small steel canNOn, and no one will say No.

"New Generation Volkswagen Golf"

　　The eighth generation golf has been launched overseas, and the seventh generation golf in China is still undergoing a small change. In the coming March, a brand-new overseas golf GTI/GTD model will also be released, and GTI is expected to continue to be made in China in the future.

"GTI Preview of New Generation Volkswagen Golf"

　　The new golf GTI/GTD will adopt a more sporty design. Judging from the official preview, on the basis of the ordinary version, the central trim and headlights of the new car are blackened, and the LED light strip also runs through the left and right front cars, which is very conspicuous. On the central decorative strip, GTI/GTD indicates that it will show its identity.

　"GTD Preview of New Generation Volkswagen Golf"

　　Both new cars will be equipped with large-size air intake grilles, and the interior is a honeycomb mesh structure, which is quite sporty. It is worth mentioning that the two new cars have five LED light sources embedded in the grille on both sides, which has high recognition.

"A new generation of Volkswagen Golf GTI spy photos, source: motor 1"

　　Combined with the spy photos exposed before, the new car will adopt a set of sports appearance kits, including the above-mentioned front enclosure, sports rear enclosure, and bilateral exhaust. In addition, the two new cars are expected to be equipped with more sporty rims.

　　The official said that the new generation GTI/GTD models will be fully upgraded in terms of intelligence and networking, and the new car is one of the first models that can be interconnected with other vehicles through Car2X. At the same time, the new car will be equipped with a new DCC adaptive chassis control system, and the ergonomics of the sports seat will also be upgraded to provide better driving experience for drivers.

　　Referring to the previous news, the new Golf GTI will continue to be equipped with a 2.0TSI gasoline engine with a maximum power of 245 HP; The new golf GTD will be equipped with a 2.0TDI diesel engine with a maximum power of 200 HP. The transmission is matched with a 6-speed manual or 7-speed dual clutch gearbox. At the same time, the new car will also be equipped with Travel Assist cruise assistance system.

Editor’s comment:

　　The new golf GTI will further improve its power, which is definitely good news for its consumer groups. In addition, the new GTI based on the eighth generation golf will also be qualitatively improved in terms of configuration and scientific equipment, especially the application of the new generation car networking system, which makes this small steel gun more versatile. Now what we need to wait for is the announcement of more technical details and the time for domestic production.

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● New Skoda Ming Rui RS
New car highlights: the return of classic cars

　　Since Skoda released a new generation of Ming Rui in the Czech Republic in November 2019, the preview of the new Ming Rui RS model has also been officially exposed recently. Different from the previous generation, the new Skoda Ming Rui RS will adopt a plug-in hybrid system to obtain greater power output.

　　From the appearance, the new car shows two body forms, the travel version and the car. The front face basically continues the design of the ordinary version, including the straight waterfall grille, but it has been blackened and has the vRS logo. There is no obvious difference between the headlights on both sides and the ordinary version, but the design of the fog lights and the air intake below is obviously more angular, which brings some aggression.

　　On the side of the car body, the new car still maintains the design of upper and lower double waistlines, which looks more slender. In addition, we noticed that the new car has a large petal-shaped rim design with red brake calipers, which is full of sports. In the rear part, the new car uses a lot of lines to outline, and it is more sharp. However, the new car still uses the "L" type element taillight group, which looks highly recognizable. SKODA logo in the middle, with the use of lines, the layering is very rich. In addition, the new car is equipped with two styles of exhaust decoration on both sides, which brings a certain sporty atmosphere.

　　In terms of power, referring to the released SEAT Cupra LEON, the new car will provide 2.0T gasoline engine /1.4T plug-in hybrid power system, both of which have a maximum power of 245 HP. In addition, the new car also provides a 2.0T diesel engine with a maximum power of 200 HP, and the transmission system is matched with a 6-speed manual gearbox or a 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox.

Editor’s comment:

　　A new generation of Ming Rui RS will be launched at the Geneva Motor Show. In addition to maintaining the fierce styling of a performance car, we see that the new car will be equipped with two power systems, namely a 2.0T gasoline engine and a plug-in hybrid system based on a 1.4T engine. There is only one purpose of these two power systems, that is, to improve the power output of the new car to meet its identity as a performance car. However, the reason for choosing plug-in hybrid must also be due to the comprehensive consideration of performance, durability, electrification trend and environmental protection.

　　For domestic consumers, Ming Rui RS is a familiar and unfamiliar model-familiar because the second-generation late version of Ming Rui RS was introduced to the domestic market for domestic sales, while unfamiliar because this car has been out of everyone’s sight for a long time, while the station wagon version has never been introduced. We think that the new Ming Rui RS will probably miss the China market in the future, but as a classic model of European compact performance cars, we are very happy to see its return.

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● The new SEAT LEON
New car highlights: an all-round upgrade from the inside out

　　The official map of the new generation of SEAT LEON was officially released not long ago. The new car will be launched in hatchback version and travel version, and the new car will also be officially launched at the 2020 Geneva Motor Show.

　　The appearance of the new car has been obviously changed. The three-dimensional and more recognizable middle net is matched with the headlight combination with triangle-like daytime running lights, which makes the front face of the new car sharper. Compared with the old models, the design of double waistline is replaced by a waistline running through the whole side of the car, and the sheet metal surface on the door panel has a rich curved surface design, which brings a little soft and close taste to the whole car. The most distinctive part of the newly designed rear end is the penetrating taillight, which is the second model of SEAT to use this design after Tarraco. It is worth mentioning that the smoother and smoother body reduces the drag coefficient of the new car by 8%.

　　The hatchback version is 4368 mm long, 1800 mm wide, 1456 mm high and 2686 mm wheelbase, which is 86 mm longer, 16 mm narrower, 3 mm shorter and 50 mm longer than the previous generation. The travel version is 4642 mm long and 1448 mm high, with the same width and wheelbase as the hatchback version, while the length of the car is 93 mm longer than that of the old model. The increased body length of the hatchback model should be used in the seating space. The trunk volume is still 380 liters, but the trunk volume of the travel model has increased by 30 liters, reaching 617 liters.

　　Similar to several previously released models of the same platform under the brands of Volkswagen Group, the interior of the new Seat LEON also adopts the latest instrument panel and central channel layout, while the models using dual-clutch gearboxes also adopt a small gear design. According to SEAT’s official statement, the new generation LEON is SEAT’s first model with a complete interconnection experience, so all models come standard with a 10.25-inch full LCD instrument. At the same time, the entry-level model is also equipped with an 8.25-inch central control display. If a higher version is selected, the size of the central control display will reach 10 inches. In addition, all new cars support the interconnection between Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, and have wireless charging function.

　　I don’t need to tell you that the power system of the new SEAT LEON is exactly the same as the other two models of the same class under the Volkswagen Group. These include an entry-level three-cylinder 1.0TSI engine with a maximum power of 90 or 110 HP, and a four-cylinder 1.5TSI engine with a maximum power of 130 HP or 150 HP, all of which are matched with manual or dual-clutch gearboxes. In addition, LEON also has a 2.0TSI engine for consumers to choose from, with a maximum power of 190 HP, which only matches the 7-speed dual-clutch gearbox. Of course, the 1.0TSIe and 1.5TSIe engines with 48V hybrid system will not be absent, but these two engines can only match the dual-clutch automatic transmission. At the same time, the new LEON has only two diesel engines, both from a 2.0TDI engine with a maximum power of 115 HP or 150 HP.

　　Of course, the fourth generation of SEAT LEON also has plug-in hybrid models. The 1.4TSI engine and a motor can output 204 horsepower, and the battery pack with a capacity of 13 kWh can also provide 60 kilometers of pure electric cruising range under the WLTP cycle. The new LEON equipped with the above power system will be officially launched in the second quarter of 2020, and the more powerful version of Cupra will be available in the third quarter at the earliest.

Editor’s comment:

　　Compared with Skoda above, SEAT, another brand under the Volkswagen Group, may be a lot stranger to everyone. Although this Spanish brand once briefly entered the China market, it was only a flash in the pan. As a compact car under the SEAT brand, the new SEAT LEON has been replaced for the second time since it left the China market. Compared with the previous "Hot Blood" design style, the new car’s appearance design is more fashionable, and its configuration has also been fully upgraded. The more powerful Cupra LEON has also released an official map recently. The new car is equipped with a 1.4T plug-in hybrid and a 2.0T engine with different adjustments, providing more choices for consumers who love performance.

● The new Fiat 500e
New car highlights: take the step of Fiat 500 replacement.

『Mirafiori factory』

　　FCA has completed the electrification production line of Mirafiori factory in Turin, Italy. The production line has started the trial production of Fiat 500e, which will be officially mass-produced in June 2020. In addition to producing Fiat 500e, the factory will also produce electrified versions of Maserati Ghibli, GranTurismo and GranCabrio in the future. As we all know, FCA is accelerating the transformation of electrification.

『The new fiat 500e tests spy photos.』

　　The new Fiat 500e will be built on a brand-new platform. Although the overall design looks not much different from the old one, it will be improved in performance, space and other aspects. The new car will cancel the traditional air intake grille, which will be more aerodynamic and more modern in shape.

　　The new car will also adopt a modular power battery solution to provide different capacity power batteries for consumers with different travel needs. It is also reported that the cruising range of this comprehensive working condition is 125 miles (about 201 kilometers).

Editor’s comment:

　　As mentioned above, FCA is making every effort to promote the electrification transformation of its brands, whether it is Fiat, which is positioned as an ordinary brand, or Maserati, an ultra-luxury brand. In the next 1-2 years, we will see their core models fully electrified. The release of the new Fiat 500e will also open the pace of the replacement of this classic model. It is reported that the traditional version of the new Fiat 500 will be released later, and it is possible to derive a five-door design version of Giardiniera. Let’s look forward to it.

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Kia brand-new Souranto
New car highlights: "Korea Highlander" has been fully upgraded, but the introduction is hopeless.

　　Kia has already released a brand-new official map of Souranto, which adopts the latest family-style design of Kia, and its overall style is tough and burly. The roaring middle net is connected with the LED headlight group, and a chrome-plated decorative strip wraps the headlight and the middle net, which widens the horizontal visual width of the front. On the side of the car body, the new Souranto also adopts a rigid line design, with a straight waistline extending from the headlights to the taillights. At the same time, the window frame trim behind the C-pillar and the inclined D-pillar shape also add to its fashion sense.

　　In terms of dimensions, the new Souranto has a length, width and height of 4810/1900/1700mm and a wheelbase of 2815mm. Compared with the current models, the length/width/wheelbase of the new car has increased by 10mm/10mm/35mm respectively, and it is expected that the space performance will be further improved.

　　The tail design of the new Souranto has its own characteristics, and the taillight group has a longitudinal split layout. With the vertical LED strip, it looks quite recognizable. At the same time, the shape of the tailgate panel of the new car is also very unique, and the concave and convex lines create a more rigid visual experience. At the bottom, the through chrome-plated strip and the two exhaust decorations on both sides are equipped with a lamp group (presumably reversing lamp/rear fog lamp/reflector), and the real exhaust port is hidden inside the rear enclosure.

　　In terms of interior, the center console of the new car maintains the same straight design style as the car body, and the rich horizontal lines also outline a relatively distinct layering. The interior of the new car adopts a two-color design as a whole-except for the black part above the center console, the rest are designed in the same color as the car seat and door panel, which is very classy with the atmosphere light strip, black painted panel and silver metal frame. Like most popular designs, the new Souranto is also equipped with a full LCD instrument and a central control panel, in which the LCD instrument is 12.3 inches and the central control panel is 10.25 inches, which has built-in main car entertainment and driving assistance functions.

　　In terms of power, the new car offers three power options, of which the 1.6T hybrid model has a maximum power of 230 HP and a peak torque of 350 Nm; The 2.5T gasoline model has a maximum power of 277 HP and a peak torque of 421 Nm. The 2.2T diesel engine has a maximum power of 199 HP and a peak torque of 440 Nm. In terms of transmission system, in addition to the 6-speed automatic manual transmission, some power models of the new Souranto will also match the new 8-speed dual-clutch transmission. At the end of 2020, Kia will also add a plug-in hybrid version of the new Souranto.

Editor’s comment:

　　Once upon a time, Kia Souranto/Souranto L had excellent popularity and reputation in the hearts of domestic consumers. With imported quality, spacious 7-seat space, outstanding reliability, rare diesel power at the same level and high cost performance, Souranto/Souranto L became a recommended product in the field of medium-sized SUVs. However, soon after the last imported model, Stinger, was introduced at the end of 2017, the imported Kia began to gradually withdraw from the network, and the Souranto L model also stopped selling. At present, there are no imported Kia models on sale in China market.

　　Therefore, I’m afraid the new generation of Souranto will miss the domestic market. For domestic consumers, the new Souranto can only be "just a look". Horizontally, the dominant Highlander is still selling well, and the replacement model will be made in China in 2020. At that time, its combat effectiveness will be further improved, and the status quo of dominating the same level market will probably continue.

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● New modern i20
New car highlights: exquisite small hatchback

　　In terms of appearance, the new i20 adopts a hexagonal middle net, which increases the overall area. Headlights on both sides are connected with the middle net, and there is a LED strip on the upper part. In addition, the front bumper of the new car is more sporty, and the air inlets on both sides are triangular in design, and fog lights are hidden in it. The new i20 is positioned in a small hatchback car, with a lower side and sharper body lines compared with the current one. The new car in the official map also uses a two-color body and a silver rim with complicated shapes. In terms of body size, the width of the new car has increased by 30mm and the wheelbase has increased by 10mm, which means that there will be more seating space in the car.

　　Looking at the tail, the new i20 has a more radical tail design. The triangular taillights arranged horizontally are located in the middle of the vehicle, with a penetrating light strip in the middle. Compared with the current model, the position of the rear fog lamp is more sunken. In addition, we also found that the new car is equipped with a lower spoiler, which is quite sporty as a whole.

　　Judging from the design sketch released this time, the overall interior style of the new modern i20 is young and fashionable, and its center console adopts layered design as a whole. Among them, the top is a suspended central control panel, and the outer frame is designed in an irregular shape. The modern i20 is also equipped with a full LCD instrument, which adds a sense of science and technology. In addition, the louver-shaped panel running through the center console is also conspicuous, and the air-conditioning outlets at the center and co-pilot positions are also hidden in it, while the lower air-conditioning control button area adopts a convex design, which adds a sense of fashion. At the same time, we can also see that the interior of the new car is decorated with bright yellow, which is expected to be the same color as the body.

　　In terms of power, the official has not disclosed more information, and it is not ruled out that it will increase the choice of electrification. For reference, the current i20 is equipped with a variety of power including 1.0T, 1.2L and 1.4L gasoline engines and 1.1T and 1.4T diesel engines. In addition, the new i20 is also expected to launch the N-series high-performance version, which will be equipped with a 1.6T engine with a maximum power of 200 HP.

Editor’s comment:

　　I20 is a small hatchback car owned by Hyundai brand. After replacement, the appearance of the new car is sharper, while the interior is more fashionable and the product strength is improved. However, although the i20 looks very pleasing, in view of the fact that sedan cars are the main small cars in the domestic market at present, the probability of introducing the i20 in the future will not be too great, but the hatchback car is more in line with the preferences of the European market, which is one of the reasons why it chose to launch at the European Auto Show.

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Full text summary:

　　As the first large-scale international auto show in Europe in a year, the Geneva Auto Show is always so rich and surprising. After reading two issues of "New Car Preview of 2020 Geneva Motor Show", I wonder what impressions you have left on these upcoming new cars? What kinds of cars are you looking forward to very much? Which models will be introduced into the domestic market in the future? More answers will be left to the auto show that will open in March, when car home will also bring the first report, so stay tuned! (Text/car home Information Section)

　　BEIJING, Beijing, July 14 (Reporter Li Jinlei) In 2023, the pension increase began to land.

　　Since July, many places in the country have successively released pension adjustment plans for 2023 to cash in the increase of pensions. How much has your pension increased this year?

　　Release pension adjustment plans in many places

　　According to the "Notice on Adjusting the Basic Pension for Retired Persons in 2023" jointly issued by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance, the basic pension level of retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions will be adjusted from January 1, 2023. The national adjustment ratio is determined according to 3.8% of the monthly basic pension for retirees in 2022. Each province determines its adjustment ratio and level with the national adjustment ratio as the upper limit.

　　Zhongxin Finance noted that recently, Ningxia, Liaoning, Henan, Hebei, Jiangxi, Tianjin and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities officially announced the rules for pension adjustment in 2023.

　　Retirees who have gone through retirement procedures before December 31, 2022 and received basic pensions on a monthly basis can participate in this year’s pension increase.

　　How to calculate the amount of pension increase?

　　Some retirees will think that since the pension has increased by 3.8% this year, it will directly increase by 3.8% on their own pension base, which is the increase amount of pension, but in fact this algorithm is not correct.

　　How to calculate the pension adjustment? According to the requirements, in 2023, the pension adjustment will adopt a combination of quota adjustment, linked adjustment and appropriate inclination, and realize the unification of the adjustment methods for retirees of enterprises, institutions and institutions.

　　In other words, the amount of pension increase is calculated according to the steps of "quota adjustment+hook adjustment+tilt adjustment".

　　Among them, the quota adjustment refers to the unified increase of the same amount of pensions for all types of retirees in the same area, reflecting social equity. Taking Hebei as an example, its quota was adjusted to 40 yuan.

　　Hook adjustment refers to the double hook with the individual payment period and pension level, which reflects the incentive mechanism of paying more and paying more for a long time, so that those who pay more and pay more for a long time on the job will increase their pensions relatively more. Hebei is clear that the payment period (including the deemed payment period) will increase the 1 yuan every month for every full year; Increase the basic pension every month according to 1.4% of the monthly basic pension I paid in December 2022.

　　Appropriate tilt reflects the key concern, mainly for the elderly retirees and groups in hard and remote areas, who can appropriately increase their pensions.

　　Take Hebei’s pension adjustment scheme as an example. Retirees’ payment period is 30 years, and their pension is 3,000 yuan, so the pension that can be increased is: fixed adjustment 40 yuan+payment period adjustment 30×1 yuan+pension adjustment 3000×1.4%=112 yuan.

　　Who can raise their pensions more?

　　Judging from the pension adjustment plans issued by many places, the people who enjoy the tilt adjustment are mainly the elderly retirees, retirees in hard and remote areas, and retired military cadres from enterprises.

　　Take Ningxia, which was the first to announce the pension adjustment plan, as an example, the basic pension 10 yuan will be increased every month for those who have reached the age of 70 and under 75, the basic pension 15 yuan will be increased every month for those who have reached the age of 75 and under 80, and the basic pension 20 yuan will be increased every month for those who have reached the age of 80.

　　In addition, each person in the hard and remote areas will increase the basic pension 10 yuan every month, and each person in the hard and remote areas will increase the basic pension 15 yuan every month; If the adjusted basic pension level of enterprise retired demobilized cadres is lower than the average basic pension level of enterprise retirees in the autonomous region, the average basic pension level of enterprise retirees in the autonomous region will be filled.

　　Does everyone’s pension increase by 3.8%?

　　This year’s pension increase is 3.8%, which means that everyone’s pension increase is 3.8%?

　　The Ningxia People’s Social Welfare Department explained that the specific adjustment ratio of "3.8%" is the per capita level of all retirees in enterprises, institutions and institutions nationwide. Not every retiree in enterprises, institutions and institutions is based on their own basic pension level, and all of them are directly adjusted according to the ratio of 3.8%. Specific to each retiree, due to different payment years and pension levels, the actual increase in the absolute amount of pension is different, and the corresponding proportion of personal pension is also different.

　　Tianjin Human Resources and Social Security Bureau also explained that the above-mentioned increase is an average increase, and it is not simply adjusted according to 3.8% for every retiree. For everyone, the adjustment standard is related to the specific conditions such as my payment period, pension level and age.

　　When will the increased pension be paid?

　　At present, the time for clearly increasing pensions to be paid in many places is before July 31.

　　It should be noted that the distribution time may vary from place to place, but for retirees, no matter when they start to organize distribution, they will be reissued from January 1, 2023.

　　The Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security said that the basic pension increased by this adjustment will be paid before July 31, and the pensions adjusted and increased from January to June this year will be reissued together.

　　At present, there is a place to reissue it. Official website, Ningxia People’s Social Welfare Department, said that the basic pension for 731,600 retirees in 2023 was fully paid on July 8, with a monthly increase of 148 yuan per capita. (End)

In order to further improve the production capacity of China’s staple oil, increase the effective supply of edible vegetable oil and maintain a certain level of domestic self-sufficiency, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Agriculture and the State Forestry Administration have compiled the National Development Plan for the Production of Bulk Oil Crops (2016—2020Years). It is hereby printed and distributed to you, please promote the implementation of the plan in a solid way according to the actual situation.

　

Attachment: National Production and Development Plan for Bulk Oil Crops (2016—2020Year)

　　　　　National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Agriculture, State Forestry Administration

　　　　　 2016yeareightmoon15sun

National development plan for the production of major oil crops (2016—2020Year)

introduction

Oilseed is an important agricultural product in China and an important raw material for edible vegetable oil and protein feed. In recent years, with the population growth, the improvement of living standards and the development of aquaculture, the demand for edible vegetable oil and protein feed has been increasing. However, due to many factors, the domestic oil production capacity has grown slowly, the gap between production and demand has widened, imports have increased, and the dependence on foreign countries has increased. China has become the world’s largest importer of edible vegetable oil and soybeans, and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil is less than.40%There is an urgent need to further improve the domestic oil production capacity, tap the potential for increasing production and maintain a certain level of self-sufficiency. Among the edible vegetable oils in China, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil and tea oil account for more than 80%, and the planting scale accounts for.95%Above. Vigorously developing the production of these bulk oil crops is of great significance for ensuring domestic oil supply, meeting the consumption demand of urban and rural residents, maintaining market stability, promoting agricultural and rural economic development and increasing farmers’ income.

According to the spirit of a series of plenary sessions since the 18th CPC National Congress,2015Central Committee inoneDocument No.1 and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Forestry Administration and other relevant departments, compiled this plan. In accordance with the principle of overall consideration, highlighting key points and optimizing layout, the Plan focuses on four major oil crops, namely rapeseed, peanut, soybean and camellia oleifera. By building core production areas, strengthening scientific and technological support, improving support policies and other measures, efforts are made to break through production bottlenecks, guide all localities to do a good job in oil production and improve comprehensive production capacity. The planning base period is2014In, the planning period is2016－2020Years.

First, the development status quo

(A) fluctuations in production development

Since the founding of New China, the production of herbaceous oil in China can be roughly divided into four stages: rapid development, slow decline, steady development and fluctuating development.1949—1957Year is a stage of rapid development, with an area from16632Expand to 10,000 mu26397Ten thousand mu, growth59%Average annual growth6.0%; Output by709Ten thousand tons increased to1350Ten thousand tons, growth90%Average annual growth8.3%.1957—1977Year is a slow decline stage, and the area is from26397Drop to 10,000 mu16124Ten thousand mu, the output by1350Ten thousand tons fell to1040Ten thousand tons, respectively.39％、23%, the average annual decline.0.3%About.1977—2004Year is a stage of steady development, with an area of16124Increase to 10,000 mu32408Ten thousand mu, the output by104010,000 tons to4493Ten thousand tons, respectively.oneTimes,3.3Times, average annual growth.5.5%About.2004—2014Year is a fluctuating development stage, and the area is from32408Drop to 10,000 mu28487Ten thousand mu, reductiontwelve%, the average annual decrease.0.3%; Total output by4493Ten thousand tons fell to2007The lowest point in3633After ten thousand tons, nearfiveBasically stable in4350Ten thousand tons level. The pattern of oil production has been gradually optimized, and the dominant producing areas such as rapeseed, Hebei, Shandong and Henan peanuts, soybeans in Northeast China and Inner Mongolia, and southern camellia oleifera have been formed.2014Area of winter rapeseed in the Yangtze River basin in.9905Ten thousand mu, output1302Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.88%; Northwest spring rapeseed area927Ten thousand mu, output105Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.8%; Hebei, Shandong and HenanthreePeanut saving area3249Ten thousand mu, total output932Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.47%、56.5%; Northeast China and Inner MongoliafourSoybean area in provinces and regions5100Ten thousand mu, output602Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.50%; Hunan, Jiangxi, GuangxithreeArea of Camellia oleifera in provinces (regions)3630Ten thousand mu, accounting for the whole country.66%.

——Rapeseed.Rapeseed production generally showed a slow growth trend. Before the reform and opening up, the planting area was2000～3500Wandering between ten thousand mu, the output is less than.200Ten thousand tons. After the reform and opening up2000Annual production increased rapidly,2000The annual area and output reached respectively.11241Wanmuhe1138Ten thousand tons, than1977Annual growth2.4Beihe8.7Times. After that, the fluctuation of production declined.2007Annual area and output decreased to8463Wanmuhe1057Ten thousand tons, respectively.2000Annual decrease25% andseven％。2007After the state introduced supporting policies and measures in, production resumed development and the area was continuous.sevenWith the annual increase, the output has increased steadily.2014Reach each year11382Wanmuhe147710,000 tons, both hitting the highest level in history.

——Peanuts.Overall, peanut production showed a steady growth trend. Before the reform and opening up, the peanut area was3000Ten thousand mu fluctuates up and down, and the output is in500Less than ten thousand tons. Reform and opening-up have developed rapidly since the beginning of this century.1995After the annual output exceeded 10 million tons for the first time,2000—2003Exceeded for four consecutive years130010,000 tons, with an area of758510,000 mu, a record high.2003Peanut planting declined in,2007Annual area and output are5917Ten thousand mu,1303Ten thousand tons, respectively.2003Annual decrease22% andthree％。2007Production resumed development in and achieved "six consecutive increases".2014The annual area and output are respectively6906Ten thousand mu,1648Ten thousand tons.

——Soybean.Soybean production generally showed a downward trend. Last century60The 1980 s was the peak period of soybean planting, with an average annual area of about.1.5100 million mu, up to1.9One hundred million mu, the output is ineight hundredAbout ten thousand tons.70After the 1990 s, soybean production declined slowly, with the lowest area only10036Ten thousand mu. Thanks to the increase in yield, the output is1000Ten thousand tons or so.1992—2009The annual production gradually recovered and reached the highest level in history, and the area and output rebounded to14386Ten thousand mu,1740Ten thousand tons. But then production declined year after year,2013Annual area reduced to10186Ten thousand mu, the output fell to.1195Ten thousand tons, neartwentyThe lowest in years.2014The annual area and output are respectively10200Ten thousand mu,1215Ten thousand tons, a slight increase over the previous year.

——Camellia oleiferaCamellia oleifera production since the last century50Started in the late 1990 s,90After the 1990 s, the planting area increased year by year.2008Enter the stage of rapid development after.2008Area of Camellia oleifera in China in.3400Ten thousand mu, Camellia oleifera seed yield100About ten thousand tons (tea oil)25Ten thousand tons).2014In, the planting area and seed yield of Camellia oleifera increased to.5470Ten thousand mu,200Ten thousand tons, than2008Annual increase1930Ten thousand mu,100Ten thousand tons.

(B) the constraints faced

oneThe space for area expansion is limited.China’s per capita arable land area and water resources are only the world average.40%、28%With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the area of cultivated land will continue to decrease. Under the condition of limited water and soil resources, it is difficult to develop grain production to solve the problem of eating and increase the supply of cotton, oil and sugar. In particular, some major agricultural provinces are both major oil producing areas and major grain producing areas, such as Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui and other provinces, where winter wheat and rapeseed are the same season crops, and Hebei, Shandong, Henan and other provinces, where corn and peanuts are the same season crops, the contradiction between grain and oil land use is prominent. In the case that ensuring national food security has become the primary task, the space for expanding the area of rapeseed, peanuts, soybeans and other bulk herbal oils is relatively limited. Camellia oleifera has high initial investment cost, long fruit-bearing period, insufficient farmers’ investment ability and slow area growth.

2The ability to resist disasters and reduce disasters is not strong.In recent years, the state has arranged to invest in the construction of a number of oil production bases in major producing areas, but the annual investment scale is limited. The built oil base is small in scope, narrow in coverage, weak in driving ability, low in engineering construction standards, and the oil production infrastructure is still weak, which has become the main bottleneck restricting the improvement of oil production capacity. For example, the irrigation and drainage facilities in rapeseed producing areas are insufficient, the projects are not matched, the irrigation and drainage efficiency is declining, and waterlogging disasters are prone to occur; There are many kinds of peanuts in sandy soil, dry sloping land and marginal land, which have low water and fertilizer conservation ability and poor cultivated land quality. The main oil-pressed soybean producing areas are mostly dry areas, and the irrigation water sources and facilities are lacking, so it is difficult to guarantee timely irrigation in key agricultural time.

threeThe selection of excellent varieties is slow.After the "double low" rapeseed, there are few excellent rapeseed varieties with high yield, stable yield and high resistance in China, and the yield level has not been significantly improved.2004The average yield per mu since has been in120Wandering around kilograms. At present, the outstanding problems faced by rapeseed varieties are the lack of early-maturing varieties suitable for planting in double-cropping rice areas, the long growth period of existing varieties, the lack of stubble connection and low yield per unit area; The cultivation of varieties suitable for machine harvesting is still in the research and experimental stage; Most of peanuts are self-reserved, and the varieties are seriously degraded, lacking varieties with good comprehensive properties such as yield, oil content and kernel yield; There are few varieties of soybean with high yield, high quality, special use and disease resistance, and the yield and oil content are not high.

fourMechanized production has yet to be broken through.No breakthrough has been made in mechanized harvesting technology of oilseeds, and the research and popularization of precision quantification, light simplification and mechanized production technology of rapeseed and peanut are lagging behind. For example, rape transplanting is still mainly manual, which requires a lot of labor and high cost, and the mechanized transplanting technology is still in the experimental stage. Harvesting machinery generally stays in the stage of imitation and assembly, the core components are imported, the mechanical performance is not high, the working efficiency, loss rate, service life, safety and comfort are quite different from those of imported machinery, and the functions are relatively single. Affected by factors such as slow cultivation of suitable varieties, backward mechanical properties and insufficient integration of agricultural machinery, the comprehensive mechanization level of cultivation and harvest of main oil crops is far lower than that of bulk grain crops. There are many kinds of camellia oleifera in areas with high mountains and steep slopes, and there is no professional machinery, so the harvesting cost is high.

fiveThe comparative benefit is low.Oil production is labor-intensive and time-consuming. In recent years, land costs and labor costs have risen rapidly, and the average annual increase in agricultural labor costs in some areas has exceeded.20%, Hunan, Hubei and other provinces have risen to per person per day.100Yuan, the proportion of labor costs in production costs rose to60%About. Compared with grain crops, the comparative benefit of oil planting is low and fluctuates greatly between years.2007—2014In, the purchase price of wheat increased from per catty.0.74Yuan rose steadily to1.25Yuan, increase69%Most of the net profit per mu is in100Yuan above, while the purchase price of rapeseed in the same period is from per catty.1.75Yuan rose to2.58Yuan, but the average net profit per mu fromeighty-fiveYuan down to2011Annual21Yuan,2012Since 2000, it has suffered losses year after year.90About yuan,2014The annual loss is up to142Yuan, farmers’ production enthusiasm is not high.

(3) The gap between production and demand has widened.

oneDemand is growing steadily.Affected by the increase of population, the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of income level, China’s vegetable oil consumption has grown steadily. In recent years, with the gradual popularization of scientific and healthy consumption patterns, the growth rate of edible oil consumption has slowed down. It is predicted that,2020National vegetable oil consumption ratio in2014Annual increasefour hundredAbout ten thousand tons. At the same time, with the improvement of people’s quality of life, the gradual improvement of consumption requirements, and the strict implementation of national quality standards for edible vegetable oil, while soybean oil continues to be the largest variety of edible vegetable oil, the consumption proportion of rapeseed oil and peanut oil has increased year by year.

2There is a big gap between production and demand.2014In, compared with the demand, the gap between production and demand of domestic oil-processing vegetable oil was about.1900Ten thousand tons. In the future, the consumption demand of vegetable oil will continue to grow, and there is still a big gap between production and demand. According to the calculation of existing domestic oil production capacity, it is estimated that2020The annual gap between vegetable oil production and demand is further expanded to2300Ten thousand tons. Besides,2014The gap between production and demand of protein cake processed by domestic oilseeds in was about3300Ten thousand tons, mainly through imports to make up. estimate2020The gap between production and demand of protein cake processed by domestic oilseeds continued to widen in.

threeImports continue to increase.Due to the shortage of domestic oil production, imports have been increasing in recent years.2014Imported rapeseed in.508Ten thousand tons, equivalent to the domestic rapeseed production.1/3, than2010Annual growth2.2Times; Soybean import714010,000 tons, made in China.5.9Times, a record high. Oil imports are generally stable,2014Palm oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil were imported respectively in.532Ten thousand tons,114Ten thousand tons and81Ten thousand tons, with2010The year was basically stable. At the same time, the fluctuation of oil prices in the international market has increased, such as the spot price of soybeans by2007Per ton at the beginning of the year275The dollar rose to2008yearsevenlunar547Dollars,2009At the beginning of the year, it fell to350Dollars,2013It soared to a ton in 2000.533Dollars. With the integration of domestic and international markets, the impact of price fluctuation in the international market on domestic oil production is becoming increasingly obvious, especially in recent years, the price of international edible vegetable oil is lower than that in the domestic market, and the price is upside down, which is very unfavorable to domestic oil production.

(D) Experience and enlightenment

oneCultivating breakthrough varieties is the key.Last century90In the 1990 s, the content of erucic acid and glucosinolate in rapeseed in China was high, the utilization rate of cake was low, and the development of rapeseed production was slow.1998In, the country started the construction of rapeseed production base, and vigorously promoted the newly cultivated "double low" rapeseed varieties of Zhongyou and Huaza series. The erucic acid and glucosinolate contents of rapeseed were respectively8%、40μmol/gDrop to5%、thirtyμmol/gBelow, the utilization rate of cake meal is improved, and the yield level is reduced from per mu90Raise the kilogram to120About kilograms, growth33%The income from rapeseed planting has increased significantly, which has mobilized farmers’ enthusiasm for production and promoted the development of rapeseed production nationwide. The sown area and output are respectively1997Annual9713Ten thousand mu,95810,000 tons, increased to2014Annual11382Ten thousand mu,1477Ten thousand tons, the growth rate is respectively17%、54%. Practice has proved that the cultivation of new oil varieties with high yield, high quality and multi-resistance and the research and popularization of supporting high-yield cultivation techniques play a very important role in promoting oil production.

2Improving production conditions is the guarantee.In order to improve rapeseed production capacity, from1998Since 2000, the state has arranged the central budget to invest in the construction of large-scale "double-low" rapeseed production bases in cities.2009Since, the annual investment scale of base construction has increased to2100 million yuan, the construction scope has gradually expanded to the main producing areas of oil-pressed peanuts and soybeans, and a number of oil production bases have been built, which has improved the infrastructure conditions and enhanced the ability of oil production to resist disasters and reduce disasters. At the same time,2009Since, the state has arranged funds in the central budget every year.2100 million yuan, to support the construction of Camellia oleifera production bases in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi and other major producing areas, to build and transform Camellia oleifera forests, and to strengthen the construction of improved camellia oleifera seedling breeding bases.

threeStable sowing area is the foundation.2000Since, the sown area of bulk oil crops in China has increased from3.25Drop to 100 million mu2007Annual2.75One hundred million mu,2014Recover to2.84One hundred million mu, the output has experienced accordingly.4123Ten thousand tons,3633Ten thousand tons and4340Ten thousand tons of fluctuation process. With the decline of sowing area, the yield of soybean decreased greatly.2000Years,2007Nianhe2014The annual soybean area is respectively1.4One hundred million mu,1.3YimuheoneOne hundred million mu, the total output are respectively1541Ten thousand tons,1273Ten thousand tons and1215Ten thousand tons. The area and output value of Camellia oleifera also increased with the increase of demand and price, achieving double growth. Practice has proved that to promote the stable development of oil production, it is necessary to ensure the stable planting area.

fourMobilizing farmers’ enthusiasm is fundamental.Farmers’ enthusiasm for production directly determines the increase or decrease of oil area, the quality of field management, and then affects oil production.2004—2006In, the comparative benefit of oilseed planting dropped sharply, among which the average cash income per mu of rapeseed was from254Yuan down to194Yuan, mu average net profit byeighty-fiveYuan down to2.8Yuan, dampened farmers’ enthusiasm for production, rapeseed planting area by1090710,000 mu quickly fell to8976Ten thousand mu.2007In, the state issued a series of policies and measures to increase support, and with the rising market price, the average profit per mu of rapeseed increased to.2008Annual308Yuan, rape area corresponding to restore to2009Annual10917Ten thousand mu. Because the yield of soybean is lower than that of rice and corn, and the planting benefit has been declining year after year, the average net profit per mu is from2008Annual178Yuan down to2014Annual41Yuan, so that farmers switch to corn and other high-yield and efficient crops, soybean area decreased. Due to the rising price of camellia oil, farmers have a higher enthusiasm for business and the area has increased steadily.

Second, the significance and potential analysis of developing the production of bulk oil crops

(1) Significance

oneIt is beneficial to meet the diversified edible oil consumption demand.In the coming period, China’s oil demand will show a steady and rising trend, and it is expected that2020The total consumption of rapeseed, peanut and soybean will reach.1.3Billions of tons. It is an important measure to stabilize the supply of edible vegetable oil in China to further accelerate the production of domestic oil crops and improve the level of oil self-sufficiency. Camellia oleifera and other woody oils have high unsaturated fatty acids content and high sales price, which are suitable for middle and high-end people to consume and can replace some imported olive oil to some extent.

2It is conducive to guiding the adjustment of agricultural structure and the improvement of soil fertility.Soybean planting can improve soil fertility, reduce fertilizer consumption and increase yield. Intercropping rape, soybean with wheat, corn and other crops can effectively reduce the harm of pests and diseases, increase soil fertility and increase production and income. Camellia oleifera and other woody oil plants use abundant forest land resources and do not compete with grain for land. Therefore, vigorously developing large oil crops in suitable areas can optimize agricultural structure, change development mode and improve agricultural quality and efficiency.

threeIt is conducive to promoting production cost reduction and efficiency increase and increasing farmers’ income.By improving oil production conditions, accelerating the research and development of new varieties with high yield, high quality and stress resistance, supporting cultivation techniques and agricultural machinery, and realizing the whole mechanization of oil production, the yield and oil content of bulk oil crops can be increased, the production cost can be reduced, the oil quality can be improved, and the income of farmers can be increased.

fourIt is conducive to promoting poverty alleviation in poor areas.The resource conditions in some poor areas are suitable for oil production such as camellia oleifera and rapeseed, and the planting benefit is good, especially in the southern mountainous areas, the average output value of camellia oleifera per mu can reach.2000～3000Yuan. Developing the production of characteristic oilseeds such as camellia oleifera and rapeseed in poverty-stricken areas according to local conditions can help farmers get rid of poverty, which is in line with the requirements of "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Winning the Fight against Poverty".

(B) production development potential

oneIt is still possible to recover the oil area.Under the premise of not affecting grain production, the planting area of bulk oil crops can be restored under certain conditions. At present, the winter fallow fields in the Yangtze River basin are aboutoneOne hundred million mu, suitable for planting rape about.4000Ten thousand mu, mainly concentrated in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, namely, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei, Anhui, Guizhou, Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, etc., can develop and grow rapeseed. After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam for power generation, the number of beaches along the Yangtze River will increase, which can expand rape planting.1000About ten thousand mu. Soybean planting can be resumed in Northeast China.3000More than 10,000 mu. The farming-pastoral ecotone in the north is dry all the year round, so the area of low-yield corn can be appropriately reduced, grain and oil rotation can be implemented, and drought-tolerant peanut planting can be expanded.500Ten thousand mu.

2There is great room for the development of woody oil.Camellia oleifera and other woody oil plants do not compete with grain for land, which is one of the supplementary channels to increase oil supply. According to the "Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of Woody Oil Industry",2020The planting area of woody oil-bearing tree species has increased from the existing1.2100 million mu developed to2100 million mu, producing woody edible oil150About ten thousand tons. At present,14The main producing provinces and regions of Camellia oleifera are about5000More than ten thousand mu of forest land is suitable for planting camellia oleifera.

threeThere is potential to improve the yield level.Compared with other major oil-producing countries, China’s bulk oil yield has much room for improvement. At present, the average yield per mu of soybean in China is only120Kg or so, lower than the world average.thirtyKg, lower than the main producing countries such as the United States, Brazil and Argentina.50More than one kilogram. Judging from the production level of different regions in China, the yield gap is not small. Average yield per mu of 10 million mu of soybean in Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation170The average yield per mu of high-yield demonstration films with a weight of more than 10,000 mu.200Kilogram; The average yield per mu of rape in Jiangsu Province has reached184Kg, higher than the national average yield per mu.forty-two%, higher than those in Zhejiang and Anhui provinces with similar conditions.48Kilogram sumthirtyKilogram. Average yield per mu of peanuts in China239Kg, but the average yield per mu in Henan and Shandong provinces exceeds290Kilogram. The newly built high-yield camellia oleifera forest can produce tea seeds per mu.200Kg, which is much higher than the current level.

fourThere is room for increasing oil content.Among the major oil crops, rapeseed and peanut have high oil content and great promotion potential. In recent two years, the oil content of most rapeseed varieties approved by the state is43%Above, many varieties have reached50%, higher than the current large-scale promotion varieties.sevenPercentage points, in addition to a batch of oil content.60%The above spare parts system. The oil content of peanuts was obviously improved and a batch was bred.55%High-oil varieties, higher than the current large-scale promotion varieties.fivePercentage points. There is still room for improvement in soybean oil content in Northeast China. With the popularization and application of new varieties, new technologies and new processes, the oil content of Camellia oleifera seeds can be improved.2More than one percentage point.

Third, the overall requirements

(A) the guiding ideology

Thoroughly implement the Party’s 18th National Congress and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 18th National Congress and the Central Committee.oneUnder the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, and in accordance with the general requirements of promoting agricultural modernization, the spirit of document No.1, the production of grain and oil crops should be coordinated. On the premise of ensuring food security, with the goal of maintaining a certain self-sufficiency level of domestic edible vegetable oil, we should focus on stabilizing the area, optimizing the structure, focusing on yield per unit area, improving quality and increasing efficiency, make efforts to strengthen policy guidance and support, mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm for planting, rationally utilize cultivated land and forest resources, and strive to increase the oil area; Efforts should be made to improve infrastructure conditions, enhance the ability to resist disasters and reduce disasters, accelerate the research and popularization of improved varieties and good methods, and improve the level and quality of yield per unit area; Efforts should be made to strengthen the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, improve the mechanization level of the whole production process of major oil crops, and realize cost reduction and efficiency increase; Efforts will be made to promote industrialized operation, improve the degree of organization and scale, and promote the sustained and stable development of oil production.

(2) Basic principles

——Make overall plans and give prominence to key points.According to the restrictive factors in increasing the yield of rapeseed, peanut and soybean, combined with the "National Master Plan for High-standard Farmland Construction", focusing on farmland construction, we should take multiple measures and comprehensively implement policies to improve production conditions and improve comprehensive production capacity. Camellia oleifera planting should adhere to local conditions, suitable land and trees, and pay equal attention to new high-yield forests and transformation of low-yield forests.

——Optimize the layout and adjust the structure.On the premise of not affecting grain production, we should comprehensively consider the conditions of water and soil resources and the basis of industrial development, optimize the layout of oil production, and build the core production areas with high and stable yields in a concentrated and contiguous manner. Further adjust the structure of oil-bearing varieties, and accelerate the promotion of "double-low" high-quality rapeseed, special peanuts, new varieties of high-oil soybeans and high-yield clones (varieties) of Camellia oleifera. Promote the grain-oil rotation system according to local conditions, develop woody oil-bearing tree species suitable for planting in different regions, and increase the oil-bearing area.

——Focus on yield per unit area, save costs and increase efficiency.Adhere to the road of connotative development, strengthen scientific and technological support, strengthen the research on breakthrough varieties suitable for machine harvesting and supporting high-yield cultivation techniques and special agricultural machinery (tools), vigorously promote the opportunity of good varieties and good methods, speed up the pace of mechanization in the whole production process, reduce production costs, tap the potential of increasing production, promote large-scale and industrialized production and management of oil materials, and improve economic benefits.

——Policy guidance and market regulation.We will improve support policies, further adjust the structure of fiscal expenditure, fixed assets investment and credit supply, increase support for bulk oil production, and build an input support mechanism to promote oil production. On the basis of giving full play to the role of market mechanism, we should strengthen market regulation, ensure reasonable income, maintain basic market stability and protect farmers’ enthusiasm for production.

(3) Development goals

Combined with the National Planting Structure Adjustment Plan (2016—2020), further adjust and optimize the planting structure, appropriately expand the area of bulk oil, and steadily improve the yield level. arrive2020In, we will strive to reach the planting area of rapeseed, peanut, soybean and camellia seed.fourAbout 100 million mu, total output5980Ten thousand tons, respectively.2014Annual increase6242Ten thousand mu,1440Ten thousand tons. Among them, rapeseed area and yield should be achieved respectively.1.2One hundred million mu,1620Ten thousand tons, than2014Annual increase618Ten thousand mu,14310,000 tons, the increase area is mainly the rice tanker production area in the Yangtze River basin; Peanut area and yield should be achieved respectively.7200Ten thousand mu,1870Ten thousand tons, than2014Annual increase294Ten thousand mu,22210,000 tons, the increase areas are mainly Huang-Huai-Hai corn-peanut rotation area and northeast farming-pastoral ecotone; Strive to restore the soybean area to1.4100 million mu, total output1890Ten thousand tons, respectively.2014Annual increase3800Ten thousand mu,67510,000 tons, the increase area is mainly the rotation of corn and soybean in Northeast China and the conversion of low-yield corn to soybean in Huang-Huai-Hai area: the seed area of Camellia oleifera is expanded to7000Ten thousand mu, Camellia oleifera seed yield600Ten thousand tons, respectively.2014Annual increase1500Ten thousand mu,four hundredTen thousand tons. The comprehensive mechanization rate of cultivation and harvest of main oil crops has improved.fiveMore than 10 percent, of which the level of mechanized harvesting of rapeseed was significantly improved. Through the improvement of the productivity of the four major oil crops, the edible vegetable oil was increased by about.230Ten thousand tons, the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil increased.three～fivePercentage points, and strive to achieve40%.

Development goal of bulk oil production

Four, the main construction tasks

In view of the main factors restricting oil production at present, the main tasks of bulk oil production capacity construction in the future are: improving farming system, vigorously promoting grain-oil rotation, developing and utilizing the resources of winter fallow fields and barren hills and slopes in southern China, and striving to expand oil planting area; Accelerate the breeding of breakthrough varieties such as early maturity and suitable for mechanical harvesting, support high-yield cultivation techniques and research and development of advanced and applicable agricultural machinery (tools), realize the matching of improved varieties and good methods, the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, improve the yield per unit area and reduce labor costs; Strengthen the construction of core production bases, improve infrastructure and material equipment conditions, and improve the scale, standardization and mechanization level of oil production.

(1) Appropriately expand the planting area

Make full use of light and mild water and soil resources, encourage farmers to develop and use winter fallow fields in the south to plant winter rapeseed, steadily expand spring rapeseed planting in the north, and strive to increase rapeseed planting area. Promote reasonable crop rotation and intercropping and other planting methods to expand the area of soybeans and peanuts. Develop and utilize the sandy soil cultivated land in the north and expand the peanut planting area according to local conditions. Use barren hills and slopes to build new Camellia oleifera forests and increase the planting area of Camellia oleifera.

(B) efforts to improve the level of yield.

First, speed up the breeding of breakthrough varieties. Strengthen the construction of scientific research capacity of oilseed breeding, deepen the joint research of major national soybean varieties, fully tap the potential of germplasm resources, improve the research and development level of new varieties, and accelerate the cultivation of new rapeseed varieties suitable for mechanized harvesting, such as high yield, consistent maturity, concentrated pod setting, close planting, cracking resistance and lodging resistance, early-maturing rapeseed varieties suitable for planting in double-cropping rice areas in southern China, and peanuts with high yield, high oil content, special use, drought tolerance, salt tolerance and strong disease resistance. The second is to study and popularize high-yield cultivation techniques and promote the matching of improved varieties and good methods. Strengthen technical guidance, guide farmers to implement standardized and standardized planting, and improve the rate of technology in place. Focus on promoting reasonable close planting, mechanical harvesting, simple cultivation and other technologies of rapeseed; Focus on popularizing precision sowing, mechanized harvesting and plastic film mulching techniques for peanuts to improve the level of commercial seed supply; Soybean focuses on the promotion of narrow row and close planting, seed coating and other technologies. The third is to improve production conditions and improve the ability of disaster prevention and sustainable development. The fourth is to speed up the breeding and propagation of high-yield camellia oleifera varieties, meet the needs of new construction and transformation of camellia oleifera bases, speed up the transformation of existing low-yield forests, and increase the yield of camellia oleifera seeds.

(3) Promote the mechanization of the whole production process.

Strengthen the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, speed up the research and development of advanced, applicable, energy-saving and environmental-friendly, economical and efficient oil planting and harvesting machinery (tools), vigorously promote the mechanization of the whole production of major oil crops, and give full play to the important role of agricultural machinery in saving costs and increasing efficiency and improving quality and increasing production. Actively develop agricultural machinery service organizations such as large agricultural machinery households and agricultural machinery cooperatives, establish and improve the socialized agricultural machinery service system, encourage cross-regional subsoiling and soil preparation, machine sowing and harvesting, and provide specialized and large-scale agricultural machinery services for oil production.

(4) Improve oil content and oil yield.

Accelerate the popularization of existing high-quality and high-oil varieties, further strengthen the breeding of high-oil varieties, promote the upgrading of varieties and improve the oil content of crops. At the same time, strengthen the technical transformation of oil processing enterprises and adopt advanced processing technology and equipment to improve the oil yield.

Five, the regional layout and the task of increasing production by variety and division

Screening from the dominant producing areas of rapeseed, peanut and soybean514A large production county as the core area of production capacity building. Among them, the average annual planting area of rapeseed and peanut producing counties.10More than 10,000 mu, the average annual planting area of soybean producing counties.15More than 10,000 mu. The key area of Camellia oleifera planting is the National Camellia Oleifera Industry Development Plan (2009—2020Years) ".519A county. according to2020The development goal of oil production in 2008 is to determine the task of increasing production in the core area and other areas respectively.

(1) Rapeseed

Dominant rapeseed producing areas include winter rapeseed producing areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, winter rapeseed producing areas in the southwest and spring rapeseed producing areas in the northwest. In the above-mentioned advantageous producing areas, rapeseed planting area is selected.10More than ten thousand mu356A production county as the core area. Strive to achieve2020In, the sown area and yield of rapeseed in the core area reached respectively.8700Ten thousand mu,1100More than ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.73% andsixty-eight%, respectively, than the current increase.618Ten thousand mu,143Ten thousand tons.

oneWinter rape producing areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Including Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and Xinyang, Henan. The region belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, with abundant sunshine and heat, and no severe cold in winter, which is suitable for the growth of winter rape. Cultivated land area in the above provinces and regions2.28100 million mu, rapeseed planting area6800Ten thousand mu, output880More than ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.60%It is the largest and most concentrated producing area of rapeseed in China. Among them,10More than ten thousand mu212Sowing area of a large production county5350Ten thousand mu, output649Ten thousand tons, accounting for the region’s.79%and74%.

The main restrictive factors of rapeseed production in this region are: first, the degree of mechanization of production is low. Varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and advanced and applicable machines are still in the research stage. The level of mechanical harvesting of rapeseed is low, and harvesting mainly depends on manual labor, which is labor-intensive and high in production cost. Second, there is a lack of early-maturing and high-yield varieties and supporting cultivation techniques. Growth period of existing main varieties220Days or so, and the interval between late rice harvest and early rice transplanting in double cropping rice area is onlyone hundred and eighty Days, stubble shortage, insufficient growth period of rapeseed, low yield per unit area and low utilization rate of winter fallow fields; Third, rapeseed is prone to meteorological disasters such as drought, waterlogging and freezing during sowing, transplanting, wintering and harvesting, which directly affects the yield formation.

The main direction of rapeseed production in this region: speed up the research and development, approval and promotion of new varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and supporting harvesting machinery (tools), improve the facilities such as mechanical ploughing roads, facilitate mechanical field operation and improve the level of production mechanization; Pay close attention to cultivating varieties with short growth period and developing and utilizing winter fallow fields; Popularize high-yield cultivation techniques such as reasonable close planting to improve the yield level; Strengthen the construction of small-scale farmland water conservancy facilities and improve the irrigation and drainage support capacity. Strive to achieve2020In, the sown area and yield of rapeseed in this region reached respectively.7000Ten thousand mu,940More than ten thousand tons, of which212The area and output of each production county reached.5600Ten thousand mu,seven hundredMore than ten thousand tons.

2Southwest winter rape producing area.Including Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and other provinces (cities), the climate in this area is warm, the effective accumulated temperature is high, the air is humid, there are many clouds and rainy days, and the relative humidity is high. Cultivated land area in the above provinces and cities8000About ten thousand mu, rapeseed planting area.3400Ten thousand mu, output460Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.thirty percent. Among them,10More than ten thousand mu125Rapeseed area in three major producing counties2190Ten thousand mu, output310Ten thousand tons, accounting for the region’s.64%and68%.

The main restrictive factors of rapeseed production in this region are: except Chengdu Plain, most areas are hilly and mountainous, and the plots are relatively fragmented, and rapeseed planting is scattered, which is not conducive to mechanized production; Farmland water conservancy facilities are weak, water storage facilities are insufficient, irrigation and drainage capacity is not strong, hilly land is prone to drought, and low-lying land is prone to waterlogging.

The main direction of rapeseed production in this region: strengthening land improvement and terrace renovation, and building centralized and contiguous production bases; Accelerate the research on varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and small and multifunctional harvesting machinery suitable for local characteristics, improve facilities such as mechanical ploughing roads, and improve the level of mechanization; Strengthen the construction of water storage and drainage facilities according to local conditions and improve the conditions of farmland water conservancy facilities. arrive2020In, the sown area and yield of rapeseed in this region reached respectively.3700Ten thousand mu,520More than ten thousand tons, of which125The area and output of each production county reached.two thousand and five hundredTen thousand mu,370More than ten thousand tons.

threeNorthern spring rape producing areas.Mainly including Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang and other provinces (regions), rape production is a one-year cropping system. Rapeseed planting area in this area900Ten thousand mu, output100Ten thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.8%, the average yield per mu is about110Kilogram. Among them,10More than ten thousand mu19Rapeseed area in three major producing counties530Ten thousand mu, output65Ten thousand tons, accounting for the region’s.59%and65%. This area has long sunshine time, less rainfall and large temperature difference between day and night, which is suitable for crop oil accumulation and improved seed breeding. Rapeseed is also a traditional cash crop in this area, with high oil content, mechanized production level and yield per unit area.

The main limiting factors of rapeseed production in this region are insufficient irrigation water, and the existing varieties are not cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant. The main direction of rapeseed production is to do a good job in breeding and popularizing drought-resistant and cold-resistant varieties, improve farming system and expand planting area; Strengthen the construction of rainwater storage facilities and water-saving irrigation facilities, rationally develop irrigation water sources, and improve irrigation guarantee rate. arrive2020In, the sown area and yield of rapeseed in this region reached respectively.nine hundred and seventyTen thousand mu,120More than ten thousand tons, of which19The area and output of each production county reached.610Ten thousand mu,80More than ten thousand tons.

(2) peanuts

The dominant producing areas of oil-pressed peanuts mainly include Shandong, Henan and Hebei.threeProvincial and perennial sown area3200Ten thousand mu, total output900More than 10,000 tons, accounting for about half of the country. Average yield per mu280Kg, higher than the national average yield per mu.1/4. The main restrictive factors of peanut production are: first, the lack of high-quality, special and high-oil varieties, and the average oil content of peanuts is only45%Left and right; Second, due to the large amount of seeds (per mutwenty～25Kg), the cost of using seeds is high, and farmers mostly use self-reserved seeds, which affects the popularization and application of new varieties. In addition, peanut is a conventional variety, with low seed propagation coefficient and low profit, and the enterprise’s breeding enthusiasm is not high; Third, there are many kinds of peanuts in barren land, with poor quality of cultivated land, insufficient irrigation water, frequent droughts and weak ability to resist disasters and reduce disasters.

In the abovethreeSelect planting area in the province10More than ten thousand mu97As a core area, a peanut production county should tap the potential of sandy soil and other resources and expand the planting area without affecting grain production; Strengthen the cultivation and popularization of high-yield, high-oil and special new varieties, improve the level of commercial seed supply, and accelerate the upgrading of varieties; Popularize high-yield, cost-saving and efficient cultivation techniques such as plastic film mulching, soil fertilization, machine sowing and harvesting, and improve the yield level and management efficiency; Strengthen the construction of field facilities such as water-saving irrigation and tractor-ploughing roads, improve production conditions and improve comprehensive production capacity. arrive2020In, the planting area and yield of peanut in the core area reached respectively.two thousand and five hundredTen thousand mu,seven hundredMore than ten thousand tons, increased respectively.150Ten thousand mu,50Ten thousand tons, accounting for the national new capacity.1/4; The sown area and yield in other areas are respectively4700Ten thousand mu,1170More than ten thousand tons, increased respectively.144Ten thousand mu,170Ten thousand tons, accounting for the national new capacity.3/4.

(3) Soybean

The dominant soybean producing areas are mainly in the three northeastern provinces and eastern Inner Mongolia, with perennial planting area.5000Ten thousand mu, output600Ten thousand tons, accounting for about half of the country. The region and American soybeans—The corn belt is similar in latitude, and belongs to the continental monsoon climate in the middle and cold temperate zones, with the same season of rain and heat, large temperature difference between day and night, sufficient sunshine, more arable land per capita, larger planting scale per household, higher level of mechanized operation and higher commodity rate of soybeans. The main restrictive factors of soybean production are: first, frequent droughts affect timely sowing and normal flowering and pod setting; Second, the popularization rate of high-yield, high-quality, special varieties and supporting cultivation techniques is low, the yield level is not high, the problem of mixed cropping and mixed harvest is prominent, and the consistency of products is poor; Third, replanting is more common, and pests and diseases are heavier.

In the abovefourIn the province (region), select the planting area.15More than ten thousand mu61As the core area, a major soybean production county will give full play to the production advantages of non-GMO soybeans, speed up the breeding and promotion of new varieties with high yield, high quality and special use by improving farmland water conservancy facilities, promote high-yield cultivation techniques with reasonable close planting as the core, promote regionalization, scale, standardized production and industrial management, and improve the yield level and planting efficiency. Carry out soybean and corn rotation system to reduce the harm of continuous cropping and expand soybean area. arrive2020In, the soybean planting area and yield in the core area reached respectively.5000Ten thousand mu,770More than ten thousand tons, increased respectively.eight hundredTen thousand mu,185Ten thousand tons, accounting for the national new capacity.2/3; The sown area and yield in other areas are respectively6500Ten thousand mu,730More than ten thousand tons, increased respectively.500Ten thousand mu,100Ten thousand tons, accounting for the national new capacity.1/3.

(4) Camellia oleifera

Camellia oleifera planting is mainly distributed in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Guizhou, Anhui, Yunnan, Chongqing, Henan, Sichuan and Shaanxi.14Province (region),2014In, the area of Camellia oleifera in the above provinces and regions5470Ten thousand mu, Camellia oleifera seed yield200Ten thousand tons, the average yield per mu.36Kg, of which Jiangxi, Hunan and Guangxi provinces account for the total area of Camellia oleifera in China.66%. The main restrictive factors of Camellia oleifera production are: large investment in the early stage of new afforestation, long growth cycle, extensive management of old Camellia oleifera forest, low yield level, and urgent need for transformation; Mechanized research and development progress is slow and the production cost is high.

According to the National Camellia oleifera Industry Development Plan (2009—2020Years), Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi.threeProvincial (district)271Counties (cities, districts) are the core development areas, including Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hubei, Guizhou, Anhui and Guangxi.sevenProvincial (district)248Counties are active development areas. Strive to achieve2020In, the area of Camellia oleifera in key areas reached.6300Ten thousand mu, the output reached.567More than 10,000 tons, new capacity396Ten thousand tons; The cultivated area and yield in other areas are respectivelyseven hundredTen thousand mu,63Ten thousand tons, new capacity.forty-fourTen thousand tons, accounting for the whole country.10%.

In addition, while vigorously developing the production of major oil crops, we should guide and encourage suitable areas to develop the production of small varieties of oil crops such as sesame, oil sunflower, walnut and almond according to local conditions, actively and steadily expand the planting area, improve crop varieties, improve the production level, increase the total output of oil crops through multiple channels, and realize the diversification of oil supply.

VI. Key Construction Projects

According to the source composition of edible vegetable oil in China, with the goal of increasing the supply of bulk oil, we will focus on strengthening the construction of scientific and technological support capabilities such as scientific research and breeding of improved varieties, research and development of agricultural machinery and tools, vigorously promote the construction of high and stable oil production bases, and create a number of centralized and contiguous oil production core areas with perfect facilities and advanced technology, which will promote the development of national oil production by radiation.

(A) field engineering construction of oil production base

Considering the financial situation and investment possibility of the central government, according to the principle of regional development and overall promotion, the whole country will be514As the focus of oil production capacity building, three major rapeseed, peanut and soybean production counties have improved field engineering facilities such as small-scale farmland water conservancy and added oil production bases.2200About ten thousand mu, improve the overall production level. Among them, the construction of high and stable oil production core demonstration base.1028Ten thousand mu (concentrated contiguous construction in each county)2More than 10,000 mu, the new grain production capacity of 100 billion Jin is within the planning scope.301A county,602Ten thousand mu). The key counties of varieties are rapeseed.356A peanut97Individual and soybean61A (100 billion Jin of new grain production capacity planning grain-producing counties are respectively182A,70Geheforty-nineA). Main construction contents: implement soil improvement project, level the land, build and improve field water conservancy projects, make up electromechanical wells, improve water-saving irrigation facilities, popularize the technology of changing soil with fertilizer and soil with soil, and accelerate the construction of high-standard farmland.

(B) Camellia oleifera forest construction

The core development area and the active development area519Counties, as the key areas for the future production capacity building of Camellia oleifera, will improve the production level by newly building and transforming Camellia oleifera forests, strengthening the cultivation of new varieties and the research and popularization of efficient cultivation techniques. The main measures include: at altitudeeight hundredBelow meters, relative height200Below meters, slope25Below, a new camellia oleifera forest will be developed in the barren hills and wasteland suitable for forest with deep soil layer; For the aged forests with poor varieties, chaotic forest conditions and serious pests and diseases, all of them adopt improved varieties and standardized regeneration afforestation to accelerate the improvement of stand structure; For the stands with vigorous growth but dominated by pure forests with inferior species and inferior plants, the stand density should be adjusted, the inferior species should be removed and the superior species should be retained, and the superior species should be grafted by high grafting and crown replacement, and the inferior species should be changed into good species; For the existing stands that have entered the full fruit stage, but have low yield due to uneven row spacing, different forest ages and neglect of management, reasonable tending management measures such as reclamation, replanting, thinning and fertilization should be taken to achieve high and stable yield in a short time.

(3) Construction of improved seed breeding system

First, on the basis of the National Oil Improvement Center and the National Soybean Improvement Center, we will further update and improve the research equipment conditions, strengthen the innovation ability of peanut breeding and the research ability of Camellia oleifera engineering technology, and improve the breeding level of excellent varieties. Second, according to the characteristics of oil crops, the distribution of production areas and the distribution of breeding technical forces, establish and improve the original seed, original seed breeding base and germplasm resource preservation base of oil crops nationwide, and provide high-quality seed sources for improved seed breeding. The third is to establish and improve the breeding base of improved varieties of bulk oil crops, especially to strengthen the supply capacity of improved varieties such as peanuts, soybeans and camellia oleifera with low propagation coefficient and slow popularization of improved varieties. Average construction scale of each improved seed production base.8000～ten thousandMu or so, the production of improved varieties to meet.thirtyDemand for more than ten thousand mu of seeds. Construction of designated ear-picking nursery and nursery for Camellia oleifera respectively.threeWanmuhe2Ten thousand mu.

(4) Full mechanized propulsion project

First, in view of the weak links such as single function, low quality level and unstable performance of oil production machines and tools, relying on some agricultural machinery research institutions, by improving infrastructure and scientific research instruments and equipment such as laboratories and test sites, we will build an open research and development platform, strengthen cooperation with agricultural machinery manufacturing enterprises to tackle key problems, accelerate the research and development of sowing, plant protection and harvesting machines and tools for oil crops such as rape, peanuts and camellia oleifera, and improve the quality, performance and versatility of machines and tools. Second, in the main oil-producing areas, especially in the advantageous areas, select a number of large production counties with good mechanized service foundation and establish demonstration bases for oil production mechanization. By introducing, demonstrating and popularizing advanced and applicable new technologies and machines for mechanized production, we will break through key weak links, assemble and support the whole mechanized production system, strengthen technical training, strengthen demonstration and popularization, actively develop various agricultural machinery service organizations, carry out socialized services, and accelerate the development pace of mechanization of oil production.

Seven, economic and social benefit analysis and environmental impact assessment

(1) Evaluation of economic and social benefits

one. Economic benefits.Through the construction of high and stable yield oil base, we can improve the conditions of oil production facilities, accelerate the research and development of new varieties with high yield, high quality and stress resistance, supporting cultivation techniques and agricultural machinery, realize the mechanization of oil production in the whole process, improve China’s oil production level and increase oil supply. After the implementation of the project, it is expected that the soybean output will increase by the end of the planning period.675Ten thousand tons, peanuts increased.222Ten thousand tons, rapeseed increased.143Ten thousand tons, Camellia oleifera seeds increased.four hundredTen thousand tons. The implementation of the plan has good economic benefits.

2Social benefits.After the implementation of the plan, it can greatly improve the facilities and conditions of the high-standard oil production demonstration base, greatly improve the efficiency of oil production, promote the transfer of farmers in the base to non-agricultural industries, and then accelerate the land transfer and implement large-scale operation. By strengthening the construction of oil production conditions, the radiation-driven effect of the base can be brought into play and the local oil production can be driven by demonstration. The construction of demonstration base also promotes the development of agricultural employment and related industries to a certain extent, and the implementation of the plan has good social benefits.

(2) Environmental impact assessment

The construction of demonstration bases for oil production is mainly implemented in farmland, and necessary agricultural machinery (tools) are purchased. The development and utilization of water resources may have an impact on the environment and other economic and social water use. Therefore, water resources should be demonstrated, the degree of water resources development should be reasonably controlled, the water consumption for life, production and ecology should be coordinated, the reasonable irrigation water consumption should be determined, and the water resources balance should be maintained. Partial irrigation of farmland and drainage and water withdrawal will have an impact on river water quality, so it is necessary to do preventive work in advance. When building an oil production base in hilly areas, soil and water conservation measures such as changing slopes into ladders, changing ridges along slopes, and repairing plant belts should be adopted to prevent soil erosion caused by unreasonable farming methods and effectively protect soil and water resources. In addition, the use of inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides has increased, which has a certain impact on the environment. Such as blind and excessive fertilization, will lead to agricultural non-point source pollution; Long-term single application of chemical fertilizer will acidify and harden the soil; The unabsorbed nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer enters the underground or surface water body, causing eutrophication of the water body; Excessive use of pesticides and herbicides will inhibit soil microorganisms, affect the activity of enzymes and the transformation of nutrients in soil, reduce soil fertility, and also endanger the quality of surface water or groundwater. Therefore, it is necessary to popularize soil testing and formula fertilization, apply fertilizer according to local conditions, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer, improve the use efficiency, popularize efficient fertilization technology, apply it reasonably and deeply, change the traditional fertilization habits, cultivate new varieties resistant to pests and diseases, improve crop resistance, reduce the amount of pesticides, reduce the amount of pesticides, develop biological pesticides, and encourage the use of natural enemies for biological control, thus reducing the impact on the ecological environment.

Viii. Safeguard measures for planning and implementation

(A) to strengthen organizational leadership

All regions and relevant departments should unify their thinking, raise awareness, attach great importance to the production of bulk oil, and put the development of rapeseed, peanut, soybean and camellia oleifera production and ensuring the supply of edible vegetable oil as an important content on the agenda. It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, set up a leading group for planning and implementation, which is responsible for the competent leadership of the government and closely coordinated by relevant departments, coordinate the development of grain, oil and other cash crops, refine various measures to promote the development of bulk oil crops, and complete the construction tasks determined by the plan.

Relevant departments in the State Council should increase their support for the development of bulk oil, strengthen communication and cooperation, and steadily push forward the implementation of the plan. The Development and Reform Commission will do a good job in comprehensive coordination, the financial department will implement various funds to support oil production, and the agricultural and forestry departments will do a good job in production guidance and technical services, strengthen research on new varieties and technologies of oil, and accelerate the popularization and application of improved varieties and good methods. Agriculture (agricultural machinery), forestry, development and reform, industrial information and other departments should pay close attention to the research and development and industrialization of agricultural machinery and the mechanization of oil production. The water conservancy department shall guide the construction of water conservancy projects, rationally allocate water resources, and ensure the production water demand. The science and technology department is responsible for the scientific research of oil production, strengthening basic and public welfare research, and accelerating the progress and innovation of oil science and technology.

(2) Increase policy support.

Investment in the central budget, funds for comprehensive agricultural development, funds for land consolidation and development, funds for irrigation and water conservancy construction, etc., should actively tilt to the planned oil-producing counties and accelerate the construction of high and stable oil-producing bases. Increase subsidies for oil production, increase incentive funds for oil-producing counties, and directly use the incentive funds to develop oil production, so as to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to grow oil and grass-roots governments to catch oil. Take a variety of ways to support insurance institutions to carry out oil crop insurance business. Explore the establishment of a diversified investment mechanism for oil production, implement policies such as interest subsidies for oil production loans and financial incentives, and build a policy support system for the integration of financial funds and credit funds. Encourage enterprises to invest in the construction of bulk oil production bases and attract social funds to invest in oil production. Innovate the investment mechanism, take the form of substituting awards for subsidies, encourage and support grass-roots governments and farmers to build small-scale irrigation and water conservancy facilities, especially actively use winter fallow fields and transform saline-alkali land to further improve oil production capacity. Encourage agricultural machinery manufacturers to upgrade around saving costs and increasing efficiency, focus on supporting the research and development of oil sowing and harvesting machinery, and accelerate the mechanization of oil production.

(3) Strengthening scientific and technological innovation and popularization and application.

Integrate oil research forces, make use of existing resources, build a basic and public welfare research and development platform, strengthen oil research work, accelerate oil scientific and technological innovation, and achieve new breakthroughs in varieties and technologies. Adhere to the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, adjust the target of variety breeding according to the needs of agricultural machinery operation, accelerate the breakthrough in the fields of varieties, supporting cultivation techniques and harvesting machines, and promote the mechanization of bulk oil production. Support the cultivation and industrialization of oil-bearing varieties on the basis of merit, and promote the breeding and industrialization of new oil-bearing varieties. Improve the new extension mechanism with agricultural extension agencies as the main body, scientific research units, universities, enterprises and agricultural socialized service organizations to participate extensively, improve the quality of agricultural extension personnel, and earnestly do a good job in oil technology extension services. We will carry out large-scale green high-yield and high-efficiency creation, select counties and cities with good basic conditions and great potential for increasing production to promote the whole system, demonstrate large areas to promote high and stable oil production, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

(D) Promoting industrialized operation

Guide the orderly circulation of land, strengthen land consolidation, and promote the centralized and contiguous planting of oil crops. Cultivate and develop farmers’ professional cooperative organizations, promote large-scale, standardized and specialized production of bulk oil, enhance the degree of organization, and implement unified management. According to the idea of promoting the integration and development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, we will support a number of large-scale and high-level leading oil processing enterprises, enhance the ability of enterprises to drive farmers, guide processing enterprises to establish cooperative relations between production and marketing with farmers and cooperative organizations, vigorously develop order production, and realize the industrialized operation of oil. Support large producers and cooperative organizations to invest in oil processing enterprises, form a community of interests, and promote upstream and downstream cooperation in the industrial chain. Support oil processing enterprises to cooperate with scientific research units to form collaborative innovation in Industry-University-Research, increase investment in scientific research and production, and make breakthroughs in the fields of variety research and development, supporting cultivation techniques and harvesting machines as soon as possible. We will improve the new extension mechanism with agricultural extension agencies as the main body, and scientific research units, universities, enterprises and agricultural socialized service organizations will participate extensively, and actively provide farmers with improved varieties and technical services.

(5) Strengthen market regulation.

Strengthen the monitoring and analysis of oil production, consumption and import and export, and timely and accurately grasp the market dynamics of bulk oil and edible vegetable oil. Strengthen market price control, improve the price policy of rapeseed and soybean, ensure the benefit of oil planting and protect farmers’ enthusiasm for production. Give full play to the function of the futures market and guide new business entities to participate in futures trading. Further improve the central and local reserve systems, play a role in stabilizing the market and ensuring supply, and support large grain and oil processing enterprises to participate in commercial turnover reserves.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client September 30th (Seimi Zhang) The words "deposit" and "savings" cannot appear on the adjustment of mortgage interest rate policy, the express parcel is not allowed to be "lost" at will, the train diagram of the national railway adjustment and the insurance leaflet. September has come to an end, and in October, a number of new regulations will be formally implemented, which will affect your life and mine.

　　New national regulations

　　The new personal mortgage interest rate is adjusted according to LPR.

　　Since October 8th, the interest rate policy of housing loan has changed: the new commercial loan interest rate is formed by adding the loan market quotation rate (LPR) of the latest month as the pricing benchmark; The interest rate of two sets of commercial personal housing loans shall not be lower than the quoted interest rate of the loan market for the corresponding period plus 60 basis points; The loan interest rate for commercial housing purchase shall not be lower than the quoted loan market interest rate for the corresponding period plus 60 basis points. The interest rate policy of provident fund personal housing loan will not be adjusted for the time being.

　　The provincial branches of the central bank shall, in accordance with the principle of "making policy according to the city", determine the lower limit of the interest rate of the first and second sets of commercial personal housing loans within their jurisdiction on the basis of the unified national credit policy and according to the changes in the local real estate market situation. Banking financial institutions should reasonably determine the specific plus point value of each loan according to the lower limit of plus point.

　　Data map: Express cabinet. Zhongxin Jingwei Seimi Zhang photo

　　Express parcels are not allowed to "throw" the express cabinet at will.

　　The "Measures for the Administration of Intelligent Express Box Delivery Service" will be implemented on October 1, when the user will be given the right to choose whether the package can be put into the express box.

　　In life, people often encounter such a thing. When the recipient is not at home, many couriers will put the express parcel in the smart express box. Some couriers even put the express parcel in the express box without the consent of the recipient. At present, the intelligent express box service is not standardized and there are hidden dangers, which once became the focus of attention of all parties. In this regard, the State Post Bureau issued the "Measures for the Administration of Intelligent Express Box Delivery Service", which stipulates that the delivery of parcels in express boxes requires the consent of the recipients, and at the same time, no fees may be charged.

　　Nurseries and kindergartens cannot be built together with commercial and entertainment buildings.

　　The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development recently announced the partial revision of the industry standard "Code for Design of Nurseries and Kindergartens" (hereinafter referred to as "Code"), which will take effect on October 1, 2019.

　　The Code clarifies that at present, some nurseries and kindergartens are jointly built with commercial, entertainment and other buildings, which are prone to fire, and the joint construction with these buildings poses great hidden dangers to the safety of young children. Therefore, it is stipulated that nurseries and kindergartens can only be built together with residential, pension, education and office buildings. These buildings are relatively standardized in management and the probability of fire is relatively small. In addition, in order to ensure the safety of infants and young children, it is stipulated that independent evacuation stairs and safety exits should be set up, which should comply with the provisions of the fire protection code for building design.

　　The Regulations on the Protection of Children’s Personal Information Network will be implemented on October 1.

　　The Regulations on the Protection of Children’s Personal Information Network (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) came into effect on October 1, which is the first special legislation on the protection of children’s personal information network in China.

　　The Regulations clarify that no organization or individual may produce, publish or disseminate information that infringes on the safety of children’s personal information. The Regulations point out that network operators should set up special rules and user agreements for the protection of children’s personal information, and designate special persons to be responsible for the protection of children’s personal information.

　　Data map: Harmony high-speed rail. Zhongxin jingwei photo

　　The new train diagram will be implemented on October 11th.

　　From 0: 00 on October 11th, the railway will implement a new train diagram, which will adjust some high-speed trains and general-speed trains, Jiaozuo — Shenzhen North G75 changed to G549, Zhengzhou East — Guilin North G425/6 times changed to G439/40 times, Beijing West — Lanzhou West G427/8 was changed to G437/8, Beijing West — Lanzhou Z75/6 times changed to Z129/30 times, Luoyang — Ningbo K428/5 and K426/7 were changed to K168/5 and K166/7 respectively. Z182/3 Shenzhen East — Linhe is adjusted to Shenzhen East — Baotou.

　　In addition, the Ningqi Railway will run through the whole line for the first time. The Ningqi Railway will run 7.5 pairs of CR200J Fuxing power centralized EMU trains, and you can sit all the way from Qidong and Haimen to Nanjing. For the first time, two pairs of bullet trains were opened from Xiamen to Meizhou, and the fastest travel time of the railway was shortened from about 5.5 hours to more than 3 hours, further strengthening the exchanges between Fujian and Guangdong.

　　The newly-built Mei (Zhou) Shan (Tou) Railway will be put into operation. At that time, the D3286/7 and D3288/5 times from Hankou (Yichang East) to Xiamen North will be extended to the west end of Meizhou, and the trains will be changed to D3286/7/6 and D3285/8/5 times. The bullet trains from Wuhan will go directly to Zhangzhou, Chaoshan, Jieyang, Fengshun, Shejiang and Meizhou for the first time.

　　Health food will pay equal attention to production and management.

　　The Measures for the Administration of the Catalogue of Health Food Raw Materials and the Catalogue of Health Functions issued by the State Administration of Market Supervision will be officially implemented on October 1st.

　　The method clarifies the procedures and paths for the formulation, adjustment and publication of the catalogue of health food raw materials and the catalogue of health functions that are allowed to be claimed, changes the situation dominated by the government in the past, allows industrial enterprises to stand in the center of the catalogue and function research stage, and greatly encourages and promotes industrial R&D and innovation.

　　Food safety sampling inspection covers vending machines and unmanned supermarkets.

　　In August this year, the State Administration of Markets issued the newly revised Administrative Measures for Sampling Inspection of Food Safety, which will be implemented on October 1, 2019.

　　The "Measures" clarify that the market supervision and management department can refer to the provisions of these Measures on online food safety supervision and sampling inspection to organize sampling inspection for food operators without actual operators such as vending machines and unmanned supermarkets.

　　In addition, the results of supervision and sampling inspection and the information related to the verification and disposal of unqualified food should be recorded in the credit files of food producers and operators as required, and the information such as administrative punishment should be collected into the national enterprise credit information publicity system according to law. If there are serious violations of law and dishonesty, joint punishment shall be implemented according to regulations.

　　The first import of prepackaged foods labels was cancelled.

　　In order to facilitate the relevant import enterprises and further optimize the business environment at the port. On October 1st, China cancelled the filing of the first import label from prepackaged foods. Prepackaged foods refers to food prepackaged or made in packaging materials and containers.

　　It is worth noting that the cancellation of filing is not the cancellation of supervision. As one of the food inspection items, the imported prepackaged foods labels are inspected by the customs in accordance with the relevant laws and administrative regulations on food safety and import and export commodity inspection. Where the imported prepackaged foods is selected by the customs for on-site inspection or laboratory inspection, the importer shall submit its qualification certification materials, original and translated labels imported into prepackaged foods, Chinese label samples and other certification materials to the customs officers.

　　The customs suggests that consumers should try to buy imported food from formal channels, and they can ask the merchants for the Inspection and Quarantine Certificate of Entry Goods when purchasing. If consumers find that the imported labels from prepackaged foods are suspected of violating relevant regulations, they can report to the customs department.

　　Data Map: China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. Zhongxin Jingwei Zhang Yihua photo

　　The words "deposit" and "savings" cannot appear on the insurance leaflet.

　　On August 27th this year, the official website of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission released the Measures for the Administration of Commercial Banks’ insurance agency business (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), which regulated many details of commercial banks’ insurance agency business and came into effect on October 1st.

　　According to the Measures, all kinds of insurance documents and publicity materials should be obviously different from bank documents and publicity materials in terms of color, style and materials, and the Chinese and English words with the name of a commercial bank or the image logo of a commercial bank should not be used, and the words "deposit", "savings" and "jointly launched with the bank" should not appear.

　　Combined declaration of urban land use tax and property tax

　　Recently, State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China issued the Announcement on Revising the Declaration Form of Urban Land Use Tax and Property Tax (hereinafter referred to as the Announcement). Since October 1, 2019, urban land use tax and property tax have been declared together.

　　The Announcement clarifies that the tax return, detailed tax reduction and exemption return and tax source list of urban land use tax and real estate tax will be merged into the tax return of urban land use tax and real estate tax, detailed tax reduction and exemption return of urban land use tax and real estate tax, and detailed tax source list of urban land use tax and real estate tax.

　　Data map. Zhongxin Jingwei Seimi Zhang photo

　　New local regulations

　　Hebei: Individual rental housing is subject to income tax of 5%-10% of the rent.

　　Hebei Provincial Taxation Bureau has standardized and improved how to pay individual income tax on individual rental housing in Hebei Province. If individual rental housing cannot provide cost, income tax will be levied at 5%-10% of rental income, and the new regulations will be implemented as of October 1.

　　Hebei stipulates that if an individual rents (sublets) a house and cannot provide legal and accurate proof of the cost and expenses, and cannot accurately calculate the cost and expenses of renting the house, the taxable income shall be verified within the range of 5%-10% of the rental income. The specific application ratio shall be determined by the municipal tax authorities. The municipal tax authorities refer to all districts and cities (including Dingzhou and xinji city) and xiong’an new area Taxation Bureau.

　　Official website, Hainan Provincial Housing Provident Fund Administration. Zhongxin Jingwei Seimi Zhang photo

　　Hainan: Adjustment of Renting and Withdrawing Provident Fund Business

　　From October 1st, Hainan clarified the definition standard of employee’s renting land and the number of months of renting, and reiterated that rental housing should have legal ownership requirements, further curbing the problem of paying employees’ fictitious renting consumption behavior to take housing provident fund.

　　Hainan stipulates that employees withdraw the housing provident fund to pay the rental. If the employee’s deposit place has not changed within the validity period of the rental withdrawal dating back one year from the date of issuance of the certificate of no housing, it is determined that the deposit place of the housing provident fund is his rental place, and the actual number of months that can be withdrawn from renting a house does not exceed the number of months of deposit; During the validity period, if the employee’s deposit place changes, the rental place shall be determined according to the deposit place, and the actual number of months that can be extracted from the rental house shall not exceed the number of months that the rental place is determined by the section; During the period of validity, if the employees stop paying, the rental place during the period of suspension will be determined according to the continuous deposit place before the suspension, and the number of months of suspension can be included in the actual rental months; The precondition that employees must pay in full for 3 months in a row when handling the rental withdrawal business refers to the deposit behavior that employees pay in full for 3 months every month when applying for rental withdrawal. Repayment is not recognized as continuous deposit.

　　Guangxi: Self-heating food is prohibited on trains.

　　The Regulations on Railway Safety Management in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) will be officially implemented on October 1st.

　　The "Regulations" put forward clear requirements for passengers’ behavior, and included 14 kinds of behaviors that endanger the order and safety of railway stations and cars, such as dominating seats, staying on the platform, crossing the platform, using self-heating food, and spreading rumors. In addition, the "Regulations" also clarify that if passengers commit acts that endanger railway safety, they will be included in the untrustworthy system.

　　In addition, flying drones and flying kites within 500 meters along the railway and building plastic greenhouses in railway protected areas are prohibited.

　　Qinghai: The Measures for the Mediation of Price Disputes in Qinghai Province came into effect on October 1st.

　　On October 1st, the first provincial government regulation on price dispute mediation in Qinghai Province, the Measures for Price Dispute Mediation in Qinghai Province (hereinafter referred to as the Measures), will be officially implemented.

　　The Measures stipulate the subject, conditions, scope and time limit of price dispute mediation. The conditions of mediation include four aspects: "matters that fall within the scope of price dispute mediation, the parties to the dispute agree to mediation, have a direct interest in the disputed matters, and have clear mediation requests, reasons and factual basis". The "Measures" also stipulate that the mediation of price disputes should adhere to the principle of efficiency, and in general, it should be completed within 45 days from the date of acceptance.

　　Qingdao: "Reducing the certificate to facilitate the people", the administrative organ may not ask for the certificate repeatedly.

　　The Interim Provisions of Qingdao Municipality on the Administration of Certification Matters (hereinafter referred to as the Interim Provisions) shall come into force on October 1st. It is reported that the "Interim Provisions" have innovatively standardized many aspects of the management of certification matters, which is the first in China.

　　The "Interim Provisions" stipulates that citizens, legal persons or other organizations have submitted certificates that have entered the handling process when handling relevant matters, and the administrative organs responsible for the follow-up of the same government service matters shall not require citizens, legal persons or other organizations to provide them repeatedly.

　　Taiyuan: Ethanol gasoline will be widely used from October.

　　From October 1st, Taiyuan will fully promote the use of ethanol gasoline for vehicles. All gas stations are prohibited from selling non-vehicle ethanol gasoline to end users (except for military special needs and national and special reserve oil), and all vehicles will be sold ethanol gasoline instead.

　　According to the notice issued by the Shanxi provincial government, in order to further optimize the energy structure, reduce the emission of automobile exhaust pollutants and improve the ecological environment, Shanxi will promote the use of ethanol gasoline for vehicles step by step in the province, and pilot projects will be carried out in Taiyuan, Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng and other cities involved in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei air pollution transmission channel in 2019. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

Measures for examination and approval of main crop varieties

(Order No.4 of 2016 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on July 8, 2016, Order No.2 of 2019 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on April 25, 2019 and Amendment No.2 of 2022 issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on January 21, 2022 shall come into force on August 15, 2016)

Chapter I General Principles

the first In order to scientifically, fairly and timely examine and approve the main crop varieties, these measures are formulated in accordance with the Seed Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Seed Law).

the second These Measures shall apply to the examination and approval of major crop varieties in People’s Republic of China (PRC).

Article The main crops mentioned in these Measures refer to rice, wheat, corn, cotton and soybeans.

Article 4 The competent agricultural and rural departments of the people’s governments at or above the provincial level shall take measures to strengthen the supervision and management of variety examination and approval. The competent agricultural and rural departments of the people’s governments at the provincial level shall improve the regional cooperation mechanism for variety breeding and approval, and promote the breeding and popularization of excellent varieties.

Chapter II Variety Approval Committee

Article 5 The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has established the National Crop Variety Approval Committee, which is responsible for the approval of national crop varieties. The competent agricultural and rural departments of the provincial people’s government shall set up a provincial crop variety examination and approval committee to be responsible for the examination and approval of provincial crop varieties.

The crop variety approval committee shall establish approval files including application documents, variety approval test data, seed samples, approval opinions and approval conclusions to ensure traceability.

Article 6 Variety Approval Committee is composed of professionals in scientific research, teaching, production, promotion, management and use. Members should have senior professional and technical titles or positions at or above the division level, generally under the age of 55. The term of office is five years, and the re-election shall not exceed two terms.

Variety Approval Committee has 1 director and 2-5 deputy directors.

Article 7 The Variety Approval Committee shall set up an office to be responsible for the daily work of the Variety Approval Committee, with 1 director and 1-2 deputy directors.

Article 8 Variety Approval Committee shall set up professional committees according to crop types, and each professional committee shall consist of an odd number of 9-23 people, with 1 director and 1-2 deputy directors.

The provincial variety examination and approval committee may merge and set up professional committees for major crops with small planting area in this area.

Article 9 The variety examination and approval committee shall set up a chairman committee, which shall be composed of the director and deputy director of the variety examination and approval committee, the directors of various professional committees and the director of the office.

Chapter III Application and Acceptance

Article 10 Units and individuals applying for variety approval (hereinafter referred to as applicants) may apply directly to the National Crop Variety Approval Committee or the Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee.

Those who apply for variety approval of genetically modified main crops (excluding cotton) shall apply directly to the National Crop Variety Approval Committee.

If an overseas institution or individual without a habitual residence or business place in China applies for variety approval in China, it shall entrust a domestic seed enterprise with legal person status as an agent.

Article 11 An applicant may apply for national or provincial examination alone, or both, or apply to several provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government at the same time.

Article 12 Varieties applying for examination and approval shall meet the following conditions:

(a) artificial breeding or discovery and improvement;

(2) It is obviously different from the existing varieties (other varieties that have been approved or accepted by the variety approval committee at the corresponding level);

(3) The morphological characteristics and biological characteristics are consistent;

(4) The genetic traits are stable;

(5) Having a name that conforms to the Regulations on Naming Agricultural Plant Varieties;

(six) has completed the variety comparison test of the same ecological type area with more than two production cycles and more points. Among them, the application for national variety approval, rice, wheat, corn variety comparison test of not less than 20 points per year, cotton, soybean variety comparison test of not less than 10 points per year, or have a provincial variety approval test results report; To apply for provincial variety approval, the variety comparison test shall be no less than 5 points every year.

Article 13 To apply for variety approval, the following materials shall be submitted to the office of the Variety Approval Committee:

(1) An application form, including the crop species and variety name, the applicant’s name, address, postal code, contact person, telephone number, fax number, nationality, unit or individual for variety breeding (hereinafter referred to as breeder) and other contents;

(2) Variety breeding report, including parental combination and parental consanguinity, breeding method, generation and characteristic description of hybrid; Description of characteristics of varieties (including hybrid parents), standard pictures, suggested test areas and cultivation points; Main defects of varieties and problems that should be paid attention to;

(3) Variety comparison test report, including test varieties, undertaking units, resistance performance, quality, yield results, data of each test site and summary results, etc.;

(four) varieties and application materials authenticity commitment.

In addition to the materials specified in the preceding paragraph, the genetically modified main crop varieties shall also provide the following materials:

(1) Information about transformants, including the target gene and the specific detection method of transformants;

(2) License agreement of the owner of the transformed body;

(3) An agricultural genetically modified organism safety certificate obtained in accordance with Article 16 of the Regulations on the Safety Management of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms;

(4) A testing report on the consistency between the target traits of transgenic plants and the characteristics of transformants issued by a technical testing institution with testing conditions and capabilities;

(5) Where a non-recipient variety breeder applies for variety examination and approval, it shall also provide the license or cooperation agreement of the recipient variety owner.

Article 14 The office of the Variety Approval Committee shall make a decision on acceptance or rejection within 45 days after receiving the application materials, and notify the applicant in writing.

In accordance with the provisions of Article 12 and Article 13 of these Measures, it shall be accepted, and the applicant shall be notified to provide experimental seeds within 30 days. For those who provide test seeds, the office will arrange variety tests. Failing to provide experimental seeds within the time limit shall be deemed to have withdrawn the application.

Those that do not conform to the provisions of Articles 12 and 13 of these Measures shall not be accepted. The applicant may state his opinions or make amendments to the application materials within 30 days after receiving the notice. If he fails to state his opinions or make amendments within the time limit, he shall be deemed to have withdrawn his application. If the amendment still does not meet the requirements, the application shall be rejected.

Article 15 The office of the Variety Approval Committee shall take standard samples from the experimental seeds provided by the applicant and submit them to the standard sample bank of plant varieties designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for preservation.

Chapter IV Variety Test

Article 16 Variety test includes the following contents:

(1) Regional test;

(2) production test;

(3) Variety specificity, consistency and stability test (hereinafter referred to as DUS test).

Article 17 National variety regional test and production test are organized and implemented by the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, while provincial variety regional test and production test are organized and implemented by provincial seed management institutions.

The organization and implementation unit of variety test shall fully listen to the opinions of the applicants and experts for variety approval, rationally set up test groups, optimize the layout of test points, establish and improve the management system, scientifically formulate the test implementation plan, and announce it to the public.

Article 18 Regional trials should identify the high yield, stable yield, adaptability and stress resistance of varieties, and carry out quality analysis and DNA fingerprint detection. Detecting transgenic components of non-transgenic varieties; The authenticity of transgenic varieties was tested, and the consistency test report of transgenic target traits and transformant characteristics was verified.

The regional test of each variety takes no less than two production cycles, and the field test design adopts random block or comparison method. There are not less than 10 experimental sites in the same ecological type area at the national level and not less than 5 at the provincial level.

Article 19 After the completion of the regional test, in the same ecological type area, according to the main local production methods, the high yield, stable yield, adaptability and stress resistance of the varieties were further verified under the conditions close to field production.

The number of production test sites of each variety is not less than that of regional test sites, the planting area of each variety at a test site is not less than 300 square meters and not more than 3,000 square meters, and the test time is not less than one production cycle.

For varieties with outstanding comprehensive characteristics in the first production cycle, the production test can be carried out simultaneously with the regional test in the second production cycle.

Article 20 The control varieties of regional test and production test should be approved varieties popularized and applied in the same ecological type area at the same time, which have good representativeness.

The control varieties are put forward by the organization and implementation unit of variety test, confirmed by the relevant professional committees of the variety examination and approval committee, and replaced in time according to the needs of agricultural production development.

The provincial crop variety examination and approval committee shall report the reference varieties of provincial regional tests and production tests to the National Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee for the record.

Article 21 The undertaking unit of regional test, production test and DUS test shall have the qualification of independent legal person, with stable test land, instruments and equipment and technical personnel.

Technical personnel of variety test shall have college degree or above in relevant major or intermediate professional title or above, and relevant work experience in variety test, and receive relevant technical training regularly.

The identification of stress resistance shall be undertaken by the identification institution designated by the Variety Approval Committee, and the quality inspection, DNA fingerprint inspection and transgenic inspection shall be undertaken by qualified inspection institutions.

Units and individuals undertaking variety testing, testing and identification shall be responsible for the authenticity of the data.

The undertaking unit of genetically modified variety test shall take corresponding safety management and preventive measures in accordance with the Regulations on the Safety Management of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms and relevant laws, administrative regulations and departmental rules.

Article 22 The organization and implementation unit of the variety test shall, jointly with the office of the Variety Approval Committee, regularly organize the variety test inspection, check the test quality, appraise the performance of the tested varieties, and form an inspection report, and keep the on-site picture materials for the varieties showing serious defects in the field.

Article 23 The organization and implementation unit of variety test shall hold a summary meeting of variety test within 45 days after the end of each production cycle. The professional committee of the Variety Approval Committee shall determine whether to terminate the test, continue the test and submit it for approval according to the test summary results and test investigation, and the office of the Variety Approval Committee shall notify the applicant of the variety treatment results in time.

Article 24 The applicant has the ability to test and the test variety is its own variety, and can carry out the variety test by itself according to the following requirements:

(a) on the basis of national or provincial variety regional test, to carry out production test;

(2) If its own varieties belong to special-purpose varieties, it shall carry out regional tests and production tests on its own, and the production tests may be combined with the regional tests in the second production cycle. The scope and test requirements of special-purpose varieties shall be determined by the variety examination and approval committee at the same level;

(3) If the applicant belongs to an enterprise consortium, a scientific research enterprise consortium and a scientific research unit consortium, organize the variety test of the corresponding block. The number of members of the consortium shall be no less than five, and relevant cooperation agreements shall be signed, and the responsibilities and obligations shall be defined in accordance with the principle of equal rights and responsibilities. A legal entity can only participate in one test consortium in the same test area group.

The implementation plan of conducting variety test by itself as stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall be reported to the national or provincial variety test organization and implementation unit within 30 days before sowing, and those that meet the requirements shall be included in the unified management of national or provincial variety test.

Article 25 Except for the target traits, the other characteristics of the genetically modified varieties applied for examination and approval have not changed with the recipient varieties, and the recipient varieties have passed the examination and approval and have not been revoked. Variety tests shall be conducted in the following two situations:

(a) the suitable planting area for examination and approval is within the range of the suitable planting area of the recipient variety, which can simplify the test procedure and only need to carry out the production test for one year;

(two) if the suitable planting area for examination and approval is not within the scope of the suitable planting area of the recipient variety, it shall carry out two-year regional test and one-year production test.

For the transferred new varieties, two-year regional test, one-year production test and DUS test should be carried out.

Article 26 DUS testing is carried out by the applicant independently or by a testing institution authorized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and is guided by the Science and Technology Development Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

The applicant shall, within 30 days before sowing, report the test plan to the Science and Technology Development Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs or the provincial seed management institution according to the approved level. The Science and Technology Development Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the provincial seed management institutions respectively supervise and inspect the DUS testing process of national and provincial approvals, and conduct spot checks to verify the authenticity of samples and test reports.

The approximate varieties selected for DUS test should be the varieties with the most similar characteristics, and the DUS test should be carried out according to the DUS test guidelines for the corresponding main crops. The test report shall be signed by the legal representative or authorized by the legal representative.

Article 27 Seed enterprises that meet the requirements stipulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and have obtained the license of combining breeding, production and operation (hereinafter referred to as integrated seed enterprises of breeding, propagation and pushing) can carry out variety tests on their own for non-transgenic varieties of major crops independently developed in the corresponding ecological areas, and submit application materials after completing the test procedures.

The test implementation plan shall be reported to the national or provincial variety test organization and implementation unit for the record within 30 days before sowing.

Seed enterprises with integrated breeding, propagation and promotion shall establish archives including the process of variety selection, experimental implementation plan, experimental original data and other relevant information, be responsible for the authenticity of experimental data, ensure traceability, and accept the supervision of the competent agricultural and rural departments of the people’s governments at or above the provincial level and the society.

Chapter V Examination, Approval and Announcement

Article 28 For varieties that have completed the test procedure, the applicant, the organization and implementation unit of variety test, and the seed enterprise integrating breeding, propagation and promotion shall submit the data, summary results, DNA fingerprint test report, DUS test report and transformant authenticity test report of each test site of rice, corn, cotton, soybean and wheat varieties to the office of the Variety Approval Committee before the end of February and the end of September respectively.

The office of the Variety Approval Committee shall submit the preliminary examination to the relevant professional committee of the Variety Approval Committee within 30 days, and the professional committee shall complete the preliminary examination within 30 days.

Article 29 In the preliminary examination of varieties, all professional committees shall hold a plenary meeting, and the meeting shall be valid if the members present at the meeting reach more than two-thirds of the total number of members of the professional Committee. In the preliminary examination of varieties, according to the examination and approval standards, a secret ballot is adopted, and varieties with more than half of the votes in favor of the total number of members of the professional Committee pass the preliminary examination.

The professional committee shall examine and verify the variety test data and other materials submitted by the seed enterprises with integrated breeding, propagation and promotion, and pass the preliminary examination if they meet the examination and approval standards.

Article 30 The first instance implements the avoidance system. The withdrawal of the director of the professional committee shall be decided by the office of the Variety Approval Committee; The withdrawal of other members shall be decided by the director of the professional Committee.

Article 31 The varieties that have passed the preliminary examination shall, within 30 days, be publicized on the official website of the competent agricultural and rural departments at the same level by the office of the Variety Approval Committee, with a publicity period of not less than 30 days.

Article 32 After the expiration of the publicity period, the office of the Variety Approval Committee shall submit the preliminary examination opinions and publicity results to the chairman of the Variety Approval Committee for review. The chairman’s committee shall complete the audit within 30 days. If it is approved by the examination, it will pass the examination and approval.

Seed enterprises with integrated breeding, propagation and promotion shall carry out independent research and development variety tests. After the varieties pass the preliminary examination, they shall submit the standard samples of varieties to the standard sample bank of plant varieties designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for preservation during the publicity period.

Article 33 Approved varieties shall be numbered and issued certificates by the Variety Approval Committee, and announced by the competent agricultural and rural departments at the same level.

Before the announcement of crop varieties approved at the provincial level, the competent agricultural and rural authorities of the provincial people’s government shall report the variety names and other information to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for publicity, and the publicity period shall be 15 working days.

Article 34 The approval number is the abbreviation of the approval committee, the abbreviation of crop species, the year number and the serial number, in which the serial number is four digits.

Article 35 The contents of the approval announcement include: approval number, variety name, applicant, breeder, variety source, morphological characteristics, growth period (group), yield, quality, stress resistance, key points of cultivation techniques, suitable planting area and matters needing attention.

Genetically modified varieties should also include the owner of the transformant, the name of the transformant, the number of the safety certificate of agricultural genetically modified organisms, and the transgenic target traits.

The announcement of provincial variety approval shall be reported to the National Crop Variety Approval Committee for the record within 30 days after its release.

The variety name announced in the examination and approval announcement is the common name of the variety. It is forbidden to change the generic name of this variety without authorization in the process of production, management and promotion.

Article 36 The contents of the approval certificate include: approval number, variety name, applicant, breeder, variety source, approval opinion, announcement number and certificate number.

Genetically modified varieties should also include the owner of the transformant, the name of the transformant, and the number of the safety certificate of agricultural genetically modified organisms.

Article 37 For varieties that fail to pass the examination and approval, the office of the Variety Examination and Approval Committee shall notify the applicant in writing within 30 days. If the applicant disagrees with the examination and approval results, he may, within 30 days from the date of receiving the notice, apply to the original variety examination and approval committee or the national variety examination and approval committee for review. The Variety Approval Committee shall review the reasons for review, the original approval documents and the original approval procedures during the next approval meeting. Objection to the identification results of pests and diseases, the Variety Approval Committee deems it necessary, and arranges other units to identify again.

The office of the Variety Approval Committee shall notify the applicant in writing of the review results within 30 days after the review.

Article 38 Variety approval standards shall be formulated by the crop variety approval committee at the same level. Approval criteria should be conducive to the improvement and coordination of yield, quality, resistance, etc., and to the promotion of varieties that meet the needs of market and life consumption.

Provincial variety approval standards shall be reported to the National Crop Variety Approval Committee for the record within 30 days after promulgation.

The formulation of variety approval standards shall be publicly solicited.

Chapter VI Filing of Introduction

Article 39 The competent department of agriculture and rural affairs of the provincial people’s government shall establish a mutual recognition mechanism for inter-provincial variety test data sharing in the same suitable ecological area, and carry out introduction and filing.

Article 40 Varieties that have passed the provincial examination and approval are introduced from other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the same suitable ecological region, and the introducers shall report to the competent agricultural and rural departments of the people’s governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government for the record.

At the time of filing, the introducer shall fill in the introduction filing form, including the crop type, variety name, name of the introducer, contact information, suitable planting area of the approved variety, proposed introduction area and other information.

Article 41 The introducer shall carry out adaptability and disease resistance tests for not less than one year in the area to be introduced, and be responsible for the authenticity, safety and adaptability of the variety. Varieties with the right to new plant varieties shall also be approved by the variety owner.

Article 42 The competent departments of agriculture and rural areas of the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall timely release the announcement on the record of introduction, including the name of varieties, introducers, breeders, approval numbers, suitable planting areas for introduction, etc. The format of the announcement number is: (x) Introduction [X]No. X, in which the first "X" is the abbreviation of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the second "X" is the year number and the third "X" is the serial number.

Article 43 The same suitable ecological zone for the national approved varieties shall be determined by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee. The same suitable ecological zone for provincial-level approved varieties shall be specifically determined by the provincial crop variety approval committee according to the same suitable ecological zone determined by the national crop variety approval committee.

Chapter VII Cancellation of Examination and Approval

Article 44 The variety that has passed the examination and approval shall be revoked under any of the following circumstances:

(a) serious defects that cannot be overcome in the course of use;

(two) the species is seriously degraded or loses its production and utilization value;

(3) Failing to provide standard samples of varieties as required or the standard samples are untrue;

(four) by cheating, forging test data and other improper means through the examination and approval;

(5) The safety certificate of agricultural genetically modified organisms has expired.

Article 45 The variety to be revoked shall be put forward by the office of the Variety Approval Committee after soliciting the opinions of the applicant for variety approval in writing, and shall be publicized on the official website of the agricultural and rural authorities at the same level after the preliminary examination by the professional Committee for a period of not less than 30 days.

After the expiration of the publicity period, the office of the Variety Approval Committee shall submit the preliminary examination opinions and publicity results to the chairman of the Variety Approval Committee for review, and the chairman shall complete the review within 30 days. If the examination agrees to cancel the examination and approval, it shall be announced by the competent agricultural and rural departments at the same level.

Article 46 The varieties whose approval has been revoked by announcement shall stop production and advertising from the date of announcement of cancellation of approval, and stop promotion and sales after one production cycle of announcement of cancellation of approval. If the Variety Approval Committee deems it necessary, it may decide to stop the promotion and sale from the date of the announcement of revocation of approval.

The announcement of revocation of the examination and approval of provincial varieties shall be reported to the National Crop Variety Examination and Approval Committee for the record within 30 days after its release.

Chapter VIII Supervision and Administration

Article 47 The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has established a national crop variety examination and approval data information system to realize online application, acceptance, examination and approval at the national and provincial levels, as well as information sharing of variety test data, varieties that have passed the examination and approval, varieties that have been revoked for examination and approval, varieties that have been introduced for record, standard samples and transformants, and unified printing of examination and approval certificates online. The format of the approval certificate shall be uniformly formulated by the National Crop Variety Approval Committee.

The competent departments of agriculture and rural areas of the people’s governments at or above the provincial level shall publish information such as variety approval, revocation approval, introduction filing, supervision and management on a unified government information publishing platform, and accept supervision.

Article 48 The units and staff of variety testing and approval shall have the obligation to keep confidential the business secrets of the applicant learned in the process of testing and approval, and shall not provide the seeds applied for variety approval or seek illegal interests.

Article 49 Members and staff of the Variety Approval Committee shall be loyal to their duties, fair and honest. Members and staff members of the Variety Approval Committee who fail to perform their duties according to law, practice fraud or engage in malpractices for personal gain shall be punished according to law; No variety approval shall be conducted within five years from the date of making the decision on punishment.

Article 50 If the applicant commits fraud, bribery and other improper acts in the process of applying for variety approval, his application will not be accepted within three years.

If the member units of the consortium practise fraud, the approval procedure of the consortium variety test shall be terminated; Fraudulent member units shall not apply for variety approval within three years, and shall not participate in the consortium test again; Other member units shall bear joint and several liability and shall not participate in other consortium tests within three years.

Article 51 Variety testing, testing and authentication institutions that forge test data or issue false certificates shall be punished in accordance with Article 72 of the Seed Law and relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 52 If a seed enterprise that integrates breeding, propagation and promotion conducts variety tests and applies for examination and approval on its own, it shall be fined between one million yuan and five million yuan by the competent department of agriculture and rural affairs of the people’s government at or above the provincial level; No longer carry out variety tests on their own; If losses are caused to seed users and other seed producers and operators, they shall be liable for compensation according to law.

Article 53 The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs shall supervise and inspect the variety examination and approval of the competent agricultural and rural departments of the provincial people’s government. If the variety examination and approval, introduction filing and revocation of examination and approval are not carried out according to law, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit and be punished according to law.

Article 54 In violation of the provisions of these measures, which constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 55 The funds needed for crop variety approval and variety test shall be included in the special financial budget of the competent agricultural and rural departments at the same level.

Article 56 Varieties that are tested by the integrated enterprise of breeding, reproduction and promotion and those organized by the consortium will no longer participate in the corresponding regional variety tests organized by the national and provincial test organizations and implementation units.

Article 57 These Measures shall come into force as of August 15, 2016, and the Measures for the Examination and Approval of Major Crop Varieties issued by the Ministry of Agriculture on February 26, 2001, revised on November 8, 2007 and February 1, 2014, and the Provisions on the Scope of Major Crops issued on February 26, 2001 shall be abolished at the same time.

In the new chapter of the automobile market, Lifan Technology joined hands with Ruilan Automobile, the crystallization of Geely Automobile, to launch a brand-new masterpiece-Ruilan 9. This pure electric SUV will be unveiled in the form of pre-sale on November 4, with a pre-sale price of 199,800 yuan, and more exciting models will be added in the future.

Design and technologyWith its pure electric drive technology, Ruilan 9 is positioned as a medium-sized SUV, leading the trend of green travel. The closed front face design is matched with through LED running lights, showing a full-featured appearance. The body lines are regular, providing 6-seat and 7-seat versions to meet the needs of different families. In terms of size, Ruilan 9 has a size of 4845/1890/1778 mm and a wheelbase of 2825 mm, showing a spacious interior space.

In the rear part, Ruilan 9 continues the simple design, and the brand logo and the taillight group are connected by chrome trim, which further enhances the recognition of the vehicle. In terms of interior, Ruilan 9 adopts the traditional layout, and the LCD instrument panel and floating touch screen come into view, creating a sense of modern technology. The design of the decorative strip of the center console skillfully simulates the air outlet of the integrated air conditioner, and the details are ingenious.

Power and endurance, equipped with a 150 kW drive motor, Ruilan 9 brings users a strong power experience. Although the cruising range has not been announced, it has been confirmed that it supports fast charging and battery replacement, providing a flexible solution for daily travel. As a joint work of Lifan Technology and Geely Automobile, Ruilan Automobile will further enrich its product line and bring more choices to consumers with Ruilan Maple Leaf 80VPRO, 9 and 7 battery-changing models.

As a new automobile brand, Ruilan Automobile is committed to creating a new chapter of green travel with innovation and practicality as its core. Let’s look forward to the surprises and innovations brought by Ruilan 9 and experience the infinite possibilities of future travel.

1905 movie network news　On July 27th, Beijing time, the closing ceremony of the 5th Jackie Chan International Action Film Week was held in Datong, co-sponsored by the Film Channel Program Center, Datong Municipal People’s Government and Jackie Chan International Group, and hosted by 1905 Film Network. The film channel, the film channel’s media platform and the whole network were broadcast live.

Indian filmofChung Chi LiPavez Sheikh won the Iron Man Award for directing the best action scene. In order to thank these heroes behind the scenes for sketching out the heroic dream of the world of action movies for ordinary people, Jonathan Lee sang a song "Song of Everyman".

Jonathan Lee, Jackie Chan, Emil Wakin Chau

After the concert, Jackie Chan and Emil Wakin Chau also took the stage to interact with Jonathan Lee. They happened to be wearing coats and trousers of the same color, and the atmosphere of reunion of old friends was very harmonious. Jackie Chan spoke out that Jonathan Lee sang "Nothing is the same". Later, Emil Wakin Chau imitated Jackie Chan’s singing songs, which was very funny. Not to be outdone, Jackie Chan sang the classic song "Let Me Be Happy and Worry Me" written by Jonathan Lee and sung by Emil Wakin Chau.

It is reported that Jonathan Lee is attending Jackie Chan International Action Film Week for the first time, and Emil Wakin Chau has attended it twice. Jackie Chan is very moved by the reunion of his old friends. Subsequently, the three joined hands to sing the classic song "True Hero". This song was also sung by three people for the first time 26 years ago, and the scene was full of emotion.

Special feature of 1905 film network On the fourth day of the release of Tsui Hark’s new work "The Four Kings of Di Renjie", the box office broke 300 million, while the cumulative box office of the competing "The Richest Man in Xihong City" has exceeded 1.1 billion, leaving the "Four Kings" far behind.

The first two Di Renjie series have doubled the box office from 286 million to 600 million, but this time, it is difficult to double the box office to 1.2 billion.

　

Is the film bad? Or is "The Richest Man in Xihong City" too strong?

In the audience’s word of mouth, The Four Kings scored 6.7 points for Douban and 8.2 points for Cat’s Eye, which is really mediocre. Look at "The Richest Man in Xihong City" next door, and the cat’s eye score is as high as 9.3 points!

Although the box office and word-of-mouth are not ideal, in the eyes of most people, this new work is the best in the whole Di Renjie series at present.

　

However, Xiao Dianjun also noticed that many viewers had a question after watching the film.

　

"Di Renjie’s Heaven Empire" has a thrilling moment when the statue of the floating pagoda collapses, and "The Dragon King, the God of Di Renjie" has a giant "Aohuang" that suddenly flies over the warship.

But what are the "Four Heavenly Kings" in Di Renjie’s Four Heavenly Kings?

　

Are the four gods of heavenly kings that glared at Wei Chi Zhenjin and the Ghost Badger when they robbed Kang Long Mace in Tianwang Temple?

　

Is it the eye monster "Red-eyed King" who sealed the inferno in the battle of Dali Temple at the end and transformed it with the method of shifting souls?

　

Di Renjie, Sha Tuozhong, Wei Chi and Shui Yue, the four heroes who rode horses to the unknown front in the egg?

　

Or indirectly refer to and echo the core expression in the film with the four great kings of Buddhism — —"Hell is not empty, and I will never become a Buddha."?

　

Whether the "Four Heavenly Kings" are real or imaginary is actually traceable in movies, but what many people don’t notice is that,For director Tsui Hark, he also has his own "Four Kings" in this film, which are the four aesthetic signs of Tsui Hark’s film: strangeness, power, chaos and spirit!

　

Fortunately, "Di Renjie" series didn’t add the word "detective" in the title at the beginning. Although the first one was a suspense detective film with reasoning elements, it has completely turned into a martial arts supernatural film that "collectively fights monsters".

　

Most of the praise for this new film falls on the five visual wonders: the golden dragon, the strange fish, the white ape, the glaring king, and the tentacle monster like rambutan.The most powerful aesthetic label of Tsui Hark’s films is his "strangeness".

　

The first is his monster complex.Tsui Hark is known as "the hermaphrodite in the new wave movies", and the nickname "Xu Laoguai" has been used to this day. He is deeply influenced by Hollywood monster movies, Japanese special films and comics, and he also loves to find creative inspiration in China’s myths and legends.

Butterfly Change, the first film in 1979, is a martial arts experimental film with the concept of "mutating butterflies to kill people", which combines Gu Long’s novel Blood-sucking Moth, Japanese horror film Eight Graves Village and Hitchcock’s Birds.

He is also known as "Spielberg of Hong Kong", just as foreign scholars commented on Spielberg, "The skill to win the audience is to extract the essence from Hollywood’s’ groceries’ and absorb the strengths of each family".Tsui Hark is good at "stealing teachers". The elements of Hollywood monster films can be seen everywhere.

　

The opening of the Dragon King, the destruction of the warship by the Aohuang and the great white shark in Spielberg’s film all pave the way for narrative suspense with the way of "only hearing its voice but not its shape" and "still hiding half her face from us behind her guitar".

In "Four Kings", the white ape standing on the roof of Dali Temple tore the monster, which seems to have jumped into the set of "Furious Beast" at a closer point. From a farther point of view, isn’t it the "King Kong" who stood at the top of the Empire State Building and dueled with a helicopter?

In the end, the "magic wheel" appeared when Master Yuan Xiu confronted the boss of the inferno. The package shape was very similar to the face-hugging bug in Alien and the eyeball of the glaring king. You can even think of the zerg big BOSS&hellip in starship troopers. …

　

Counting the monsters in Tsui Hark’s movies in the 1990s, there are the tree demon grandma and the big BOSS Montenegro old demon who absorbed men’s blood in Ghost Story, the Millennium centipede essence in Ghost Story: Infernal Affairs, and the megalithic monster in Ghost Story: The Way to the Road.

The white snake and the green snake in Green Snake, the white crane and the thousand-year-old fire turtle in New Crane Needle, and even the modern monster & HELIP in Monster City and Black Xia 2. …

　

After the new century, Tsui Hark seems to prefer "intensive" and "tentacle" monsters.The glaring king with eyeballs all over his body in The Four Heavenly Kings of Di Renjie was reflected in The Biography of Shushan in 2001, in which the monster Youquan is a huge skull composed of dense stones.

There are also piles of red scarabs … It is a nightmare for people with "intensive phobia".

The tentacle monster like Rambutan in the film is shown in Journey to the West and daoist magic written by Tsui Hark: spider essence, demon "red eyes" and "big nose hair" are covered with red tentacles.

Tsui Hark is becoming more and more fond of presenting some large animals on the screen:The devil fish in Di Renjie’s Dragon King, the big tiger in Taking Tiger Mountain Outward, and the Four Heavenly Kings of Di Renjie have gone from dealing with a single animal to gathering golden dragons, strange fish and white apes. ……

There are 23 concept pictures at the end of The Dragon King, where there are nine-tailed foxes, bronze warriors, Jiuding Beads and Garuda … Garuda’s eagle image appears in The Four Kings. Therefore, as long as the Di Renjie series is filmed, Tsui Hark’s "Monster Universe" will continue to bombard the big screen.

The "weirdness" in Tsui Hark’s films is not only monsters, but also pays special attention to the "weirdness" in character modeling.He not only respects history, but also makes textual research on historical facts in serving Buddhism, but also exaggerates and grotesques the faces and forms of some characters without explanation.

Yang Zirong, the Monkey King and Granny Tree Demon all have thick black eye makeup:

Pei Donglai, Pig Bajie, White-haired Witch, Yuhua Tian … They all have scary faces, and they can’t tell right from wrong.

Although no one wears eye makeup or paints white in The Four Kings, Wei Chi, played by William Feng, has to keep his eyes wide open and his facial expression will collapse like a Peking Opera. And his role, that is, wavering between his own power and interests and Di Renjie’s brotherhood, is unpredictable.

　

Goblins like Green Snake, Xiaoqian and Spider Spirit always have long, thin eyebrows, and some of them even turn a corner. This time, Wu Zetian, who was controlled by alchemy, also has this kind of eyebrows, which is completely different from the short, round and thick eyebrows in Heaven Empire.

Another passive hand and foot on the eyebrows is Shuiyue, and two eyebrows are set with diamonds, which is very strange.

　

Buludu and Ma Jinliang in flying swords of dragon gate, the eccentric king in A Demon Journey to the West, and Eight donkey kong & HELIP in Taking the Tiger Mountain Outward; Some are foreign people, some are villains, and their faces are printed with grotesque marks.

This time, almost everyone’s face was tattooed with patterns and patterns.

　

Sometimes they can distinguish between good and evil, and sometimes they are difficult to distinguish.Tsui Hark just wants some specific characters to have their own unique visual labels.This kind of plastic art, whether it has a clear personality orientation or a vague faction implication, leaps to the screen, which makes his characters more energetic and memorable.

　　

"Power" is the sense of power in Tsui Hark’s movies, and the most basic thing is his action play style.

　

Hong Kong’s martial arts films are always divided into North and South schools. Roughly speaking, the Southern School is a real Kung Fu school, with Liu Jialiang and Bruce Lee as its representatives.

The northern school pays more attention to the skill of action and has a sense of performance on stage. One kind is the acrobatic Kung Fu comedy of the Seven Little Fooks, and the other is the light, elegant, fierce and chic action drama in the films of directors Hu Jinquan and Chu Yuan.

　

By the time of Tsui Hark, most of his martial arts scenes were more focused on the northern style.Especially the Ghost Story series, the legendary swordsman series and Xinlongmen Inn with Cheng Xiaodong,It’s more a collision move, and there is no in-depth conversion between attack and defense. It’s more like the step-by-step cooperation of two people dancing, and it’s more inclined to show the artistic conception and atmosphere of the action scene.

He also does the integration of the North and the South.Several Huang Feihong series directed by Yuan Bin are all realistic action styles, while Knife is both violent and powerful and has a formal freehand brushwork, not to mention Seven Swords, which has Liu Jialiang’s real skill and a free and easy sword gesture.

Based on the tradition of the North-South School, Tsui Hark’s new martial arts films have more dynamic martial arts scenes, more skillful movements, and more gorgeous and beautiful impressions.

The series Ghost Story of Ghost Story always escapes from the sky, flying swords of dragon gate is full of flying eaves and climbing walls, and The Legend of Shushan is always flying fairy … The same is true of the Di Renjie series, which is where Tsui Hark transcends the tradition of the North-South School:Pay attention to the use of modern stunts.

Tsui Hark is a "technical madman". As early as Butterfly Change, he replaced lightness skill, sword and magic with springs, hooks and gunpowder, and replaced kung fu with science and technology.

In "The New Swordsman of Shushan", he upgraded the technique of hanging Weiya in Hong Kong’s traditional stunts. In the past, the actor in Hong Kong films could only fly in a straight line, but after his transformation, the actor could fly in curves and turns.

Tsui Hark is an overseas student who went to the United States to study, and has a special liking for Star Wars. When filming "The New Swordsman of Shushan", he invited the industrial light and magic special effects team of "Star Wars" to Hong Kong, and introduced Hollywood special effects technologies such as models and optics into Hong Kong films for the first time.

　

In 2001, in "Biography of Shushan", Tsui Hark used live-action +CG technology, and the whole film had more than 1,600 special effects shots. He wanted to make a martial arts film into a science fiction film, even though it seems to be "fifty-five-cent special effects" now, but CG technology just arrived in China, and the actors didn’t quite understand what green screen performance was.

　

Although the 1986 Chivalrous Woman Thirteen Sisters was a three-dimensional martial arts film, Tsui Hark’s flying swords of dragon gate was the first all-3D martial arts film in Chinese history. "Di Renjie’s Dragon King" is a bold breakthrough, IMAX+3D+ underwater shooting; "Outwit Tiger Mountain" is the first 3D red revolutionary movie.

　

Tsui Hark’s step-by-step efforts in technology have made martial arts films move from the handicraft stage of physical fighting to the modernization of science and technology.Based on repeated experiments and upgrades, we can be so carried away by the false visual spectacle of The Four Kings of Di Renjie, which is close to reality.

　

After indulging in 3D technology, Tsui Hark always likes to "shoot" the audience’s eyes with various weapons on the screen.Not only that, but every weapon he designed in the film also made the action scenes have stronger screen impact. Just like this Tianwang Temple duel:

Wei Chi’s 360-degree rotating sword and darts, and the double knives like the "Golden Wheel of the Sun and Moon" in The Legend of Shushan, inspire more powerful action scenes in the offensive and defensive rounds.

　

Look at Dong Fangbubai’s embroidered needle, Yan Chixia’s talisman, Li Yingqi’s heavenly fencing, Lei Yanjian in the sky, Zhao Huaian’s long sword, and Buludu’s Gankun Circle & HELIP; …

These weapons designed by Tsui Hark not only serve the visual effects, but also are the spiritual weapons of the characters.The most obvious one is Seven Swords, in which seven swords represent the different personalities of seven swordsman.

Di Renjie’s Kang Long Mace is even more so.

　

Kang Long Mace is a majestic artifact presented to the king Ji, which naturally symbolizes Di Renjie’s dignity and rights. But this time, the film emphasizes that it is a defensive weapon with no sharp edge and its function of breaking all attack weapons.

This is in perfect harmony with Di Renjie’s passive and conservative personality and his ability to solve all strange cases and repel the villains.

　

"Four Heavenly Kings" is a bloody case caused by a "Kang Long Mace". This time, Tsui Hark’s weapon has leapt to become the narrative MacGuffin and the driving force of the story.

　

Single shot with an average of several seconds, stormy editing, multi-angle shooting position, push-pull, shake-follow movement mode,Tsui Hark’s previous works generally used such a messy image style to stimulate the audience’s adrenaline.

　

However, because of 3D, the fast-paced cutting and diverse composition movements are easy to make the audience dizzy and vomit. Therefore, watching "The Dragon King of the Gods" and "The Four Kings", the pace of lens editing is obviously slower than in the past, and the shooting angle and motion mode tend to be simple.

However, the visual chaos in Tsui Hark’s films is still changing.

　

One is that he will use the deformation on the lens instead.This is most reflected in The Dragon King of the Gods, such as the distorted picture when Di Renjie first came to Luoyang to read Wei Chi’s lip language;

The second is to fill the screen with colorful and grotesque weapons, costumes, art scenes and special effects monsters, which is complicated and creates instant attraction.

　

Chaos in audio-visual style and chaos in story text are two sides of Tsui Hark’s film.

　

Most of his film stories took place in the years of rebellion. Xinlongmen Inn was the Ming Dynasty when Dongchang was monopolized, Huang Feihong was the turbulent era in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty, peking opera blues was the period of the Republic of China when warlords were fighting, and Green Snake and Ghost Story were fictional shemale and shemale worlds …　

It is precisely because of troubled times that justice and evil have the soil of binary confrontation, so that heroes and villains can struggle with each other, stimulate the most direct drama conflict, and finally release the chivalrous feelings of loyalty to the liver and righteousness.

　

Even though the Di Renjie series is a prosperous Tang Dynasty under the reign of Ersheng Lingchao and Wu Zetian, Tsui Hark has to create a troublesome context in troubled times.

Heaven Empire is Sha Tuo’s personal dissatisfaction with Wu Zetian, The Dragon King of the Gods contains threats from overseas forces in the eastern island countries, and The Four Heavenly Kings is evil influence who seals the inferno’s challenge to the established regime and Wu Zetian’s lust for power.

In the rebellious world, the story lines in Tsui Hark’s works are actually not complicated, but there are many narrative lines, rapid logical changes and fast transition rhythm.Just like "Four Kings", the four sides wrestle and intertwine with each other, and there is often a clue that has not been explained yet, and the next scene will start non-stop.

Not only that, the disorder of genre is also Tsui Hark’s aesthetic label, and it is also a kind of blameless "original sin" brought by Hong Kong film production environment and Hong Kong film style in the last century.In a movie, martial arts, science fiction, reasoning, monsters, politics, love, comedy … He seems to take care of everything, as in Di Renjie.

　

Compared with the first two films, The Four Heavenly Kings has the most comic elements, and Sha Tuozhong and Shui Yue are almost a pair of funny actors.

Peeping at the bath, beating up, accidentally hitting the wound and vomiting blood … These are all the nonsense tricks used by Tsui Hark in action comedies in 1980s and 1990s, such as Ghost Horse Wises Many Stars, Best Partner, The Secret Order of Queen 3, happy ever after, etc.

　

Tsui Hark also has a special preference for "disorder" in character gender.For example, Dong Fangbubai, who is gorgeous and heroic, can’t tell the gender, the tree demon grandmother in Ghost Story, the father-in-law Yu Huatian who is sometimes feminine and domineering, and the real person of Jiugong in Journey to the West & HELIP; … This kind of role is also set in Four Kings — Flying smoke.

　

Shangguan Jinger in Di Renjie’s Heaven-reaching Empire has a strong personality before Wu Zetian and a tender side before Di Renjie. Behind her, there is a mask of masculinity.

He loves this kind of female royal sister, just like Shui Yue in this film. She is strong and independent, who dares to love and hate, and is the master of her own destiny.

　

"Without words, Machamp confuses God", and the "God" here refers to ghosts and gods.

　

It is not so much that Tsui Hark loves to show scary or ghostly demons in supernatural films as that Tsui Hark intends to talk about people. Ghost Story is saying: Ghosts also have people’s worldly desires, and ghosts also have the right to love a person;

In "Green Snake", the white snake let the green snake gradually know what human emotion is, and Xiaoqing let Fahai escape into what is the ultimate confusion of the Buddha.

　

"Four Heavenly Kings" integrates the religious and ethical issues of ghosts and gods and Buddhism, and becomes the most critical part of the film.There are not only one kind of ghosts in movies, but at least three kinds: the illusion of sealing demons, magic and shifting souls, and human demons.

　

The setting of alchemy makes Tsui Hark’s imaginative vision more logical and acceptable. This setting is undoubtedly a satire on the demons who avenge the inferno and Wu Zetian’s desire for power: the power struggle is an illusion and a bubble.

In the end, Tsui Hark conquered everything with the Buddhism of the master of circle measurement: "Hell is not empty, and I will never become a Buddha", there is an evil ghost in everyone’s heart, and "a hundred years of lust for power … A generation of hatred, why leave future generations. "

Therefore, it seems that Yuance and Di Renjie are maintaining the stability of the established regime. In fact, they are transcending politics, letting bygones be bygones, letting go of hatred and pursuing the present peace. This is also a projection discourse of Tsui Hark and the whole series of Di Renjie on the present reality.

　

Confucius didn’t talk about "Machamp’s disorderly gods" and wanted to govern the country with benevolence and courtesy, but Tsui Hark described the universal moral concept of peace and justice with the film aesthetic style of "Machamp’s disorderly gods".

　

When Tsui Hark and Shi Nansheng set up a film studio in the 1980s, they asked the directors: "First, they should have their own style; The second is to have something to say — Even if it is a kung fu film, there must be something to say; Third, we should "follow the mass line", and commercial films must entertain the audience, so that they can be vented and feel better.Movies are mass media. I hope we can breathe with the audience … … The masses watch movies with their feelings, not with their heads."

　

Even though filming in the north, Tsui Hark has always insisted on making this kind of popular film, which requires direct and enjoyable sensory stimulation, instant sensationalism and pleasant pleasure.

　

If in "The Four Heavenly Kings of Di Renjie", you have to struggle with why the ghost night didn’t kill Er Sheng directly in the hall, why Wu Zetian, who was controlled by magic, wasn’t instructed to kill the emperor, or how Di Renjie learned magic … You will lose all the fun of audio-visual perception.

　

Although sometimes the plot is scattered, sometimes it becomes hilarious when it is serious, there is a bad taste of B-class movies in A-class productions …These are the labels of Tsui Hark’s existence as a film author, and they are also the game spirit of "going too far and being crazy" in the golden age of Hong Kong movies!

　　China’s National Bureau of Statistics recently released data that China’s gross domestic product (GDP) will be close to 100 trillion yuan in 2019. According to the annual average exchange rate, the per capita GDP has reached 10,000 USD. It took China less than 20 years from 2001, when per capita GDP exceeded $1,000, to 2019, when it jumped to $10,000. Foreign experts and scholars interviewed by this reporter believe that a big country with a population of 1.4 billion has achieved a per capita GDP of over 10,000 US dollars. "This is a miracle in the history of human social development." This proves that the development path chosen by China conforms to its national conditions, and the steady economic growth of China has injected a strong impetus into the world economic growth.

　　"The living standard of 1.4 billion people has been greatly improved, which is one of the fastest economic success stories in history."

　　"The development of China in the past 40 years of reform and opening up is one of the most impressive events in contemporary society, which is a miracle in the history of human social development." Francesco Maringio, president of the Italian New Silk Road Promotion Association, believes that China has steadily become the second largest economy in the world, and all China people have made great efforts to this end. "The course of reform and opening up has proved that China’s development path suits its own national conditions and is a successful innovation in Marxist theory and practice."

　　According to a report released by the Legaton Institute, a British think tank, in 2019, China rose 25 places to the 57th place in the global prosperity index, showing strong performance in health and economic quality indicators.

　　"The living standard of 1.4 billion people has been greatly improved, which is one of the fastest economic success stories in history." According to the website of Nikkei Asia Review, consumption has become the main driving force of China’s economic growth. What is important is that the consumption base is getting richer at the individual level and more diverse at the enterprise level.

　　"In the context of the overall sluggish world economic growth, this transcript is very eye-catching, indicating that the macroeconomic policies adopted by the China government have achieved remarkable results." Petrovsky, chief researcher of the Far East Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, believes that the most intuitive achievement of China’s economic and social development lies in poverty alleviation and the increase of people’s income. "Since the founding of New China more than 70 years ago, the number of poor people in China has decreased by 850 million, and the income level of the people has greatly increased, which shows that ‘ No one can be left behind on the road to a well-off society in an all-round way ’ Not an empty talk, China is moving towards common prosperity step by step. "

　　From the international experience, the per capita GDP exceeding 10,000 US dollars is an important node for the development of countries with medium or above population size. Axel Goethals, CEO of the Institute of Asian Studies, a think tank of the European Union, believes that crossing this node means that the consumption power of China people is stronger, a huge market with great potential is emerging, and the resilience and stability of China’s economy are further enhanced.

　　China will be the most important market in the world for consumer-oriented companies.

　　Bloomberg reported that China’s economy stabilized in the fourth quarter of last year, and investment began to accelerate, indicating that China’s economy may usher in a stronger recovery. Andrew Tilton, an economist at Goldman Sachs, said that the China administration’s policies are long-term, with more emphasis on risk control and restrictions on short-term stimulus measures that may aggravate economic imbalances.

　　According to research by Christian Ruscher, an economist at the Cologne Economic Research Institute, China’s GDP increased by 6.1% in 2019 compared with the previous year, which was hard-won under the risk challenge and downward pressure. This shows that China’s economy is gradually transforming into consumption and service industry, and it is stronger on the whole.

　　At present, China is in a critical period of becoming a high-income country. We should continue to deepen reform and opening up, enhance the resilience of economic development, promote high-quality economic development, and let China’s economic development dividend continue to benefit the whole world. With the growth of GDP per capita, China’s huge consumer market has become a "gold mine" in the eyes of enterprises all over the world. Andy rothman, investment strategist of BenQ Asia, bluntly said that China is "the best consumer market in the world".

　　"China will be the most important market in the world for consumer-oriented companies." Ira Calix, global chief economist of Deloitte, believes that China’s economy will maintain steady growth, and the growth prospects in the consumer sector are very optimistic.

　　"In 2019, domestic demand contributed 89% to China’s economic growth, of which the final consumption expenditure contributed 57.8%, which shows that China’s economic structure is constantly being optimized." As the largest developing country in the world, China’s development means opportunities for the world, said Yukio Tsuda, a professor at Japanese Central University. The expanding scale of middle-income groups in China will further promote China’s economic growth, promote China to import more high-quality products and services, bring more dividends to all countries in the world, and help stimulate the sustainable development of the world economy.

　　"China’s economy will surely achieve long-term stability, prosperity and development and make greater contributions to the world economy."

　　"The economic data of China in 2019 once again shows that China’s development path has strong vitality." According to Alexander Lomanov, deputy director of the Institute of World Economics and International Politics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, China’s economy is progressing steadily, and the government has deepened reforms, improved various systems, and always insisted on opening up, which has achieved good results. "This once again strongly proves that China’s development path is in line with China’s national conditions."

　　Patricio Ji Ousteau, director of the Argentine China Strategic Cooperation Observation Center, believes that in recent years, China has taken a series of initiatives to expand its opening up. The unprecedented tax reduction and fee reduction policy, the Regulations on Optimizing the Business Environment, the formal implementation of the foreign investment law, and the deployment to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of service outsourcing & HELIP; … "China has been continuously opening to the outside world at a higher level, and its business environment has been continuously optimized, and its achievements are enviable. China has always adhered to the path of peaceful development and supported rule-based multilateralism and the multilateral trading system. I believe that China’s economy will surely achieve long-term stability, prosperity and development and make greater contributions to the world economy. "

　　"The economic data of China in 2019 shows the strong resilience of China’s economy, laying a solid foundation for the decisive victory in building a well-off society in an all-round way." Malinjiao said that the China government attaches importance to people’s needs, and "China is constantly turning its beautiful vision of socialist modernization into reality".

　　(Newspaper Rome, Moscow, Brussels, Washington, Berlin, Tokyo, Canberra and Buenos Aires, January 20th, by reporters Han Shuo, Zhang Xiaodong, Ren Yan, Wu Lejun, Hua Fang, Liu Junguo, Chen Xiaowei and Yao Mingfeng)

　　Studies have shown that long-term intake of waste oil will cause obvious harm to human body, such as developmental disorders, enteritis, hepatomegaly, heart and kidney enlargement and fatty liver. Aflatoxin, one of the main hazards in gutter oil, is a strong carcinogen, and its toxicity is 100 times that of arsenic. Another question is ethical. Can you eat the oil that others have eaten, which goes bad in the sewer and is fished out again?
　　So, is there a simple way to identify gutter oil? We might as well listen to what food science experts and insiders say.
one
There is no good way to scientifically identify waste oil at present.
　　In an era of paying attention to food safety, the ideal state is that when you go to a restaurant, you take out a test paper and dip it in the dish. After a while, you take it out and compare it with the spectrum table, and then shout, "Boss, change the oil!"
　　However, the reality is that up to now, scientists have not found an ideal means to detect and identify gutter oil.
　　"Oil mixed with oil, fairy sorrow, fairy is difficult to separate it. Waste cooking oil has a history of more than 20 years. Even today, we can still see waste cooking oil in rural markets and urban-rural junction markets, and we also feel that it has entered the dining hall. If calculated by tonnage, there should be millions of tons of waste oil digested every year. I am very embarrassed. We can’t find a very effective technical means to identify it. This oil is gutter oil, and this oil is not gutter oil. " When attending a CCTV program, Hu Xiaosong, vice president of the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University, once said this.
　　Hu Xiaosong pointed out that the current detection methods have not overcome this technology and cannot scientifically distinguish the quality of oil, but the Ministry of Science and Technology has set up a special project for this matter, and I believe that it will be possible to distinguish the quality of oil by scientific means in the near future.
2
Traditional detection methods have certain limitations.
　　In the view of scientific researchers, the difficulty in treating gutter oil lies in that it is difficult to distinguish gutter oil from ordinary oil only from appearance and sense after refining processes such as washing, distillation, decoloration and deodorization. Illegal traders will also mix waste oil into edible oil, and if the content is small, it is even more difficult to detect.
　　He Dongping, a professor at the School of Food Science and Engineering of Wuhan Institute of Technology, has been engaged in the research of gutter oil for many years. In He Dongping’s view, the traditional detection methods only grasp a certain characteristic of gutter oil, and no method can effectively detect gutter oil from different sources at the same time, which sometimes leads to a large detection error and more possibility of misjudgment.
　　Wang Le, a graduate student of Wuhan Institute of Technology, once developed a blue test paper. With the increasing proportion of waste oil, the blue test paper will show yellow-green, light yellow and bright yellow. This is based on the "accumulation" of oil to detect the purity of oil, but this method is also limited by the proportion of waste oil added.
　　On the Internet, you can find a company specializing in the production of "Quick Detection Kit for Waste Oil", but from the instructions provided by the company, "for some unpurified oils (such as sesame oil, pepper oil, etc.) and oils with other ingredients (such as Chili oil), this method is easy to produce false positives".
three
Identify the waste oil refrigerator?
　　Senior chef Feng Peng, who once worked as a chef and executive in many big restaurants in Beijing, said that under normal circumstances, gutter oil and ordinary oil can’t be distinguished, and it is inevitable to be fooled when purchasing. He can only judge by practice: restaurants usually need to oil before cooking. In this "lubricating oil" process, good oil can be used seven or eight times repeatedly, while waste oil will become sticky and have a spicy taste after being used for up to three times.
　　"In addition, when the outdoor temperature is low, waste oil will solidify like palm oil, so people often use waste oil to pretend to be palm oil." Feng Peng said that gutter oil can be identified in winter and can be tested in the refrigerator in summer. Some media think that gutter oil has a taste and can be smelled out. In addition, it contains a lot of water, and the pot will explode. Feng Peng thinks these are nonsense, because water can’t be mixed into oil at all, and gutter oil has no odor.

four
How should we identify waste oil?
　　Take a look. Look at the transparency, pure vegetable oil is transparent, and the transparency will decrease due to the mixing of alkali grease, wax and impurities in the production process; Look at the color, pure oil is colorless, and the oil will be colored because the pigment in the oil is dissolved in the oil in the production process; Look at the sediment, its main component is impurities.
　　Second smell. Each oil has its own unique smell. You can drop a drop or two of oil on your palm, rub your hands together, and smell it carefully when you are hot. Oil with odor indicates that there is a problem with the quality, and it is likely to be waste oil with odor; If there is a smell of mineral oil, you can’t buy it.
　　Three tastes. Take a drop of oil with chopsticks and taste it carefully. The oil with sour taste is unqualified, the oil with bitter taste has been rancid, and the oil with peculiar smell may be waste oil.
　　Listen. Take one or two drops of oil from the bottom of the oil layer, coat it on flammable paper, light it and listen to its sound. The products with normal combustion and no noise are qualified products; If the combustion is abnormal and makes a "squeaky" sound, the water content exceeds the standard and it is an unqualified product; The "crack" explosion during combustion indicates that the water content of the oil is seriously exceeding the standard, and it may be adulterated products, so it is absolutely impossible to buy.
　　Five questions. Ask the merchant about the purchase channel, ask for the purchase invoice or check the sampling test report of the local food hygiene supervision department if necessary. (Comprehensive by this newspaper)