According to the report of Flight International on April 16th, the US Navy and Marine Corps successfully completed the first test of the concept of "lightning carrier". Twenty F-35B fighters with short take-off and vertical landing took off from the US Navy "Tripoli" amphibious assault ship to perform fast-paced operations.

　　The concept of "Lightning Carrier" was formally put forward in 2016, based on the existing "F-35B vertical takeoff and landing aircraft+amphibious assault ship" model of the US military. The name of "Lightning" in the concept comes from the F-35B Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter, and F-35B is just one of the F-35 Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) models.

　　F-35 "Lightning II" Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) is a single-seat single-engine multi-role fighter and a low-order auxiliary aircraft of F-22. It has strong stealth capability, advanced avionics system and certain supersonic cruise capability, and is mainly used for frontline support, target bombing, air defense interception and other tasks. It is divided into three types: conventional takeoff and landing (CTOL)F-35A, short takeoff/vertical landing (STOVL)F-35B and carrier-based (CV)F-35C. Undoubtedly, in the future competition for air superiority, F-35, as one of the world’s advanced fifth-generation aircraft, has a very high photogenic rate. So how do you distinguish them in appearance?

　　one

　　plane emblem/logo

　　The F-35 "Lightning II" Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) was mainly developed by Lockheed Martin of the United States, and eight countries including Britain, Italy, Netherlands, Denmark, Norway, Turkey, Australia and Canada participated in the development, with a total cost of $276 billion.

　　In addition to R&D abroad, South Korea, Japan and Israel also vigorously purchased the F-35 to enhance the overall air combat capability. Therefore, according to the current data, a total of 12 countries have decided to equip the F-35:

　　According to the above picture, there is Israel’s Star of David emblem above the wing, which is an F-35A. (Architecture A, called F-35I, shows the F-35A fighter equipped by Israel Air Force. )

　　two

　　character

　　The U.S. Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps are equipped with three types of F-35 fighters, which are not a panacea according to their badges. If it is an F-35 equipped by the US military itself, it can be roughly distinguished by the characters in the belly position below the horizontal tail:

　　1. Symbol of the United States Air Force (F-35A of the United States Air Force)

　　2.NAVY (F-35C of the US Navy)

　　3.MARINES (The United States Marine Corps purchased two models, F-35B and F-35C).

　　In addition, there are several F-35Cs in the US Navy that also say "MARINES". But what should I do if I can’t see the military emblem or characters from the photo point of view? This uses the "shape resolution method".

　　three

　　wing span

　　Both F-35A and F-35B have a wingspan of 10.7 meters, while F-35C adopts a large wingspan design to reduce the landing speed, and the wingspan is increased to 13.1 meters and can be folded, which is the largest of the three sub-models.

　　four

　　nose gear

　　In order to withstand the impact of the ship, the F-35C has thickened the front landing gear, and changed from the basic single-wheel landing gear to the two-wheel landing gear, and the front landing gear has the unique ejection pull rod of the ejection take-off fighter. The following figure shows F-35A, F-35B and F-35C in turn.

　　five

　　Landing tail hook

　　The landing of the F-35C needs to be stopped, and a repeatedly used stern hook is equipped under the engine. Although the F-35A will also be equipped with crash landing tail hook, it is currently testing the tail hook crash landing, and even if it is installed, it will be one-off.

　　six

　　regula

　　The leading edge of the main wing of the F-35C is moved forward to increase the wing area, which leads to the strake wing in both the F-35A and the F-35B, but it is cancelled on the F-35C. The following figure shows F-35A, F-35B and F-35C in turn.

　　seven

　　Jibei

　　F-35B is a short takeoff/vertical takeoff and landing type. Due to the special requirements of takeoff and landing mode, the engine of this type adopts a lift fan device. When viewed from the top, the rear of the cockpit is flat, and the upper cover of the lift fan and the cover plate of the auxiliary air inlet will open upward during the takeoff and landing.

　　eight

　　Machine gun

　　The F-35A is the only one of the three sub-models, which adopts the built-in gun design and is equipped with a GAU-22/A four-tube 25mm gatling built-in gun. Therefore, there are obvious protrusions on the front upper part of the left wing of the fuselage, which is a remarkable feature of the A-type aircraft. F-35B and F-35C are not equipped with fixed cannon, so it is enough to mount the cannon pod on the belly line when necessary.

　　nine

　　Verifier, test aircraft and

　　Low speed initial production aircraft

　　The test aircraft and the initial low-speed production F-35 are usually numbered on the fuselage. For example, before the mass production of the F-35A, the aircraft fuselage numbers AA-01, AF-01 to AF-07 were even directly marked with F-35A, all of which contained "A"; F-35B has BF-01 to BF-04 with "B" in them; F-35C has CF-01 to CF-05 before the first mass-produced CF-06, all with "C".

Concept poster

1905 movie network news Yesterday, the film was shown for the second time at the Beijing International Film Festival. The audience held their breath and felt an exciting and positive viewing experience. Mr. Leon Du, an outstanding director of China’s new generation, attended the post-screening exchange meeting. He has been active in Sino-Russian co-production and Sino-Russian film and television industry cooperation for many years and is very familiar with the behind-the-scenes creative team of this film. From the production of the film to the shooting process, he shared many behind-the-scenes stories he knew. The intense physical confrontation, the sensory experience of strength and beauty, and the team spirit that exudes the light of humanity make the audience call it "enjoyable".

　

High-burning touched people with laughter and tears, and the audience said: I was hoarse when I threw myself into my voice.

Russian beauty watching movies

Yesterday’s Heshenghui Huanying Cinema gathered many enthusiastic fans. After the opening ceremony, the audience gradually got better and better, and screams and sighs alternated constantly. Especially in the final game, many female audiences threw themselves into their throats and shouted dumb, which shows the excitement of the film. After the end, everyone said, "it’s very burning, as if it’s full of chicken blood. I look forward to showing it in China and I will definitely brush it." Director Leon Du also generously shared his feelings when he first saw the film at the exchange meeting. "His mouth was open and completely dull, and tears fell at the moment of the final goal. I really can’t wait to bring it to China and let this kind of blood spirit infect more audiences."

It is reported that the film "Dead Munich" achieved outstanding results after it was released in Russia, and once reached the grand occasion of watching movies in an empty lane. At that time, it inspired and inspired many Russian nationals and set a record for the box office of local movies in Russian film history. There were also Russian beauties who came to Ershua specially. She admitted that she was very excited to see this film in China. Every time you watch a movie, you will be inspired by the "power of belief" conveyed in the movie, ignite your heart and be full of hope for life.

　

Competitive films can still be filmed like this, and the fighting nation presents excellent works with attitude.

After the screening, the exchange atmosphere was warm

The film "Dead Munich" was adapted from a highly controversial game in the history of world sports, which accurately restored the men’s basketball final of the 1972 Munich Olympic Games. The audience gave high praise to the presentation effect of the last basketball game, and the combination of static and dynamic was relaxed, and the tension of the game was rendered very well. Hormones generate wantonly on the big screen, "pleasing to the eye and moving at the same time". Focusing on the spirit of never giving up, the audience was shocked by the miracle of the last three seconds. "Even if you know the result, you can’t help but be afraid. This is the charm of competitive sports and the charm of light and shadow."

Leon Du, the director, said that it took three years for the film "The Dead Man Munich", and great efforts were put into the setting, costumes and props, and the design and presentation of the lens. In order to shoot the last game, the whole team studied the game for more than 300 times, and put 7 machines into closed shooting for 30 days. The professionalism is admirable. It is worth mentioning that all the young actors who play basketball players in the film are from non-professional backgrounds. After signing the contract, they trained in professional basketball for a whole year, and then they were able to show the competitive level of professional players in the film.

It is this professional attitude that can contribute such a high-spirited masterpiece, and let the film "Munich" set the highest box office record in Russian film history with the potential of a dark horse. It is reported that the movie "The Dead Munich" will be released in China soon. It is expected that this thrilling and exciting legendary story based on the background of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union will impress the audience in China.

[Baika Automobile Automobile History] Speaking of Ford F150 pickup truck, it is the pickup truck with the highest sales volume in the United States. Many friends say that this truck is actually a working agricultural vehicle in the United States, but it has become an imported SUV in China, and its price has also risen with the rising tide, which has attracted many people’s feelings.

This pickup truck is a "universal machine", which can haul goods, tow trailers and conquer rough terrain. Now it can be transformed into a luxury pickup SUV with space for five adults. But as early as many years ago, it was naturally not like this. The historical process of the F-150 was very long, starting in 1948 after the Second World War. At that time, it was not known as the familiar title of F-150, but the foundation was made of steel. Today, let’s take a look at the historical evolution of Ford F150!

▼ The first generation: 1948 -1952

At first, it was just an ordinary truck F-1. At that time, Ford’s truck grade was very simple. F-1 occupied half the company’s tonnage, followed by three-quarters of the F-2 and a strong one-ton F-3. At that time, pickup trucks were trucks, providing drivers and passengers with seats, manual gearboxes, in-line six-cylinder or V8 engine choices, and other functions.

▼ The second generation: 1953 -1956

In the second generation, Ford expanded the pickup truck production line to the familiar mode, and the F-1 became the F-100. The redesigned pickup truck has a longer hood and an integrated body panel. In addition, the automatic gearbox option was introduced for the first time, and a decorative configuration with color keys was provided.

▼ The Third Generation: 1957-1960

In the third generation, F-series pickup trucks also started from this generation, canceling many curve designs, preferring straight-line hard-core design language, and introducing a flat-style bed. The interior cab space has become larger, and four-wheel drive has been introduced for the first time.

▼ Fourth Generation: 1961 -1966

When the fourth generation came, Ford made a decision to make the fourth generation F-series pickup an integrated design, with its cab and chassis as a single part on the traditional frame, but this did not last long. In addition, the double I-beam front suspension has served Ford for many years, and power up steering and brakes have also become optional items, making pickup trucks easier in daily driving.

▼ Fifth Generation: 1967 -1972

The fifth generation F-100 pickup truck has increased in size, including the wheelbase of the car body and the space size of the cab. In addition, the upgraded interior and the optional air conditioner have also made buyers pay attention to the comfort configuration in the car. In terms of power, the fifth generation F-100 pickup truck is equipped with some large engine systems.

▼ Sixth Generation: 1973 -1979

In the sixth generation, we finally welcomed the F150, which was launched as a heavy-duty half-ton pickup truck of Ford in 1975. This generation has also seen the advent of Ford’s extended Supercab model, which further shows that trucks are developing from work-based vehicles to home machine models.

Seventh generation: 1980 -1986

Although the F150 had arrived in the sixth generation, the F-100 actually lasted until the 1980s, when it was discontinued in 1984. It is reported that the F-series has consolidated its position as the best-selling truck in the United States, and made it a daily comfortable means of transportation with a brand-new body and chassis.

▼ Eighth Generation: 1987 -1991

Since 1987, the F-150 has been redesigned based on the European theme, with smoother edges and softer body lines. The F-150 regained power under the hood, providing 210 horsepower in the optional 5.8-liter V8. The rear wheel anti-lock brake also appeared on the F series for the first time.

▼ Ninth Generation: 1992 -1997

The ninth generation F-150 has been redesigned more comprehensively, but this generation of products has also seen a wealth of optional configurations such as leather interiors and Flareside beds. It also produced the performance-oriented SVT F-150 Lightning model in 1993, with an adjusted suspension and a 240-horsepower version of the 5.8-liter V8.

▼ 10th Generation: 1997 -2004

In the tenth generation, there are many things we should pay attention to. After a comprehensive redesign, the size of the F-150 has been increased, and at the same time, the 5.0-liter V8 and the double I-beam front suspension have been abandoned. In addition, this generation of pickup trucks also marks the departure of the body style between the F-150 and the heavy variant. The F-250 and F-350 adopt the side window design that is still notched in today’s F series. In terms of high performance, the last SVT Lightning truck withdrew from the market in 2004, pumping 380 horsepower from the supercharged V8.

▼ 11th Generation: 2005 -2008

In the 11th generation F150 in 2005, we saw a bigger and rougher design language, and the whole vehicle design also drew more design inspiration from Super Duty truck. After the introduction of King Ranch template, the luxury of pickup truck came to life, and this pickup truck also had a strong drag and drag load capacity.

▼ 12th Generation: 2009 -2014

For the 11th generation, the 12th generation has undergone a relatively minor readjustment. Raptor has powerful V8 power and high-stroke suspension with soft suspension, aiming at sprinting the rugged and difficult path road conditions.

▼ 13th Generation: 2015 -2020

In 2015, the F-150 ushered in a major update, including the extensive use of aluminum in the body to reduce the weight of the vehicle. Although some aluminum sneaked into Ram 1500 and Chevrolet Silverado, it surprised Ford’s competitors.

▼ 14th generation: 2021-?

The 14th generation is still writing the story of this legendary and classic model, and it will be the first pickup truck model to provide power system. Since 1948, it must have come a long way, accompanied by the cargo bed in the back and the blue oval Ford badge in the front.

As the top ten best-selling cars in the United States, it has won the title of the best car in the United States for many years, and its sales volume has surpassed that of any other large truck brand. The classic story of Ford F150 continues to be written. As a fan of F150 pickup truck, you will certainly continue to look forward to its wonderful.

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