[Global Times reporter Chen Qianzhong Yuhua] Editor’s Note: On the evening of November 29th, Beijing time, at the 17th regular session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, China’s declared "China’s traditional tea-making skills and related customs" passed the evaluation and was included in the UNESCO representative list of human intangible cultural heritage. Human beings need harmonious coexistence and elegant and poetic habitation. China tea culture pays attention to "tea and the world", and its concept of "quietness and elegance" meets the needs of today’s world.

　　Non-legacy projects mainly come from four major tea areas.

　　"Traditional tea-making skills and related customs in China" refers to the knowledge, skills and practices related to tea garden management, tea picking, hand-made tea and tea drinking and sharing. Wang Fuzhou, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Art and director of the China Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center, told the Global Times reporter that the project included 44 small projects from 15 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) across the country. This declaration covers traditional tea-making techniques such as green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, black tea, yellow tea, reprocessed tea, etc., and also includes related customs such as jingshan tea banquet and tea-driving field, which can be called the "largest volume" in all previous human heritage declaration projects in China. According to the local conditions, tea makers have developed more than 2,000 kinds of tea products with different colors, smells, tastes and shapes, using tools such as frying pan, bamboo plaque and baking cage, and using core techniques such as deactivating enzymes, suffocating yellow, piling, withering, fermenting and scenting.

　　The tea maker is withering the Fuding white tea.

　　Wang Fuzhou said that traditional tea-making techniques are closely related to geographical location and natural environment, mainly concentrated in the four major tea-making areas of Jiangnan, Jiangbei, Southwest and South China, south of the Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains of China and east of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan, Anhui, Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces (cities, autonomous regions); Related customs are widely spread all over the country and shared by many ethnic groups.

　　A document submitted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism to UNESCO states that tea is ubiquitous in Chinese’s daily life. People drink tea in homes, workplaces, teahouses, restaurants and temples by soaking and boiling. Tea is an important part of social activities and ceremonies such as weddings, apprentices and sacrifices.

　　As a member of this application project, Wang Fuzhou said that the selection of "China traditional tea-making skills and related customs" as this application project is due to the fact that tea has traditional skills, its geographical distribution is wide, its heritage types are rich, and it has the historical significance of East-West exchanges such as the ancient Silk Road and the ancient tea-horse road.

　　Yu Jinlong, a cultural scholar, told the Global Times reporter that the western lifestyle that consumes a lot and pays attention to material things is no longer suitable for human development. Humans need a richer spiritual life. The excellent Chinese traditional culture just meets human needs, and tea culture is an outstanding representative.

　　China tea is connected to the whole world.

　　Zou Jiaju, president of Yunnan Tea Industry Association, told Global Times that China was the first country in the world to grow and make tea. Tea has been associated with Chinese for thousands of years, which has been verified in many historical materials, including Shennong Herbal Classic, the first drug monograph written by China, Tea Classic written by Lu Yu in the Tang Dynasty, and Su Shi, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, who discussed drinking tea in his poems. Tea has a long history in China, which is not only deeply integrated into people’s daily life, but also becomes an important carrier for inheriting Chinese culture.

　　Jiang Song, a cultural scholar, told reporters that the earliest tea was basically drunk by some nobles and elites. Subsequently, the development and popularization of tea drinking culture was related to religion. It can be found from some literature records that Taoism and Buddhism were very popular in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Taoists and monks all followed a way of clearing up after noon and drinking tea to refresh their minds. In the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism spread widely, and ordinary people began to drink tea, forming a mass tea drinking culture, which reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. From Zhang Zeduan’s "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", we can see many teahouses. In the Northern Song Dynasty, drinking tea in teahouses has become an important social way. In the Song Dynasty, there was an elegant way of fighting tea, in which the tea-fighters took their own good tea, cooked it in turn, and evaluated each other to compete. Tea fighting includes tea fighting products, tea fighting orders and tea games. One of the links of tea fighting is to crush the tea cake, then fry it, and then use boiling water to break the tea with special tools. The longer the foam lasts, the better the tea is.

　　Zheng Changling, deputy director and secretary-general of China Folk Culture Innovation and Development Center, told the Global Times reporter that Chinese discovered tea very early and widely produced and served life, and left behind the ancient tea-horse road, which is talked about by people today.

　　As a famous commercial road, such as Silk Road, Maritime Silk Road and Wanli Tea Ceremony, the ancient tea-horse road is a link between different regions, different nationalities and different cultures, a historical witness to the prosperity of the Chinese nation and an important symbol of Chinese civilization.

　　The Yunnan-Tibet line and Sichuan-Tibet line of the original Tea-Horse Road crossed the Hengduan Mountain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for the first time in the form of an expedition road, extended to the western regions, and joined the Silk Road. The phenomenon of multicultural interaction and exchange formed on the Tea-Horse Road, which became one of the powerful arteries connecting ancient and modern China with the outside world. More than 20 ethnic groups, including Han, Tibetan, Dai, Yi and Naxi, inhabit the area radiated by the Tea-Horse Ancient Road, which is a collection of Central Plains culture, Tibetan traditional culture, Baye culture, fire culture, Dongba culture and other cultural forms, and Tibetan Buddhism and Zen have also left different degrees of influence.

　　Yu Jinlong, a cultural scholar, told the Global Times reporter that as the origin of tea trees and the birthplace of tea culture, China’s tea, tea trees and tea culture spread all over the world with the development of cultural exchanges and commercial trade. It was introduced to Japan, Korea, South Asia, Southeast Asia and other regions in the Tang Dynasty, and spread to European countries, the American continent, the Middle East, Russia and other regions in the 16th century. Under the direct influence of China’s tea culture, Britain, Japan, South Korea, Russia and Morocco have also formed their own tea culture. Among them, Japanese tea ceremony and Korean tea ceremony are most influenced by Chinese tea culture.

　　Jiang Song said that in the Tang Dynasty, when Jian Zhen traveled eastward, Buddhism brought tea to Japan, which changed the Japanese way of life. Among the western countries, tea has had the most influence on Britain since the 17th century, which in turn has affected the whole of Europe. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the whole national economy of Britain was affected by the tea trade. According to statistics, 10% of British national income was used to buy tea, which became an important luxury. Some elites thought that the British people were too extravagant in tea consumption, so they suggested that they reduce drinking tea. However, drinking tea has become a way of life, not only because the British diet with more meat needs tea to improve digestion, but also because drinking afternoon tea has become a social way, and then a large number of teahouses have appeared. At that time, a housewife was not a qualified housewife if she could not cook tea for her guests.

　　By the 19th century, Britain’s national economy was closely related to two kinds of plants, one was to spend silver to buy China tea, the other was to control the huge trade deficit, and began to grow poppies in India to make opium, and later even launched two opium wars.

　　In order to narrow the huge trade deficit, Britain decided to steal tea seeds. In the late Qing Dynasty, Robert Fujun, a British plant hunter, smuggled China tea trees to India. At present, tea is grown in at least 50 countries around the world, and more than 120 countries import tea from China. The number of people who like tea in the world has exceeded 5 billion. It can be said that tea and tea culture originated in China have spread all over the world.

　　The closed-door policy was adopted in the late Qing Dynasty, and China’s tea-making technology and other related tea cultures began to lag behind Japan in terms of commercial marketing and communication. However, Chinese’s tea-growing technology and tea-making technology, which have been passed down for thousands of years, are profound and profound, and are still second to none today.

　　Non-genetic inheritor: Successful application for World Heritage is only the starting point.

　　Fan Shenghua, a provincial representative inheritor of the picking and production skills of the national intangible cultural heritage project "West Lake Longjing Tea", participated in this application. He told the Global Times reporter that the success of the application means heavier responsibility and better inheritance. After 48 years of frying tea, in order to pass on the "frying tea skills left by ancestors from generation to generation", Fan Shenghua began to go to surrounding schools and vocational skills training units to train the production skills of West Lake Longjing tea in 2015. "It takes patience to stir-fry tea, which is what I often emphasize with young people." Yang Feng, the inheritor of the intangible cultural heritage of Zhenghe white tea making skills, once participated in the production of Bai Mudan, the national gift of the G20 Hangzhou Summit in 2016. He told the Global Times reporter that the success of this application is enough to prove the value of China tea and tea making skills, which is an important example of Chinese culture’s self-confidence.

　　Successful application for the World Heritage is conducive to promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the global tea industry, deepening the integration and mutual learning of tea culture, and letting more people know and love tea, enjoy the fragrance of tea and share a better life. At the same time, tea culture will have a far-reaching impact on moral cultivation and personality shaping. Promoting the exchange and mutual learning of world civilizations through the Silk Road will play an important role in the sustainable development of human society.

　　At present, Yang Feng’s tea factory cooperates with international organizations to provide a study tour mode of "labor for accommodation". Over the past few years, hundreds of volunteers from more than 10 countries have been attracted to live in tea factories and experience life with the workers. These volunteers have also brought their understanding and good memories of Zhenghe white tea to all corners of the country.

　　Yang Feng told the Global Times reporter, "The application for the World Heritage is only the starting point. We should focus on the quality of tea and cherish the value of the brand. With the country ‘ Belt and Road ’ The implementation of the initiative responds to the call for China culture to go abroad. I hope that international friends who love tea can walk into Chashan to learn about China’s tea culture and bring our tea, century-old tea taste and our customs to all parts of the world. " Zheng Changling told the Global Times reporter that through this application, we can not only see the profound tea culture in China, but also need to see the ideas, wisdom, experience, emotion and spirit of understanding nature and pursuing harmony with the natural society, promote the inheritance and spread of cultural heritage, promote the public’s Chinese cultural consciousness, and further establish cultural self-confidence with more concrete substantive connotations.

　　CCTV News:January 15th is the second day in Spring Festival travel rush, and many popular routes are full of passengers on their way home. In order to create a safe, warm and orderly travel environment, many places have launched a number of measures to serve travelers, making Spring Festival travel rush’s journey faster and warmer.

　　On January 15th, the national railway is expected to send 11 million passengers.

　　On January 15th, the national railways are expected to send 11 million passengers, and 554 additional passenger trains are planned. Judging from the pre-sale situation of 12306, as of 8: 30 on January 15th, the railway 12306 has sold a total of 120 million tickets during the Spring Festival travel rush period, and the railway 12306 has passed the pre-holiday ticket sales peak smoothly, and the system has maintained safe and stable operation.

　　Roads, waterways and civil aviation are running smoothly and orderly as a whole.

　　On the highway side, the second day in Spring Festival travel rush, the national highway network was running smoothly and orderly. Before the festival, the traffic flow of the road network was mainly student flow, work flow and freight flow. In terms of waterways, it is estimated that about 500,000 passengers will be sent by water on January 15th. In terms of civil aviation, it is estimated that 2.18 million passengers will be sent on January 15th.

　　The airport creates a "non-inductive customs clearance" for outbound luggage

　　In order to facilitate passengers’ travel, many places have also launched a number of service initiatives. At Gaoqi International Airport in Xiamen, Fujian, passengers can check in and check their luggage without going through customs inspection after entering the departure hall. After the border inspection, you can wait for boarding after a carry-on baggage security check, which realizes the "non-inductive customs clearance" of outbound baggage.

　　High-speed rail non-legacy cultural festival adds color to the way home

　　As the Spring Festival approaches, the annual flavor on the train is getting stronger and stronger. Among them, Chengdu Bureau of China Railway started the theme bullet train of "High-speed Rail Intangible Cultural Festival", which is full of festive atmosphere. The Qiang flute ensemble, Qiang folk songs chorus, and the cheerful dance of Qiang Salang dancers have made the tourists deeply feel the unique charm of Qiang culture.

　　The cross-regional flow of people in the whole society is expected to exceed 160 million.

　　January 15th is the second day of Spring Festival travel rush in 2025. The reporter learned from the 2025 Comprehensive Transportation Spring Festival travel rush Work Class that on January 15th, the cross-regional personnel flow of the whole society is expected to exceed 160 million person-times, and the traffic is smooth and orderly.

　　On the second day in Spring Festival travel rush, the cross-regional mobility of the whole society is expected to be 166.3 million person-times, including 11 million passenger trips by rail.

　　In order to meet the travel needs of passengers, the railway department has increased the capacity in popular routes and sections, and at the same time increased the service guarantee of stations and cars.

　　In order to improve the convenience of the elderly passengers, Yichun Railway Station in Jiangxi Province has introduced a 15-minute fast check-in channel at the ticket gate, and has also carefully prepared year of the snake mascots and other annual gifts for passengers with children.

　　During the period of Spring Festival travel rush, the number of passengers traveling with children increased significantly. Yan ‘an Station of Xi ‘an Bureau of China Railway added a children’s play area in the waiting room, with toys suitable for children of different ages and isolation zones.

　　The "Mengwa" Post Station in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province warms passengers’ travel.

　　In order to facilitate passengers to travel with their baby, the "Mengwa" post station was opened in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province and Ganzhou West Railway Station, so that small passengers can have a place to wait and travel with their baby is more convenient.

　　Walking into the waiting hall of Ganzhou West Railway Station, the "Mengwa" station is particularly conspicuous. The layout here is warm and lovely, full of childlike interest. There are children’s books in the post station and young volunteers on duty.

　　Ganzhou West Railway Station "Mengwa" Station covers an area of about 60 square meters. During the peak passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush, Ganzhou West Railway Station arranges two volunteers to provide volunteer service at the "Mengwa" post station every day to help passengers "take care of their babies".

　　The overall operation of the national highway network is stable and orderly.

　　On the second day in Spring Festival travel rush, the national highway personnel flow was 152.62 million person-times, and the overall operation of the highway network was stable and orderly. In order to ensure the smooth travel of new energy owners, transportation, electric power and other departments continue to improve their charging support capabilities.

　　In Jiaozhou Service Area of Shandong Qinglan Expressway and Wenling Service Area of Taizhou of Zhejiang Coastal Expressway, where the demand for charging new energy vehicles is strong, the local transportation and power supply departments upgraded the charging equipment and equipped them with mobile fast charging piles, which greatly shortened the charging time of vehicles.

　　In terms of civil aviation, the passenger volume of civil aviation was 2.18 million passengers. According to the passenger demand of Spring Festival travel rush in 2025, some airlines put forward plans for opening new routes. China Southern Airlines plans to open new routes from Daxing, Beijing to Xishuangbanna, Jiamusi, Qiqihar and Mudanjiang. Xiamen Airlines plans to open new routes from Daxing, Beijing to Mudanjiang and Beihai. In addition, China Eastern Airlines plans to add flights from Beijing Daxing to Changbai Mountain, Xiamen, Boao and Changchun.

　　Culture makes the country prosperous and the nation strong. Without a high degree of cultural self-confidence and cultural prosperity, there would be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Building a strong socialist culture is an important task of building a strong socialist modernization country. How to understand the rich connotation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture? How to vigorously build a socialist cultural power in the new era? Several articles in this observation edition focus on these issues.

　　— — Editor

　　The core of building a cultural power is to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture (People’s Watch)

　　She Shuanghao

　　Culture is the spiritual achievement accumulated by a country and a nation in the long-term development history, and it is the spiritual lifeline that keeps the country and the nation alive and the spiritual home of the people. In contemporary China, the core of building a socialist cultural power is to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and constantly create new glories of Chinese culture. Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is the spiritual force to promote the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture originated from the excellent traditional Chinese culture nurtured by the 5,000-year-old civilization history of the Chinese nation, and was cast in the revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture created by the party leading the people in revolution, construction and reform, and rooted in the great practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics." This important thesis scientifically defines Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and profoundly reveals the essential attribute of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. To build a strong socialist cultural country, we need to understand and grasp Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture from multiple dimensions.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture highlights China characteristics.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is the culture of China, with strong China characteristics, China style and China style. Its value subject is the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China, its cultural content is the spiritual achievement created by the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese people, and it has a clear Chinese position. To develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s culture and build a socialist cultural power, we should highlight the characteristics of China and reflect the cultural ideas of the people of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and China.

　　Every culture has its own roots, and the roots of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture are the excellent traditional Chinese culture nurtured by the Chinese nation in its history of more than 5,000 years. This is the gene of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture, the fertile soil for nourishing Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture, and the characteristic and advantage of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. Chinese culture is the only uninterrupted ancient culture in the world. It has developed tenaciously with strong vitality for thousands of years, creating one glory after another in the history of human civilization. The Communist Party of China (CPC) is the inheritor and promoter of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and has always attached great importance to the role of Chinese excellent traditional culture. To build a strong socialist culture, we must actively activate the excellent Chinese traditional culture and make it the internal nourishment for the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture. To achieve this, we need to attach great importance to the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture was created by the Party leading the people in revolution, construction and reform, and rooted in the great practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is the embodiment of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road, Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theory System and Socialism with Chinese characteristics System at the cultural level, showing the spirit of China, the value of China and the strength of China, and reflecting the ideological concept and moral norms of contemporary Chinese. This determines that the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture must abandon the kind of "respecting foreign countries" and "taking foreign countries as beauty"The wrong concept of "only following the foreign countries".

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture highlights the essence of socialism.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is a socialist culture, not a culture of other natures, which is inherent in the cultural nature. Socialist culture is a more advanced cultural form than capitalist culture and feudal culture. To develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must firmly grasp the essential attributes of socialism and constantly strengthen our cultural self-confidence.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is cast in the revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture created by the Party leading the people in revolution, construction and reform. Both revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture belong to socialist culture, which is the spiritual achievement that the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of China to form and accumulate in the practice of revolution, construction and reform. At the same time, after creative transformation and innovative development, Chinese excellent traditional culture is also adapted to Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The nature of socialism determines that Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture always insists on serving the people and socialism, and it is a people-centered culture. The reason why Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture has always maintained its socialist nature is that it always adheres to the guidance of Marxism and represents the direction of advanced human culture. Therefore, to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must always adhere to the guidance of Marxism, which is the fundamental sign that Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is different from other cultures. Without the guidance of Marxism and the nature of socialism, even if more cultural products are produced, it cannot be said that a socialist cultural power has been built.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture has practical spirit.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is a vivid reflection of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice, and it is also the spiritual driving force to promote Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice. According to the basic viewpoint of Marxism, social existence determines social consciousness, and social consciousness reacts on social existence. As a social consciousness, culture is a reflection of social existence in the final analysis. Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture, as a concept and spiritual thing, is in the final analysis a reflection of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice, which in turn reacts to Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice. To develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must firmly grasp its practical spirit, so that spiritual civilization and material civilization can develop in harmony.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with great political courage and strong responsibility, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has solved many problems that have been tried for a long time but not solved, and accomplished many major events that were tried but not done in the past, which has promoted historic changes in the cause of the party and the country, and the Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from being rich to being strong. It is in the great development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s career that Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture has ushered in great development and prosperity; The great development and prosperity of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture has promoted the great development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the new era, to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s culture and build a socialist cultural power, we should obtain a steady stream of power for cultural development from practice, and at the same time make cultural development an inexhaustible spiritual power for reform and development.

　　(The author is Dean of School of Marxism, Wuhan University, and a researcher at Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center, Hubei Province.)

　　Three Relationships Should Be Handled Scientifically in Building a Powerful Cultural Country (All Written by Everyone)

　　He xingliang

　　Building a strong socialist culture is the foothold of promoting the prosperity of socialist culture and the inherent requirement of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. To build a strong socialist cultural country, we need to deal with three kinds of relations in practice.

　　The first is the relationship between inheritance and innovation. Inheriting Chinese excellent traditional culture is the consensus of all walks of life at present. If the culture of a country or nation loses its tradition, it may become a vassal of other cultures, and it is impossible to have a position in the world. Many contents in Chinese excellent traditional culture have high scientific value, historical value and artistic value, and are the crystallization of Chinese wisdom for thousands of years. At present, the key to inheriting Chinese excellent traditional culture is to inherit and carry forward its rich and excellent philosophical thoughts, humanistic spirit, enlightenment thoughts and moral concepts. These are the soul and essence of Chinese excellent traditional culture, which have eternal value and have been handed down from generation to generation in history. In addition, we should inherit all kinds of excellent literary works, music, dance and drama.

　　On the basis of inheriting Chinese excellent traditional culture, we should also attach importance to cultural innovation. We often say "old country, new life". The so-called "old country and new life" is mainly embodied in respecting and carrying forward the tradition without following it, but adapting to the pace of the times and innovating traditional things. To build a strong socialist culture, we should also constantly bring forth the old and bring forth the new, thus enriching the content of Chinese culture. There are many ways of cultural innovation, one of which is the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. For example, Confucianism contains the humanistic spirit of people-oriented, the spirit of unremitting struggle for self-improvement, the patriotic spirit of loyalty to the country, and the spirit of unity of knowing and doing. For these spirits, we should carry out creative transformation and innovative development according to the requirements of the development of the times, and enrich the spiritual world of contemporary Chinese. We should also inject new factors into the ethics of Chinese excellent traditional culture to adapt it to modern society. Cultural innovation should also be based on today’s reality, adapt to the higher spiritual and cultural needs of the people in the new era, accelerate the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries, and provide more excellent cultural products for the people.

　　The second is the relationship between bringing in and going out. Bringing in and going out are opposite and complementary, and they should develop in a balanced way. The purpose of introduction is to absorb the outstanding cultural achievements of all countries in the world and better develop Chinese culture; The purpose of going abroad is to let people all over the world know and understand Chinese culture and enhance its influence and appeal in the world. Comrade Supreme Leader emphasized that "civilizations are colorful because of communication, and civilizations are enriched because of mutual learning", and "we should all adopt the attitude of learning from and actively absorb the beneficial elements of various civilizations created by human society". Chinese culture emphasizes eclecticism and all rivers run into the sea. To build a strong socialist cultural country, it is necessary to introduce excellent cultural achievements from other countries and nations. It should be emphasized that the introduction of outstanding cultural achievements should not be swallowed up, let alone copied blindly, but should be reformed and innovated according to China’s national conditions to make it more suitable for China society.

　　To build a strong socialist cultural country, we should not only pay attention to importing, but also pay attention to going abroad. Only by making Chinese culture have an important influence in the world can China be regarded as a cultural power. Chinese excellent traditional culture has had a profound influence on many countries, including western countries. From the 17th century to the 18th century, some western missionaries translated and introduced some classic works of ancient China to European countries, which shocked the ideological circles of many European countries and formed an upsurge of worshipping China culture. The revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture created by the Communist Party of China (CPC), who led the people of China after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, have become a powerful spiritual driving force for the development of China, and the spirit of China has attracted worldwide attention. Nowadays, people are more and more aware that Chinese culture contains important enlightenment to solve the problems faced by contemporary mankind. Therefore, Chinese culture is facing rare opportunities and broad space to go global. To promote Chinese culture to go abroad, first, it can increase the export of cultural products; Second, we can enlarge and strengthen the mainstream media, broaden the channels of communication and improve the communication power of Chinese culture; Third, we can strengthen foreign cultural exchanges; Fourth, it can support foreign Chinese education and Chinese culture education.

　　The third is the relationship between unity and diversity. The Chinese nation has formed a common spiritual home in the long-term historical development process, and worships the same mainstream values and ethics, which makes Chinese culture unified. But Chinese culture has the characteristics of diversity. As the saying goes: "A hundred miles of different winds, a thousand miles of different customs." China has a vast territory and many ethnic groups, and different ethnic groups and regions have their own cultural characteristics, which makes Chinese culture show diversity. The unity and diversity of culture are not simple opposites, but the relationship between generality and individuality. Cultural unity is a universal attribute of cultures of all ethnic groups and regions; Cultural diversity reflects the uniqueness of cultures of all ethnic groups and regions.

　　The key to enhancing cultural unity is to cultivate and practice socialist core values in the whole society. The socialist core values are the concentrated expression of contemporary China spirit, which embodies the common value pursuit of all the people. It is necessary to give play to the leading role of socialist core values in national education, the creation of spiritual civilization and the creation, production and dissemination of spiritual and cultural products, and integrate socialist core values into all aspects of social development. To protect cultural diversity, an important task is to protect and inherit the performing arts such as music, dance, drama, folk art, acrobatics and other handicrafts such as carving, embroidery, knitting and dyeing of all ethnic groups and regions, as well as to protect all kinds of life etiquette, New Year’s festivals and ethnic medicines.

　　(The author is a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and a counselor of the State Council)

　　The only way for the modern transformation of Chinese excellent traditional culture

　　"Two Innovations": the Scientific Policy of Building a Cultural Power (Seeking Truth from the Situation)

　　Li Zonggui

　　Contemporary China is striding forward on the road of socialist modernization. In the new journey of building a socialist modern power in an all-round way, how to make Chinese excellent traditional culture glow in the Spring Festival, help develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and provide spiritual nourishment for building a spiritual home shared by the Chinese nation is a realistic problem to be solved urgently in building a socialist cultural power. In recent years, the Supreme Leader has clearly put forward and repeatedly stressed that it is necessary to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. "Two Innovations" is the full expression of cultural self-confidence and self-consciousness, the basic principle and the only way to promote the transformation of Chinese excellent traditional culture from tradition to modernity, the scientific policy for us to treat Chinese excellent traditional culture correctly and build a socialist cultural power, and the important guarantee for creating new glory of Chinese culture.

　　Creative transformation and innovative development are the organic unity of inheritance and innovation. First of all, it emphasizes that Chinese excellent traditional culture has modern value and is a historical and cultural resource worthy of our serious exploration and vigorous promotion. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Supreme Leader has made many important expositions on the value of Chinese excellent traditional culture. He emphasized: "Chinese culture has a long history, accumulating the deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation, representing the unique spiritual identity of the Chinese nation, and providing rich nourishment for the endless development and growth of the Chinese nation." The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture originated from the excellent traditional Chinese culture nurtured by the 5,000-year civilization history of the Chinese nation, was cast in the revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture created by the party leading the people in revolution, construction and reform, and was rooted in the great practice of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. This important thesis emphasizes that Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture originates from Chinese excellent traditional culture, which is a full affirmation of Chinese excellent traditional culture, a cultural consciousness of adhering to Chinese cultural position and inheriting Chinese context, and also the fundamental reason for us to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture.

　　Creative transformation and innovative development is a scientific attitude towards Chinese excellent traditional culture, which not only requires us to respect and inherit Chinese excellent traditional culture, but also is good at transforming and developing Chinese excellent traditional culture. Marxist philosophy tells us that dialectical negation is sublation, reservation, abandonment and transformation. For Chinese traditional culture, including the excellent traditional culture, it is obviously historical nihilism to completely deny it, but it will turn into revivalism to completely copy it. Promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture requires us to adhere to the guidance of Marxism, to carry forward the excellent cultural spirit that spans time and space, transcends the country, has eternal charm and has contemporary value under the guidance of the national spirit with patriotism as the core and the spirit of the times with reform and innovation as the core, so as to adapt Chinese excellent traditional culture to contemporary culture, coordinate with modern society and constantly glow with new vitality to nourish the spiritual world of contemporary Chinese. No matter from the theory of cultural development or from the practice of cultural development, the policy of "two innovations" is a strategic policy to treat Chinese excellent traditional culture scientifically and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture under the new era conditions, and it is a transcendence and innovation of various traditional cultures in the past, which is of great significance to building a socialist cultural power.

　　To promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, the premise is to have an objective and rational value evaluation of Chinese excellent traditional culture. This kind of value evaluation should not only rely on sentiment, intuition and subjective feelings, but also form a scientific value evaluation standard according to the needs of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s development in the new era and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The excellent Chinese traditional culture that we want to creatively transform and develop should be beneficial to governing the country, social development, moral construction, cultural identity, national unity, national rejuvenation and the development of world civilization. It is good to have some of these qualities, but it is precious to have only one. Among them, it includes core ideas, such as caring, attaching importance to people-oriented, keeping honesty, advocating justice, respecting harmony and seeking great harmony; It also includes Chinese traditional virtues, such as self-improvement, respect for career and happiness, helping the poor, being brave, filial piety and loving relatives; It also includes the Chinese humanistic spirit, such as the enlightenment thought of carrying Tao by literature and educating people by culture, the aesthetic pursuit of combining form and spirit with scene, and the life concept of frugality, neutrality and harmony.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s remarkable achievements since the reform and opening up cannot be separated from the encouragement of China spirit. In the new era, to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must further build the spirit of China and hold high the spirit of China. Promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture is an important way to build the spirit of China. As long as we adhere to the policy of "two innovations", we can constantly use the outstanding cultural achievements created by the Chinese nation to educate people with culture, provide spiritual guidance for the people, and provide spiritual impetus for the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.

　　(The author is a professor of philosophy at Sun Yat-sen University and a special researcher at Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center, the supreme leader of Guangdong Province.)

　　Constantly create new glory of Chinese culture.

　　Grasp the basic requirements of developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture (seeking truth from the situation)

　　Gao changwu

　　The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out: "To develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is to take Marxism as a guide, adhere to the Chinese cultural stance, base on the reality of contemporary China and combine the conditions of the present era to develop a national, scientific and popular socialist culture facing modernization, the world and the future, and promote the coordinated development of socialist spiritual civilization and material civilization." This important exposition clarifies the basic requirements for developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and building a socialist cultural power: taking Marxism as the guide, adhering to the position of Chinese culture, basing on the reality of contemporary China and combining the conditions of the present era. Only by thoroughly implementing these basic requirements can we promote the prosperity of socialist culture and build a strong socialist culture.

　　Guided by Marxism. Marxism creatively reveals the development law of human society, is a scientific world outlook and methodology, and is a powerful ideological weapon for people to know the world, grasp the law, pursue the truth and transform the world. Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology for building the party and the country, and it is also the fundamental guiding ideology for promoting cultural construction. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made strategic arrangements for promoting socialist cultural construction, including firmly grasping the leadership of ideological work, cultivating and practicing socialist core values, strengthening ideological and moral construction, prospering and developing socialist literature and art, and promoting the development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries. No matter what kind of work, we must always adhere to Marxism as the guidance. For example, if we want to firmly grasp the leadership of ideological work, we must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, promote the modernization and popularization of Marxism in China, build a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power, and unite all the people closely in ideals, beliefs, values and moral concepts. Practice has fully proved that only by adhering to the guidance of Marxism can cultural construction always maintain the correct direction and provide a strong spiritual force for the development of the cause of the party and the people. In the new era, to develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must take a clear-cut stand on the fundamental issue of adhering to Marxism, and we must not waver at any time or under any circumstances. If we give up the guidance of Marxism, cultural construction will lose its direction and even go astray.

　　Stick to the position of Chinese culture. Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture is a culture with distinctive China characteristics, China style and China style. The reason for this is that it is deeply rooted in the rich and profound fertile soil of Chinese excellent traditional culture, deeply rooted in Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s great practice, and embodies a distinct Chinese cultural stand. Adhering to the position of Chinese culture is an inevitable requirement for the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture, and it is also a fundamental requirement for Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture to gain a firm foothold and have important influence in the world cultural agitation. To adhere to the position of Chinese culture, we must first strengthen cultural self-confidence. Comrade Supreme Leader pointed out: "Cultural self-confidence is a more basic, deeper and more lasting force." Without firm cultural self-confidence, it is impossible to truly adhere to the position of Chinese culture. We should embody our firm cultural self-confidence and stick to the Chinese cultural stance in all aspects of building a socialist cultural power, and let the world know the cultural spirit, cultural pursuit and cultural responsibility of the Chinese nation.

　　Based on the reality of contemporary China. Contemporary China reality belongs to the category of objective reality and social existence, while Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture belongs to the category of subjective understanding and social consciousness. Marxism holds that social existence determines social consciousness. Therefore, the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture must be based on the reality of contemporary China. Based on the reality of contemporary China, the key is to deeply understand that Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. To develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture and build a socialist cultural power, we must base ourselves on the new era, a new historical orientation of China’s development, fully reflect the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and strive to meet the higher requirements of the people in the new era for spiritual and cultural life. Based on the reality of contemporary China, through cultural construction, the world can better understand "developing China", "opening China" and "China contributing to human civilization".

　　Combined with the conditions of today’s times. In today’s era, the world is in a period of great development, great change and great adjustment, and world multipolarization, economic globalization, social informatization and cultural diversity are developing in depth. At the same time, the instability and uncertainty facing the world are increasingly prominent, and mankind faces many common challenges. As far as cultural development is concerned, all kinds of ideas and cultures in the world are stirring with each other, exchanges and encounters are more frequent, and the strategic position of culture in the competition of comprehensive national strength is further highlighted. However, some western developed countries use the long-standing advantage of cultural discourse power to infiltrate the developing countries in an attempt to maintain the old world cultural pattern through "cultural hegemonism". At the same time, scientific and technological progress and the rise of cultural industries have provided new opportunities for cultural development. To build a strong socialist cultural country, we must combine the current conditions of the times, profoundly grasp the cultural development trend, and make Socialism with Chinese characteristics culture always reflect the spirit and requirements of the times.

　　(Author: Central Party History and Literature Research Institute)

　　There is no need to keep it secret. When the Central Environmental Protection Inspector Group "looks back" to Guangdong, it will definitely go to Shantou to see the rectification of Lianjiang. However, the results shocked the Fifth Inspector Group of Central Environmental Protection (hereinafter referred to as the Inspector Group): no matter whether it was a good step beforehand or a temporary motion, the rivers we saw were all black and smelly; Garbage is discarded and buried at will; Even electronic waste is piled up beside the rice fields.

　　"Please tell the relevant comrades in Shantou City to prepare a detailed list of pollution remediation in Lianjiang. The more detailed the better." Although before departure, the responsible comrades of the inspector group repeatedly told. However, what I heard in Shantou was that from the party and government leaders at the district level to the directors of various bureaus, there were various questions about pollution control in Lianjiang.

　　From sewage pipe network to sewage treatment plant, from environmental protection investment to grass-roots party committees and governments, environmental protection issues have been studied several times a year. The accounts are calculated one by one, and the projects are core by core, and the problems are explored one by one. The inspector group found that in one and a half years, none of the 13 rectification projects left by the Central Fourth Environmental Protection Inspector Group was completed on time. A year and a half have passed, and the pollution in Lianjiang remains the same.

　　Zhai Qing, deputy head of the inspector group and vice minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, suggested that Shantou leaders live next to ordinary people until the water is neither black nor smelly. Shantou city leaders immediately agreed.

　　Temporary parking several times, black and smelly water everywhere.

　　Looking at the pollution control situation of Lianjiang, Chaonan District of Shantou City is an unavoidable area.

　　"Master, stop here." On the afternoon of June 15th, when the bus of the Inspector Group and his party traveled to Lianbei Village in heping town, Chaoyang District and Lianbei Pit (a tributary of Lianjiang River), the Inspector Group and his party got off the bus. The river is dark and smelly, and there are several meters of sewage outlets on both sides of the river. Sewage is slowly flowing into the river, and the dead fish floating on the river are clearly visible.

　　"Hometown, does this river stink?" In Lian Bei Cun and Lin Kun Shang Cun, Zhai Qing asked everyone. "Smelly. My mother said that she swam here when she was a child. " A pupil who just left school told Zhai Qing. "It stinks. It hasn’t changed for many years." This is the unanimous view of more than 10 villagers that Zhai Qing asked.

　　Walking into the village, Chaoshan-style buildings are particularly beautiful. However, the wastewater mixed with laundry, vegetable washing, floor flushing and so on next to the house is directly discharged into Lianbei Pit along a series of ditches. "Not only that, but our manure here is also directly discharged into Lianbei Pit." A villager told the inspector group that there are pig farms in the upper reaches of the river, and the wastewater is also discharged directly into the river.

　　"Is this still a river?" Zhai Qing threw the problem to Cai Yongming, secretary of Chaoyang District Party Committee. Silence, Cai Yongming was speechless.

　　The river in Caowei Village, Tongyu Town is the place where the inspector group called for parking for the second time. A family’s restaurant is opened next to a ditch, and the restaurant wastewater is directly discharged into the ditch.

　　In the creek of Dakeng Village, Gurao Town, Chaoyang District, the inspector group saw that industrial waste was dumped at will, and the creek was black and smelly. "Is there any clean water? Look at one, one is black and smelly." The inspector group called environmental monitoring personnel to detect the dissolved oxygen content in the river on the spot. "The dissolved oxygen is only 0.05 mg L/m3." "The oxygen in the river is as low as 0.05 mg L/m3, and there are still living things?" On-the-spot investigation by the inspector group found that Gurao Town not only discharged domestic sewage directly into Gurao River, but also caused serious industrial pollution. Although a sewage treatment plant has been built in Gurao Town, there is only a supporting pipe network of 1.14 kilometers, and the sewage treatment plant that has to be built can only be pumped from Gurao River and then discharged into the river.

　　In Chaoyang District, the inspector group also conducted on-site detection of dissolved oxygen in the river water on the east and west banks of Guantian Water, and the test results were 0.11 mg L/m3 and 0.13 mg L/m3 respectively.

　　Leaving Guantianshui, along a stream, the inspector group walked up. A dirt road just filled with all kinds of garbage caught the attention of the inspector group. "How can garbage be filled like this?" Zhai Qing immediately asked to dig up the filled land to see what it was.

　　Taking advantage of the local town leaders’ efforts to find shovels, the inspector group and his party came to a paddy field in Lixian Village, with everything from electronic waste, ladies’ underwear processing waste to burnt industrial waste and domestic waste. The inspector group is speechless.

　　The shovel was brought, and the inspector team returned to the newly paved dirt road. There was no need to dig deep, and after several shovels, all kinds of garbage appeared. According to a preliminary estimate, there are at least 200 tons of garbage buried underground on a dirt road of more than 100 meters.

　　Black and odorous water bodies; Garbage is discarded and buried at will. Everything that the inspector group saw in Chaoyang District of Shantou City was also witnessed by Fang Lixu, secretary of Shantou Municipal Party Committee, and Zheng Jiange, mayor.

　　Lianjiang governance is a muddled account.

　　Baishuiqi, which originated in Yangmeiping at the southwest foot of Wufengjian, Da Nan Shan, Puning City, Guangdong Province, has 17 tributaries, which flow from north to south into a 71-kilometer-long main stream with a basin area of 1,346.6 square kilometers. It was once named "Lianjiang" because the river is clear and winding like a white practice. Lianjiang is also the mother river of Chaoshan area.

　　In November 2016, the Central Fourth Environmental Protection Inspector Group (hereinafter referred to as the fourth group) conducted a one-month inspection in Guangdong. Among them, one of the key points is the pollution control of Lianjiang. Guangdong Province sorted out the problems raised in the feedback from the fourth group, and finally determined that there are 13 projects that need rectification in Shantou around the pollution control of Lianjiang (originally there were 14, but due to the merger of one of the projects, there are 13 projects that actually need rectification).

　　These 13 projects include the construction of two textile printing and dyeing centers in Chaoyang and Chaonan, two waste incineration power plants and nine sewage treatment plants. In the open rectification plan of Guangdong Province, the rectification of these 13 projects has a timetable.

　　According to Shantou Municipal Government, Longtian Sewage Treatment Plant in Chaonan District has completed the supporting construction of sewage pipe network. "How many kilometers has the main pipe been built? How many kilometers is the branch pipe? How many kilometers of capillary? " "When were these pipe networks built?" "What is the pollution load of the sewage treatment plant now?" On these issues, Zhai Qing asked Shantou City to give specific data. "According to the bidding plan, the construction of the pipe network has been completed." Zhang Xuelong, secretary of Chaonan District Party Committee, answered. "What do you mean by bidding scheme?" Zhai Qing asked. After several rounds of questioning and counter-questioning, Longtian Sewage Treatment Plant, which claims to have been completed, actually failed to complete the construction on time and play its due benefits.

　　Guiyu Sewage Treatment Plant is one of nine sewage treatment plants that need to be built. According to the requirements of Shantou city, the supporting pipe network construction of sewage treatment plant should be completed in August last year. According to Fang Lixu, as of the arrival of the "Looking Back" inspector group, the 11.34-kilometer sewage pipe network that Guiyu Sewage Treatment Plant needs to build has only completed 8.8 kilometers. In fact, under the questioning of the inspector group, even this 8.8-kilometer pipe network was found to have moisture.

　　The construction of nine sewage treatment plants was asked by the inspector group one by one.

　　Shantou Municipal Government told the Inspector Group that nine sewage treatment plants have built a 300-kilometer sewage pipe network. However, after the accounting of one water plant and one water plant and one kilometer of sewage pipe network in Zhai Qing, it was found that the number of sewage pipe networks of 300 kilometers simply did not match. What is even more incomprehensible is that regarding the actual construction of the sewage pipe network, no one can make it clear whether it is the main person in charge of the Party Committee and Government of Chaoyang and Chaonan District where nine sewage treatment plants are located or the directors of the competent departments of finance, water affairs and urban management in Shantou City. It is also unclear about the construction and operation of two textile printing and dyeing centers and two garbage incineration power plants.

　　After the on-site inspection by the inspector group and the verification of each project, none of the 13 projects that need to be rectified in Shantou completed the construction according to the requirements and time sequence. Pollution control of Lianjiang in Shantou City is a muddled account.

　　Investment in environmental protection is far below the national average.

　　Regarding the problems existing in Shantou’s implementation of the rectification requirements of the Central Environmental Protection Inspector, Fang Lixu said frankly that Shantou’s financial input is seriously insufficient. "According to the renovation plan, it takes about 22 billion yuan to renovate the Lianjiang River. Since 2014, financial funds have only invested 2.884 billion yuan, including 416 million yuan from the central government, 1.912 billion yuan from the provincial level, 158 million yuan from the municipal level and 398 million yuan from the district level. "

　　Like the construction of sewage treatment plant pipe network, Shantou’s investment in environmental protection has not been checked. A careful investigation by the inspector group found that in 2017, Shantou’s environmental protection investment was only 6 million yuan. "What projects have you invested in 6 million yuan?" Zhai Qing also kept an eye on the investment in environmental protection. Finally, it was found that the so-called "environmental protection" investment of 6 million yuan was just a water conservancy project.

　　Obviously, in 2017, Shantou City did not spend a penny on the construction of urban sewage pipe network.

　　"Without building a pipe network, it is impossible to intercept the sewage flowing into the Lianjiang River. Without intercepting the sewage flowing into the Lianjiang River, it is impossible to achieve the goal of clearing the Lianjiang River." The inspector group was surprised that a clear pollution control road map could not be implemented in Shantou.

　　After careful checking by the inspector group and relevant departments such as Shantou Finance, in the past four years, Shantou’s investment in environmental protection only accounted for 0.2% of the financial expenditure, far below the national average. Compared with the Pearl River Delta region, Shantou is really not a rich region. However, in the view of the inspector group, it is unreasonable that the investment in environmental protection is far below the national average.

　　In April 2017, the Fourth Inspector Group pointed out: "Shantou and Jieyang have long had the idea of relying on others, and the plan of training the river has failed every year." In the first quarter of this year, the comprehensive pollution index of Lianjiang mainstream increased by 7.8% compared with the same period of last year, and more than two-thirds of the enterprises sampled exceeded the standard. The remediation plan formulated by Guangdong Province still failed to advance as scheduled.

　　"The severity of pollution in Lianjiang, Shantou; The degree of indifference to ecological environment protection at all levels of cities, counties and townships; Negative attitude towards the requirements of the Central Committee and the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government for river training; The slowness of pollution control in Lianjiang is shocking. " A number of "shocks" uttered by an inspector who had participated in the fourth group of inspectors strongly expressed the disappointment and dissatisfaction of the inspector group with pollution control in Lianjiang, Shantou.

　　"I think this is good. Shantou can build a few rooms or rent a few houses by the stinky water where ordinary people live. City leaders take the lead in living there and live with ordinary people along the river until the water is not black or smelly. Please think about it. " Regarding this proposal put forward by Zhai Qing, the responsible person of Shantou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government immediately agreed.

　　In the opinion of the reporter of the Legal Daily, it will take time to prove that you can’t live by the stinking water. However, the message it sends is clear: "Only by empathizing with the people can pollution control be expected to be implemented."

　　On June 16th, the sun was shining, and the inspector group and his party left Shantou. A leader of Shantou City said that it is a shame for Shantou to practice the river. Shantou will use the power of the inspector group to "look back" to "avenge". I hope this day doesn’t come too late. (Yan Jianrong Li Xiaojun/Cartography)

　　The gang of minors "climbing the window" finally gave up because the safe was too heavy. Yesterday, the Guangdong Provincial Public Security Bureau reported that in the "Hurricane No.4" series of special actions to crack down on "theft, robbery and fraud", a professional criminal gang of burglary was detected, and 72 suspects who committed burglary in 14 cities in 7 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities were arrested, and 107 cases were solved. Surprisingly, a quarter of this professional criminal gang are minors. They dress up as children in school uniforms, jump around, follow the owners into high-end residential areas, and commit burglary by climbing. The youngest gang members are only 12 years old, among which left-behind children account for a relatively high proportion.

　　Text/Guangzhou Daily reporter Li Dong correspondent Ceng Xianglong, Xu Pei, Tang Peng

　　The property is too heavy. The thief gets it and throws it away.

　　In order to hide people’s eyes and ears and facilitate entry, the theft gang actually recruited minors. Recently, Guangzhou police closed the net at the same time in Conghua Jiekou Street and Baiyun Yongtai Town, and successfully destroyed an Anglo-German geopolitical theft gang with close organization and clear division of labor, arrested 7 criminal suspects, cracked more than 30 cases of theft, and seized a large number of stolen goods and tools involved.

　　On January 22, 2016, the victim, Mr. Jia, reported that his home was burglarized, and a safe with over 10 million huge debts and a large amount of cash and property was moved away! In addition, cash jewelry and mobile phones scattered at home have also been stolen!

　　After on-site investigation, the police found the stolen safe in the stairwell on the third floor of the crime scene, and the property in the safe was intact. By accessing the video surveillance of the crime scene and surrounding areas, the police investigating the case locked two suspects and found that the suspects took a taxi to Baiyun District, Guangzhou after the theft.

　　On March 3, the police investigating the case learned that the suspect sneaked into Conghua jurisdiction again by bus and tried to commit a crime. At about 17 o’clock, the bus that the suspect took was successfully stopped at the original Conghua Customs exit section of S355 line of National Highway 105, and Hua Mou (male, 24 years old, Qingyuan Yingde nationality), Zhu Mou (male, 22 years old, Qingyuan Yingde nationality) and Wu Mou (male, 12 years old, Qingyuan Yingde nationality) were arrested in one fell swoop.

　　Covering people’s eyes and ears, the child followed the owner into the community

　　According to the suspect’s confession, an Anglo-German burglary gang with tight structure and clear division of labor surfaced. This is an Anglo-German geopolitical theft gang headed by Liu (male, 24 years old, Qingyuan nationality), who lives in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, and commits crimes in various districts of Guangzhou. Its modus operandi is skillful, its division of labor is clear, and its professional and professional characteristics are obvious.

　　The gang consists of several groups. When committing crimes, most of them are an adult and a minor. Adults cover the wind, children follow the owners into the community, and burglary is carried out by climbing and cutting the security net.

　　It is reported that the gang is controlled by adults behind the scenes, most of whom are minors under the age of 14. By taking them to eat, drink and gamble, they are forced to commit crimes on the grounds that children owe money, and the youngest is only 12 years old. "They can blend into the community as easily as children, and it is easier to climb."

　　They mainly target at some high-end residential areas. Most of them take advantage of people’s going out for dinner and walking at around 8: 00 in the evening, cut off the burglar net and burglary by climbing windows or water pipes, steal a house for half an hour, and usually flee the scene before 10: 00.

　　Because they are minors, the punishment is lighter, and many people continue to work after they come out. It is reported that the gang has a lot of criminal records, some of which have been stolen from minors to adulthood.

　　After grasping the clues, the police arrested the rest of the gang members on March 4.

　　Boss "step on the spot" children commit crimes

　　It is understood that their crime targets are basically high-end residential areas. First of all, by dressing up, wearing school uniforms, choosing some small people and skipping along with the owners into the community, the security guards generally do not ask questions.

　　After entering the community, they will choose some buildings without anti-theft nets as their targets and climb into the house to steal. For the buildings on the ground floor, they will climb the sewers and gas pipes. For the high-rise buildings, they will go up to the roof and "hang the golden hook upside down" and use some platforms to climb down from the roof.

　　They usually choose to have no lights in the house at night, or knock on the door first. If someone comes out, it is called the wrong number. For those who install the anti-theft net, they will also cut the anti-theft net to steal. After entering the house, give priority to small pieces of cash and jewelry, and don’t take big ones. The time of committing the crime was chosen at 7: 00 or 8: 00 in the evening, while the owner went out for dinner and a walk.

　　For the stolen property, the boss of the gang has the right to control it. When going to other places to commit crimes, the boss usually goes to "step on the spot" first, and then brings the children to commit crimes. Even if he is caught, the boss will not appear at the scene.

　　It is understood that Qingyuan Yingde climbing burglary criminal group was listed as one of the first seven local professional criminal groups in China by the Ministry of Public Security. The Criminal Investigation Bureau of Guangdong Provincial Public Security Bureau analyzed and judged the cases involving the British and German burglary criminal gangs in Qingyuan, and found that 20 suspects, including Zhang Moulong, were suspected of being separated and combined in Qingcheng District, Fogang County, Liannan County, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shaoguan and other cities in Qingyuan City since the end of last year, committing crimes of burglary more than 30 times, with the project code "4.07".

　　On the evening of April 19th, Guangdong police launched a centralized arrest and inventory operation against the suspects of the "4.07" project, as well as the online fugitives of burglary cases in Britain and Germany. A total of 72 suspects were arrested in 14 cities in 7 provinces, autonomous regions, such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi, including 20 online fugitives, 11 series of cases were solved and 107 cases were solved, and illegal money was seized.

　　How was the "hourly migration" born?

　　According to the police investigating the case, the minor burglary gangs mainly come from Qingyuan Yingde, with the relationship between fellow villagers and relatives as the link. Generally, three or five people are a gang, taking the old and bringing the new, and committing burglary.

　　For example, the master is generally a slightly older member, about 16 or 17 years old, with a criminal record of burglary. When committing a crime, he is generally only responsible for lookout or remote command, while the specific members who commit the crime are younger, generally only 13 or 14 years old, and the youngest is only 12 years old.

　　The proportion of left-behind children in these gangs is relatively high. In the Yingde mountain area of Qingyuan, many parents go out to work in the Pearl River Delta, and only grandparents take care of their children at home. Some 16-and 17-year-old young people in bad society will go to some left-behind children in the same village who are not good at learning, take them to eat and drink at ordinary times, make these children feel very dignified, and slowly teach them how to steal and take them out to commit crimes.

On May 18th, the first export-oriented special armed helicopter Zhi 19E independently developed by China made its first flight in Harbin. This helicopter not only represents the latest development achievements of China’s aviation industry in the field of armed helicopters, but also ranks among the world’s advanced levels in the same type of helicopters. So what are the characteristics of this helicopter? As a treetop killer on the battlefield, what is its performance and combat effectiveness? Let’s take a look.

　　Do not forget your initiative mind, keep moving.

　　The initial heart was cast in the fiery youth of the wind and snow 80 years ago; The initial intention is to continue in the fearless and fearless March for 80 years.

　　The initial heart is the strength of the Long March, the firmness of ideals and beliefs, and the confidence in the victory of the revolution, which made them write a magnificent epic.

　　The Long March is the guardian of the initial heart, preserving the next revolutionary fire with flesh and blood, and sowing the next hope for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　Seven people with stories and seven passionate lives have the same initial intentions, the same choices and the same regrets in this life. They are the witnesses of the Long March. They are the guardians of the initial heart. They are the lantern-holders who keep moving forward.

— — compiler

　　Character introduction:　

　　Su Yiran was born in Cangxi, Sichuan Province in 1918. He used to be a "red kid" on the Long March. At the age of 15 in 1936, he decided on his lifelong belief. He used to be the secretary of the Shandong Provincial Party Committee and Do not forget your initiative mind for 50 years. He used the spirit of the Long March to help the people and govern the world. He is an old Red Army who came all the way from the flames of war. Su Yiran, who is 98 years old this year, has accumulated 80 years of struggle and feelings for the Long March.

　　CCTV News:Cangxi, located in the deep hills on the northern edge of Sichuan Basin, is east of Bashan Mountain and west of Jianmen Gate. It was called Qinlong Lock Key in ancient times and Pingfan in northern Sichuan. This is the place where he was born.

　　Jinan, located in the central and western part of Shandong Province, is a famous historical and cultural city in China, with Mount Tai in the south and the Yellow River in the north. Half-life struggle, this is where he has been in love for 50 years.

　　Two distant places, a 25,000-mile long March feat, made Su Yiran a "resolute Red Army soldier".

　　"The ancestors started their business in history, and later Kun Xinghua followed the Long March." On the top of Nankan Mountain in the suburb of Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, the largest monument forest of the Red Army in China-the monument forest of generals in Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area is hidden in the vibrant green, silently telling the story as if the water had passed. The inscription was written by Su Yiran. Talking about the personal experience of the 25,000-mile long March, he has endless stories.

　　Go with the Red Army resolutely.　

　　Su Yiran was 15 years old in 1933. He lived alone with his mother, but he was rich and well-fed when he was poor. In April and May of this year, a team wearing a red five-star hat suddenly came to my hometown. Su Yiran heard that they were the Red Army (the Red Fourth Army withdrawn from the Soviet area). The Red Army established a Soviet regime to support the farmers in the local area, which helped the poor, punished the strong and saved the weak, and traded fairly, which was very popular among the villagers. Su Yiran watched all this with delight. He also wants to join the army!

　　The new Soviet regime is in urgent need of all kinds of talents. Su Yiran studied in a private school for four years when he was a child. At that time, he was chosen as a scholar and became a "Red Army tax collector" responsible for collecting slaughter tax and special tax.

　　At that time, the Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base was in turmoil, and the enemy was constantly besieging and harassing. On one occasion, when Su Yiran was collecting taxes, he was suddenly searched and slaughtered by the enemy. No time to retreat! He hid in the toilet of a house nearby, hiding in the interlayer between the shed board and the septic tank. The enemy entered the house and searched, but he was not found. Su Yiran heard the enemy soldiers shouting: Burn! Burn the house down! He just held his breath and didn’t move. After a tumultuous noise, the enemy withdrew. Somehow there was no fire, and Su Yiran had a narrow escape.　

　　Su Yiran was 17 years old in 1935. The Red Fourth Front Army abandoned the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area, crossed the Jialing River to the west, and began the Long March in early May. Su Yiran left his mother and hometown to follow the Red Army on the journey.

　　On the way to the Long March, Su Yiran climbed the snow-capped mountains and crossed the grassland three times with the soldiers of the Red Army. On a March, I walked only 40 miles away from Su Yiran’s hometown. Perhaps I was worried about the homesickness of young Su Yiran, so the army leaders talked with him.

　　"Do you want to go home?"

　　"Since I took part in the revolution, I will definitely revolution to the end!" Although he is young, his ambition is firm.

　　In 1936, the Red Army team crossed the snowy mountain grassland for the third time from Ganzi and other places and joined the Central Red Army in the north. A group of wounded and sick people, women and children in the team have no physical strength to March any more. The leaders of the army reached an agreement with the local chieftain, leaving them to be protected by local villagers. Su Yiran is a child, too. Many red kids of his age have stayed behind, but he is determined to go with the big army!

　　The team came to Shaanxi and prepared to cross the Weihe River. The Weihe River is turbid and fast-flowing, roaring along the canyon. Su Yiran and his comrades waded across the Weihe River. When we reached the deep water area in the middle of the river, a torrent suddenly struck, and Su Yiran could not stand and was washed away. The old soldier Du Changtian was loaded and grabbed him, saving his life. Su Yiran said: "He (Du Changtian) is a lifesaver that I will never forget."

　　The baptism of war and fire, the test of life and death, and the joy of parting and gathering in the Long March, Su Yiran always resolutely followed the Red Army!

　　Win by wits.

　　Many young soldiers of the Red Army now have the same feeling when they recall the Long March: "When comrades are with you, marching is not bitter. If we want to go to Wan Li, we will go to Wan Li. If we want to go to Wan Li, we will go to Wan Li. " They are always cheerful and optimistic. No matter how tired they are marching, they are still diligent, smart and study hard. Su Yiran "followed" and learned the skills of following.

　　"When climbing the snow-capped mountains, if you see the Red Army soldiers sitting there frozen, you can’t pull them with your hands. Why? He won’t relax if he grabs your hand. " Su Yiran used a stick. A frozen person is like a drowning person. If you pull with your hands, you can’t save anyone by yourself, even the person who saved them will have to get in. On snow-capped mountains and other high mountains, the most feared thing is to sit down and rest. If you sit down, you may never stand up again. Therefore, we often see such a scene on the mountain: Red Army soldiers are leaning on a wooden stick, or helping each other, panting and standing for a rest.

　　"On the grass, if your feet are stuck in the swamp, don’t rush to pull your feet out. If you are eager to pull your feet out, your feet will be under too much pressure and you can only get deeper and deeper." Su Yiran walked out of the grass safely, but many comrades stayed there forever. The Party History Research Office of Aba Autonomous Prefecture once provided a piece of information: during the three main forces of the Red Army crossing the snowy mountains and grasslands several times in two years, the number of non-combat staff members was more than 10,000.

　　Because of the frequent fighting and the shortage of horses, the Red Army once had to exchange guns for horses. Su Yiran once undertook this task. In Ganzi, the Red Army saw many Tibetans raising horses, and suggested to the army headquarters to exchange guns for Tibetan horses. This suggestion was affirmed by the headquarters.

　　Su Yiran takes a gun to the stockade where Tibetans live every day to change horses. These horses carried the sick and wounded or supplies, which helped the Red Army a lot. Many infirm little soldiers have enjoyed a "special" treatment: grasping the horse’s tail and moving forward with the help of the power of the horse. "It’s much easier to climb the slope and walk."

　　Because of changing horses, Su Yiran forged a deep affection with local Tibetans. Some Tibetans even want to leave him as a door-to-door son-in-law, and let him choose three girls at home. Of course, "the revolution has not yet succeeded", how can he refuse! Before crossing the grassland three times, Su Yiran received a precious gift from Tibetan villagers: a bag of highland barley butter fried noodles. "That’s a life-saving thing!" Su Yiran walked out of the grass by it, and used it to help his starving comrades.

　　Do not forget your initiative mind welcomes the "New Long March"　

　　After years of military service, it ushered in peace and stability. Su Yiran accepted the new mission entrusted by the Party and the state.

　　After the founding of New China, Su Yiran moved to Hebei, Anhui, and Shandong, and held leadership positions, working diligently in every post. In October 1960, he was transferred to work in Shandong. In 1977, Su Yiran served as secretary of Shandong Provincial Party Committee, and worked hard for Shandong’s socialist construction and reform and opening up for more than 30 years.

　　"All counties and cities keep a strong high school and junior high school, and the rest are changed to vocational middle schools." Under his leadership and advocacy, Shandong became one of the earliest regions in China to promote the development of vocational education. "I don’t care what I do in the country. I am responsible for what I can manage in Shandong. I am also responsible for mistakes."

　　The reform of joint-stock cooperative system in Zhoucun, Zibo is the first in China. Su Yiran paid attention to and promoted the joint-stock cooperative system economy from the beginning to the end of his leadership post. "Other comrades have made great efforts to promote the Zhoucun joint-stock cooperative system. Don’t put all your achievements on me alone." Su Yiran took no credit.

　　Since 1977, Su Yiran has suffered from gastric cancer, bladder cancer and cholecystitis, and has undergone three major operations respectively. Postoperative chemotherapy vomited badly. Su Yiran’s wife said: "At that time, chemotherapy was very uncomfortable. When I ate it, I vomited. When I vomited, I ate it again. He said, I want to see if I can beat it (disease)."

　　During chemotherapy, Su Yiran used the method of practicing Chinese calligraphy every day to disperse and overcome the great pain of the body. Su Yiran said that chemotherapy can’t compare with the snowy mountains and grasslands during the Long March. It was with the spirit of the Red Army that he miraculously defeated the disease. After three years’ sick leave, Su Yiran returned to work and continued to work for the cause of the Party and the people of Shandong.

　　After the ancestors started their business, Kun Xinghua

　　Su Yiran said: "The spirit of hard struggle in the Long March is a valuable asset of our party and should be vigorously promoted."

　　At the age of 98, he is still thinking about the construction of Shandong: "Today, the people of the whole province are working for the construction ‘ Big and strong, rich and beautiful ’ To work hard for a new socialist Shandong, we must encourage the people of the province with the spirit of the Long March. "

　　Through the wind and snow, there is the tenacity of the wind and snow; Walking through the grass, you will have the depth of the grass; Over the mountain, there is the ambition of the mountain; If you wade across the river, you will have the grandeur of the river. After a long March of 25,000 Li, the Communist Party of China (CPC) and his people’s army were invincible from then on, from victory to victory.

　　"The ancestors started their business in history, and later Kun Xinghua followed the Long March." The Long March is always on the road, taking over the baton of Su Yiran, and our generation should take the new Long March of our generation.

　　(Text/Liu Wei)

Beijing Zhengban Fa [2014] No.65　

The people’s governments of the districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the municipal institutions:

　　"Implementation Opinions on Establishing Beijing Disease Emergency Relief System (Trial)" has been approved by the municipal government and is hereby issued to you, please conscientiously implement it in light of the actual situation.

General Office of Beijing Municipal People’s Government　 　 　

　December 31, 2014　

　　

　　Opinions on the establishment of Beijing disease emergency rescue system (for Trial Implementation)

　　In order to implement the spirit of the Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Establishing the Emergency Relief System for Diseases (No.15 [2013] of the State Council), further improve the multi-level medical security system in this Municipality, and effectively solve the medical emergency security problems of a very small number of patients who are unidentified and unable to pay medical expenses, this implementation opinion is formulated in combination with the actual situation.

　　I. General requirements

　　(1) Work objectives. Through government financial investment and social donations, the municipal disease emergency rescue fund is raised to help patients who have acute and serious injuries and need first aid but whose identities are unclear or unable to pay the corresponding expenses, and to subsidize the medical expenses incurred in receiving emergency treatment, so as to encourage medical institutions to treat patients with acute and serious injuries in a timely and effective manner, effectively solve the practical difficulties of the people and promote social harmony and stability.

　　(2) Working principles. The disease emergency assistance system is a medical assistance guarantee policy established in this city for the disadvantaged groups, and it is an important supplement to the existing medical security system. It is necessary to adhere to the close connection between the disease emergency rescue system and other medical security systems, adhere to the combination of government-led and encouraging social charitable medical care and the use of third-party professional services, adhere to the combination of government financial input and encouraging social donations, and adhere to the combination of medical institutions undertaking emergency treatment obligations and giving financial subsidies according to law.

　　(3) Job requirements. All kinds of medical institutions at all levels in this Municipality should actively undertake the obligation of emergency treatment, and unconditionally treat patients with acute and critical injuries and those in need of emergency treatment in accordance with the Notice of the General Office of the National Health and Family Planning Commission on Printing and Distributing the Standards for Acute and Critical Injuries and Diagnostic and Therapeutic Norms (No.32 [2013] of the National Health Office), and shall not refuse, shirk or delay for any reason. Emergency treatment should adhere to the principle of timely, effective and reasonable, and treat diseases, check reasonably, use drugs rationally and treat reasonably; For patients who need to be referred in the process of treatment, they should be referred in time according to their condition and in accordance with the principle of proximity and rationality to ensure life safety.

　　II. Establishment, raising and management of disease emergency relief fund

　　(1) Establishment of the fund. The establishment of the Municipal Disease Emergency Relief Fund is mainly responsible for raising funds and paying emergency relief funds to medical institutions.

　　(2) Fund raising. City disease emergency rescue fund through financial investment and social donations and other channels to raise. The Municipal Finance Bureau shall incorporate the subsidy funds of the disease emergency relief fund into the fiscal budget, and incorporate the central special subsidy funds into the overall arrangement of the disease emergency relief fund. Encourage all sectors of society to donate to the disease emergency relief fund.

　　(3) Fund management. The Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission shall, jointly with the Municipal Finance Bureau, formulate measures for the supervision and management of fund handling management institutions, and select qualified charitable foundations, public welfare social organizations or institutions as fund handling management institutions in an open, fair and just manner, which will manage the funds in accordance with the principles of openness, transparency, professionalism and standardization.

　　Three, the application, examination and payment of disease emergency relief fund

　　(1) Fund application. After medical institutions implement emergency treatment for patients, patients are unable to pay for emergency treatment, but there is a clear responsible person or it can be solved through work-related injury insurance, urban basic medical insurance, new rural cooperative medical fund, medical assistance fund, social assistance fund for road traffic accidents, assistance fund for vagrants and beggars and other payment channels. Patients or medical institutions should first apply to the relevant responsible person or other payment channels. Without the above channels or after payment through the above channels, there is still a gap in expenses, and medical institutions may regularly apply for financial subsidies from the Municipal Disease Emergency Relief Fund according to regulations. When applying, the medical institution shall review and summarize the unrecoverable emergency treatment expenses and related materials, and submit the patient’s identity, treatment summary and diagnosis certificate, list of emergency treatment expenses, declaration and payment of other payment channels and other related certification materials.

　　(2) fund review. The municipal disease emergency relief fund management agency is responsible for accepting the application for emergency relief funds submitted by medical institutions, and reviewing the emergency treatment behavior and related expenses of medical institutions; With the assistance of the municipal human resources and social security, health and family planning, civil affairs, public security and other departments, carefully check whether patients have the ability to pay or have other payment channels, and whether other channels have paid the fees according to regulations and other relevant certification materials. Fund management agencies should establish and improve the system and mechanism, improve the rules and regulations, and hire experienced professionals to conduct key audits on medical behaviors and expenses.

　　(3) Fund payment. After the examination and approval of the fund management institution, it shall allocate subsidy funds to the medical institution applying for it within one month; The cumulative time from accepting the application to paying the subsidy or confirming that the subsidy will not be granted shall not exceed three months. For medical institutions with heavy emergency rescue tasks and great pressure on fund advance, the fund handling management institution can refer to the actual expenses incurred in the previous year, and allocate working capital to medical institutions in the form of pre-allocation at the beginning of the year, regular settlement and overpayment and underpayment. The disease emergency rescue fund shall not be used to pay the emergency treatment expenses of patients with verified identity and proven affordability.

　　Four, the supervision and management of disease emergency relief fund

　 　 　 　The Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau organized the establishment of the Disease Emergency Relief Fund Supervision and Management Committee, which was attended by representatives of relevant departments, deputies to the National People’s Congress, members of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, representatives of donors, representatives of news media and people from all walks of life, such as medical, financial and legal experts, to supervise the management and use of the fund, financial budget and final accounts and other major issues; Entrust a third-party professional organization to conduct an annual audit of the collection, management, use and balance of the disease emergency relief fund, and announce the audit results to the public and accept public supervision.

　　If the fund handling management institution fails to accept and review the application for funding subsidy in accordance with the regulations, or fails to timely allocate the subsidy funds in accordance with the regulations for no reason, the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission shall, jointly with the Municipal Finance Bureau, give informed criticism, make rectification within a time limit until the fund handling management institution is replaced.

　　For medical institutions that cheat or cheat emergency relief funds, in addition to recovering subsidy funds from them, the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission will severely deal with medical institutions and their directly responsible persons in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. For patients who cheat or cheat emergency relief funds, medical institutions and fund management agencies should promptly recover arrears from them and return the recovered funds to the disease emergency relief fund.

　　V. Organizational guarantee

　　In accordance with the principle of government organization and leadership, coordination and cooperation between departments, establish a joint meeting system of municipal disease emergency rescue, be responsible for studying and formulating relevant supporting policies and measures, and make overall plans to promote disease emergency rescue work. Members of the joint meeting include the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, the Municipal Finance Bureau, the Civil Affairs Bureau, the Municipal Public Security Bureau, the Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, the Municipal State Taxation Bureau, the Municipal Local Taxation Bureau and other departments, and the office is located in the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission. All members of the joint meeting should strengthen coordination and cooperation in accordance with the division of responsibilities, form a joint effort, and ensure that the disease emergency rescue system is implemented. Attachment: Establishing the Division of Responsibilities of Beijing Disease Emergency Relief System Attachment: Establishing the Division of Responsibilities of Beijing Disease Emergency Relief System

　　Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission: responsible for taking the lead in formulating the subsidy standards for emergency disease relief, the norms and procedures for confirming the identity and payment ability of emergency disease relief objects, and the supervision and management measures for the management institutions of emergency disease relief funds. Assist the Municipal Finance Bureau to formulate measures for the supervision and management of the municipal disease emergency relief fund. In conjunction with the Municipal Finance Bureau, select and determine the fund handling management institutions, and supervise and guide them to carry out their business. Assist the fund management agency to review and confirm the identity or payment ability of relevant patients. Supervise medical institutions to perform emergency treatment obligations according to laws and regulations, and investigate and deal with illegal acts such as medical institutions and their staff defrauding and taking subsidies.

　　Municipal Finance Bureau: responsible for taking the lead in formulating the measures for the supervision and management of municipal disease emergency relief funds, and determining the fund raising scale, subsidy methods and standards. To assist the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission in formulating the subsidy standards for disease emergency relief and the measures for the supervision and administration of the management institutions of disease emergency relief funds. Assist the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission in selecting and determining the fund handling management institution, and supervise and guide its business. Responsible for the government investment in the city’s disease emergency relief fund, arrange the operating expenses of the fund management agency according to the way the government purchases services, and guide and supervise the use and management of the fund.

　　Civil Affairs Bureau: responsible for assisting the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission in formulating the norms and procedures for confirming the identity and payment ability of the emergency aid recipients. Assist medical institutions and fund management agencies to review and confirm the identity and payment ability of relevant patients. Guide the district and county civil affairs departments to do a good job in allocating medical assistance funds for social assistance objects and assistance funds for vagrants and beggars within their respective jurisdictions.

　　Municipal Public Security Bureau: responsible for assisting the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission in formulating the norms and procedures for confirming the identity and payment ability of emergency relief objects. Assist medical institutions and fund management agencies to review and confirm the identity and payment ability of relevant patients. Supervise and coordinate the allocation of social assistance funds for road traffic accidents.

　　Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security: responsible for assisting the Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission in formulating the norms and procedures for confirming the identity and payment ability of emergency relief objects. Assist medical institutions and fund management agencies to review and confirm the identity and payment ability of relevant patients. Supervise the social insurance management institutions to pay the emergency treatment expenses of insured patients.

　　Municipal State Taxation Bureau and Municipal Local Taxation Bureau: responsible for implementing the preferential tax policies for disease emergency relief funds to accept social donations in accordance with relevant state regulations.

　　District and county governments: organize district and county health and family planning departments to assist medical institutions and fund management agencies to verify whether the rescued object belongs to the new rural cooperative medical system and pay the emergency treatment expenses payable by the new rural cooperative medical system according to regulations; Strengthen the daily supervision of medical institutions to fulfill their obligations of emergency treatment.

　　Medical institutions: All kinds of medical institutions at all levels in this city should establish and improve the organization and leadership mechanism, designate relevant departments to be responsible for the daily management of disease emergency rescue, undertake emergency rescue obligations in accordance with relevant state regulations, and organize emergency rescue work. Public medical institutions should improve the internal control mechanism, and write off part of the first-aid arrears incurred by the aid recipients by charging bad debt reserves. Encourage non-public medical institutions to take the initiative to write off the first-aid expenses of emergency relief objects.

　　Fund handling and management institution: responsible for accepting and reviewing the application for financial subsidies and related certification materials submitted by medical institutions, and checking the basic information such as the identity, payment ability and other payment channels of arrears patients with the assistance of relevant departments; Timely disbursement of subsidy funds to medical institutions according to regulations; Pre-allocate working capital to medical institutions that often undertake first aid work; Recover emergency treatment expenses from patients who have the ability to pay or other payment channels; To recover the emergency relief funds that have been defrauded or taken from the medical institutions with outstanding problems; Do a good job in raising social donation funds and other management work.

　

　　(Graphic irrelevant) Figure/Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter Chen Youzi

　　Joint pain is high in winter, especially shoulder pain. Many people think that it may be caused by cold or cervical fatigue. Just put on more clothes and have a rest.

　　Liu Yongxin, deputy chief physician of the Second Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second People’s Hospital, reminded that there is a kind of "shoulder pain" that may be caused by heart disease. It is necessary to seek medical treatment in time so as not to miss the best treatment opportunity.

　　Guangzhou Daily All-Media Reporter He Xuehua Correspondent Wang Meng

　　Is shoulder pain really tiring?

　　When encountering shoulder pain, many people usually feel "just tired", especially those who often sit in front of the computer and work at their desks for a long time. Shoulder pain is normal. Usually get up and exercise, or do a simple massage to relieve it quickly.

　　For Guo Qiang (a pseudonym), an office worker in Guangzhou, this "shoulder pain" has become a big trouble.

　　The 43-year-old Guo Qiang is in middle age, and he is the pillar of the family. He is usually in good health, but he suddenly appeared flustered the other day and then fainted. The frightened family quickly dialed 120 and sent him to the hospital. After the medical staff struggled to rescue him, Guo Qiang finally turned the corner. The attending doctor said that Guo Qiang had an acute myocardial infarction this time. Fortunately, he was rescued in time, otherwise he would probably die.

　　When asking about the family members, the doctor found a detail: as early as a week ago, Guo Qiang told his family that his left shoulder hurt. The family thought it was caused by fatigue, so they didn’t care. Liu Yongxin, deputy director of the Second Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Second People’s Hospital, told his family that sometimes shoulder pain is an atypical symptom before myocardial infarction, not just muscle pain that everyone thinks.

　　Before female myocardial infarction

　　There are many atypical symptoms

　　"Before the onset of acute myocardial infarction in coronary heart disease, angina pectoris is often used as a precursor symptom. Failure to find it in time will delay treatment." According to Liu Yongxin, the symptoms of angina vary from person to person. Most of them are chest tightness and chest pain. Atypical symptoms can be manifested as abdominal pain, shoulder and arm pain, neck and pharynx pain, and even toothache.

　　"Angina pectoris is the pain caused by chemical products stimulating visceral nerves. Because the positioning is unclear, the pain parts are often diversified." Liu Yongxin pointed out that women have more atypical symptoms.

　　When angina pectoris is suspected, ECG is the simplest and most convenient identification method. Through the nature, inducement, relieving factors and accompanying symptoms of pain, it can also be roughly judged whether it is shoulder musculoskeletal pain or angina pectoris.

　　Generally speaking, angina pectoris can be relieved by quiet rest at the time of intense activity or emotional excitement, which usually lasts for several minutes to ten minutes. If the pain lasts for more than half an hour, you must see a doctor in time. However, the pain of skeletal muscles is related to a large number of local activities or local cold, and the pain is clearly located and lasts for a long time.

　　Liu Yongxin pointed out that the cold weather in winter is the high incidence season of cardiovascular diseases. People with basic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity should pay special attention, and people who smoke, drink and are nervous should also attach great importance to it. People with family history and middle-aged and elderly patients should have regular physical examinations. Pay special attention to the abnormal symptoms that suddenly appear on the body, especially the atypical symptoms mentioned above, and don’t be careless.

　　Attention!

　　These may be

　　"distress signal" of the heart

　　The following may be signs of heart disease:

　　1. indigestion.

　　Different from ordinary stomach diseases, stomach pains caused by heart disease rarely cause colic and sharp pain, and tenderness is not common, but there is a feeling of oppression and fullness, sometimes accompanied by dull pain, burning sensation and nausea and vomiting. There may be some relief after defecation, but the uncomfortable feeling will not disappear completely.

　　2. Shortness of breath.

　　Shortness of breath means feeling "insufficient breath". After sitting still for a few minutes, breathing seems to return to normal, but when the patient walks again, breathing begins again. This wheezing symptom of heart disease is often ignored by women and elderly patients with lung disease.

　　3. Extremely tired.

　　After a brisk walk, there will be signs of extreme fatigue, so tired that I don’t even have the strength to straighten up. Fatigue is not confined to a certain part of the body, but is systemic. If you feel more tired than ever, you should go to the hospital for examination immediately.

　　4. shoulder pain.

　　Different from ordinary shoulder pain, this kind of pain is generally dull, not sharp, and often radiates to the front and inside of the arm until the little finger. Most of them are fatigue, and the pain is relieved after rest. Of course, this symptom of heart disease needs to be differentiated from cervical spondylosis.

　　In particular, these may also be "distress signals" of the heart:

　　1. The lower lip and ring finger on one side are numb, paroxysmal and sometimes accompanied by sweating;

　　2. Toothache, excluding the problems of the teeth themselves, is best to have a look at the cardiology department;

　　3. Headache, especially accompanied by symptoms of chest tightness, intensifies during activities, and it is better to stop and rest;

　　4. Abdominal pain, which feels like "spicy" pain like eating a lot of peppers, sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting;

　　5. Back pain, from front chest pain to back, is radial pain, especially when accompanied by sweating.

　　The theme of World Meteorological Day in 2022 is "Early warning, early action: meteorological, hydrological and climatic information to help prevent and reduce disasters".

　　When disasters come, being prepared and taking action at the right time and place can effectively prevent and mitigate disasters and protect people’s lives and property. Meteorological disaster warning information is the most important warning light before meteorological disasters come, and it is an essential message tree for disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　What are the meteorological disaster warnings? What do different colors represent? Where do we get the early warning information? Today, I will take you to explore the early warning of meteorological disasters and the stories behind it.

　　14 categories and 4 levels

　　At present, the Central Meteorological Observatory has issued 14 kinds of meteorological disaster warnings under the authorization of China Meteorological Bureau.

　　According to the possible harm and urgency of meteorological disasters, the meteorological disaster warning is set to four levels: blue, yellow, orange and red, which respectively represent ordinary, heavy, serious and particularly serious. Some warnings have only one, two or three levels.

　

　　With the gradual improvement of meteorological disaster risk prevention system, the ability of meteorological disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning has been significantly improved. In the past five years, the National Early Warning Information Publishing Center has published an average of 195,000 meteorological warning messages every year, with rainstorm, fog and high temperature being the most published meteorological disaster warnings in these five years.　　

　　Where does meteorological warning come from?

　　Step 1: Observe-See the atmosphere clearly.　　

　　Step 2: Forecast-man-machine "diagnosis"　　

　　At this point, a meteorological disaster warning information was born.

　　Who will receive the meteorological disaster warning information at the first time? How fast is it released?　　

　　How does the public get early warning information?

　　Convenient, efficient and wide-coverage information acquisition channels are one of the prerequisites for "early action". The data shows that SMS, radio, TV, Internet or smart terminals are all convenient channels for the public to obtain early warning information. With the cooperation of multi-channel publishing means, the comprehensive public coverage rate of early warning reached 92.7%.　　

　　It is worth noting that China has a vast territory and abundant resources, and the climate is complex and diverse. There are typhoons along the coast and sandstorms in the northwest. The same 50 mm rainfall in summer brings coolness to the coastal areas, but it may bring disasters to the northwest. Therefore, local meteorological departments follow the principle of "localization", issue local early warning signals according to the classification of meteorological early warning and the characteristics of local meteorological disasters. In other words, the early warning signals of meteorological disasters in different places are not completely unified, so we must focus on the early warning information issued by the local meteorological observatory.

　　What action should we take when we receive the warning signal of meteorological disaster? Different situations have different answers.

　　Meteorological disaster early warning can be roughly divided into two situations. The blue and yellow warning signals are "early warning", indicating that although it is still relatively calm, the danger may be in front of us; Orange and red warning signal are generally warnings when bad weather is "in progress"-bad weather has happened and may be further upgraded.　　

　　Past lives of Meteorological Warning

　　The development of meteorological disaster early warning also reflects the transformation of China’s characteristic meteorological disaster prevention, mitigation and relief system.

　　In 1954, the State Council of the Central People’s Government issued the "Instructions on Strengthening the Forecast, Early Warning and Prevention of Severe Weather", and the meteorological disaster warning first appeared in the public eye. At that time, the forecasting and early warning mainly relied on experience, and the means of communication were limited, and the popularity was not high.

　　At the end of the 20th century, with the progress of atmospheric science, the upgrading of observation methods and the continuous improvement of meteorological science and technology such as monitoring and forecasting, the accuracy of forecasting is getting higher and higher, and early warning is also playing an increasingly significant role.

　　In April, 2007, China Meteorological Bureau formulated and issued "Measures for Issuing Meteorological Disaster Warning of Central Meteorological Observatory (Trial)", which is applicable to eight types of meteorological disaster warning, divided into orange warning and red warning.

　　In April 2010, the number of meteorological disaster early warning increased to 13 categories. Each type of meteorological disaster warning has at most four levels, which are expressed in four colors: blue, yellow, orange and red.

　　In August 2013, a new method for issuing strong convective warning was added. So far, meteorological disaster warning has increased by 14 categories.

　　In 2015, the National Early Warning Information Release Center was established, and the meteorological disaster warning was issued authoritatively from here.

　　In December 2018, a new method for issuing sea fog warning was added to the fog meteorological disaster warning.

　　Deep integration and optimization of services needed by people’s livelihood

　　The national early warning information publishing platform not only publishes 14 kinds of meteorological disaster warnings, but also publishes meteorological disaster forecasting and early warning information jointly carried out by China Meteorological Bureau and relevant departments, so as to fully protect public safety actions.　　

　　In recent years, meteorological departments at all levels have actively integrated into and served the construction of a modern economic system, optimized meteorological disaster early warning services needed by people’s livelihood, and cooperated with high-impact industries and departments in depth, so that the "meteorological early warning+"service is closer to the needs of the people.　　

　　Endeavor, new journey, new era of meritorious service

　　The Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Meteorological Development proposes to strengthen all-weather and high-precision comprehensive stereoscopic monitoring of meteorological disasters, improve the accuracy of meteorological disaster prediction and early warning, and extend the forecast period of meteorological disasters.　　

　　In the future, the early warning of meteorological disasters will focus on improving the accuracy, advance and refinement of early warning of heavy rain and local sudden strong convection.

　　Pay attention to early warning and predict risks.

　　Rain or shine, we are always by your side.

China Meteorological Bureau Meteorological Propaganda and Popular Science Center (China Meteorological News Agency) National Early Warning Information Publishing Center jointly produced.　　

Expert Consultant: Chen Jin, Deputy Chief of Public Meteorological Service Center.

　　Planning: Yan Hong Yan Xin

　　Cartography: National Early Warning Information Release Center

　　(Editor: Yan Hong)