南京桑拿夜生活网论坛|南京龙凤品茶网论坛|南京梧桐网

　　Expert Consultant: Liu Lu, Senior Engineer of Meteorological Service Office of Central Meteorological Observatory.

　　August 23 is the last day of the last day, and the dog days of 40 days are coming to an end. As the saying goes, "the heat is in the dog days", which is often the hottest period in a year. After the dog days, the summer heat is weakening. Although some parts of southern China are still in hot weather, most areas are about to withdraw from the "high temperature circle".

　　Is the high temperature abnormal this summer?

　　High temperature is a common weather phenomenon in summer. It can be defined as high temperature weather when the highest temperature on that day exceeds 35℃, and high temperature for several days in a row constitutes a high temperature heat wave.

　　It can be seen from the occurrence time of the highest temperature in various places since June this year that the high temperature weather in China has obvious characteristics of regional changes in stages. The main position of high temperature in June is located in North China, Huanghuai and other places. Under the control of warm and high pressure in the mainland, the weather in this area is sunny and sunny in partly cloudy, with strong solar radiation and strong near-surface heating, which is easy to form continuous high temperature weather; In July, with the extension of subtropical high to the west, the plum rain in the south ended, the rain belt moved northward, the rainfall in the north gradually increased, and the high temperature eased. At the same time, the subtropical high stayed in the south for a long time, and the high temperatures in Jiangnan, northern South China, eastern Jianghan and Jianghuai developed and continued.

　　Since July 3rd, large-scale high-temperature weather has occurred in Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan, South China, Sichuan and Chongqing. The high-temperature duration in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, southern Jiangsu and Anhui is long, and the number of high-temperature days in some areas has reached more than 30 days, and in some areas of Zhejiang and northeastern Jiangxi, it has exceeded 40 days. Among them, the high temperature in Zhejiang is extremely extreme, and 10 national observation stations have exceeded the historical extreme value of the highest temperature. The highest temperature in more than 60% of the stations has reached above 40 C, and the highest temperatures in Yiwu, Lishui and Jiande have reached 42.8 C. Hangzhou ranks first among municipalities and provincial capitals in terms of high temperature days and continuous high temperature days. The temperature of 41.9℃ on August 3rd became the highest among municipalities and provincial capitals this year.

　　The weather is getting hotter and hotter, which is also reflected in the early and more high-temperature warnings.

　　According to the "Measures for the Issuance of Meteorological Disaster Early Warning of the Central Meteorological Observatory", the high temperature early warning is divided into three levels, from weak to strong, namely yellow early warning, orange early warning and red early warning. So far this year, the Central Meteorological Observatory has issued 61 yellow warnings and 34 orange warnings for high temperature weather. From June 9 to 15, the first regional high-temperature weather process occurred in China this year, four days earlier than normal. The first high-temperature orange warning was released on June 10, 12 days earlier than the first high-temperature orange warning in 2023.

　　With the climate warming, in recent years, the national average temperature has hit record highs. According to the statistics of the Central Meteorological Observatory, the national average temperature from June 1 to August 22 this year was 22.2℃, which was significantly higher than the normal period (21.3℃), ranking second only to 2022 (22.4℃) since 1961.

　　What needs special reminder is that at present, the high temperature in some areas such as Chongqing and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River continues. Up to now, Chongqing is still in the highest level of high temperature red warning. According to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, from August 24th to 27th, the hot weather will continue in Sichuan, Chongqing, southwestern Shaanxi, Guanzhong, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places, with a daily maximum temperature of 35.℃To 37℃, Sichuan, Chongqing and other local areas can reach 40℃To 42℃; After 28th, the high temperature weather in the above areas has eased, but the high temperature in Sichuan and Chongqing will last until the beginning of September. Please ask the public in the above areas to take measures to prevent heatstroke and reduce outdoor activities during high temperature periods as much as possible; High temperature weather will lead to an increase in electricity consumption. Please pay attention to the safety of electricity consumption and turn off the power supply of all kinds of electrical equipment before going out to prevent fire accidents caused by short circuit or fever of electrical appliances.

　　High temperature sweeps across the northern hemisphere

　　High temperature weather not only appears in China, but also affects most parts of the northern hemisphere, and it also comes earlier and stronger. At present, hot weather is sweeping across many European countries, with the highest temperature in Italy, Germany, Serbia and other countries exceeding 40℃.

　　In March this year, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the Report on Global Climate in 2023. According to the report, 2023 became the hottest year since meteorological records began, and the average temperature near the surface was 1.45℃ higher than the pre-industrial level. The concentrations of three main greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, are still rising. The concentration of carbon dioxide is 50% higher than that before industrialization, and the world is in an unprecedented warming process.

　　Under the climate background of global warming, the average temperature rises, high temperature weather tends to be frequent, and extreme high temperature events increase or become the new normal. The meteorological department will strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of high-temperature weather, formulate emergency plans to deal with extreme weather, release early warning information in time, remind the public to take precautions, strengthen the publicity of popular science, make the public better understand the impact of climate change on life, take the initiative to take self-protection measures, and enhance the adaptability of the whole society to climate change.

　　(Author: Su Jessie Editor: Yan Hong)

1905 movie network news　On the tenth day of its release, the box office exceeded 4 billion, setting a new record in China’s film history. On the evening of February 22nd, the film held a "chat session" in Beijing. The director and the leading actor attended the event, responding to a series of concerns and questions since the release of "Tang Exploration 3", and also sharing the creative experience of this work and the following "Tang Exploration of the Universe".

　

Response to the first bullet: The murderer of "Tang Detective 3" is too easy to guess? Will become a sequel villain

　

Following the detective chinatown series through three works, many fans who are keen on reasoning say that the case in Tang Detective 3 is a little simple, and even you can guess who the murderer is at the beginning. In this regard, Chen Sicheng said that he did not focus on the case itself in this work, but expanded his vision to the anti-war theme behind it: "The first one pays more attention to the trajectory of the case, so there will be unexpected things in the process of solving the case, but this style has been continued, and the audience may not be satisfied."

　

Chen Sicheng revealed that the theme of war orphans involved in Tang Tan 3 was inspired by his first love. This girl is a mixed-race Chinese and Japanese, and she has experienced a very difficult life after returning to Japan. From this, she understands the living status of this group. She hopes that the film can express a higher theme and convey the hard-won concept of peace to everyone, which is why the film chose MJ’s song "Heal the World".

　

As for Q, which was finally announced, although everyone had different opinions on this organization, Andy Lau’s joining gave us enough surprises. Wang Baoqiang revealed that Andy Lau plays the boss of "Q". When designing this new character, Chen Sicheng hopes to have a sense of surprise of "Wow, it’s him" at the moment of seeing it, so Andy Lau has become the only choice. After the communication, Andy Lau told Chen Sicheng that he was looking forward to playing a similar villain, so in the next "Tang Detective 4", the director also designed an "interesting" villain for him.

　

In response to the second bomb: "Tang Detective 4" plans to go to London online drama to continue to expand the detective universe.

　

When it comes to Tang Detective 4, we have to talk about the foreshadowing of this film. Many viewers have noticed the Thames and Big Ben in the eggs, which also implies that the next story will take place in London, England. Chen Sicheng confirmed this statement, but he also bluntly said that based on the current situation, "you can’t shoot anywhere you want".

　

Detective League is in its infancy, and Chen Sicheng, who is keen on the concept of "Marvel Universe", is sure that he will continue to build his own Tang Tanyu Zhou through different forms. At the end of 2019, the online drama of the first season of detective chinatown has been launched, and the characters and other detectives in the future Q organization may appear one after another in the future.

　

Chen Sicheng admits that the series of "Tang Detective" is "more and more difficult to shoot", and the audience’s expectations for the series of films are gradually increasing, and they will also struggle whether the films are more genre-oriented or commercial. At present, he is also considering making some more genre films, but the investment will be correspondingly less than the more mature detective chinatown series.

　

Responding to the third bomb: accepting criticism and controversy and calling for protecting China films from trampling on each other.

　

After the release of Detective Chinatown 3, the box office went up all the way, but it also received many questions, including the design of Tang Ren, some comedy problems in the film and so on. Chen Sicheng said that he accepts criticism and will learn and improve with an open mind, hoping that his future works will get better and better.

　

At the end of the talk, Chen Sicheng also voiced his appeal to the audience to give more tolerance and praise to all China films. Although the box office of Chinese movies has reached more than 60 billion in 2019, this industry is not as profitable as the outside world imagined. "Now it is not that our film industry is too strong, on the contrary, it is still very weak. I sincerely hope that the audience will give more praise and help to China movies, instead of some people trampling on each other in this (small industry). If so, China movies will become more and more difficult. "

　

Chen Sicheng hopes that China films can truly rival Hollywood and become the pillar of economy and the carrier of culture. "We have been thinking about how to help China films become bigger and stronger. No matter what we are doing now, our wish is good. I hope that the audience can help and encourage China movies because it is too weak. "

　　On May 15th, Ukrainian President Zelensky hinted that Kiev may soon receive F-16 fighter jets. On 16th, the British government announced that its Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte had agreed to establish an "international alliance" to help purchase F-16 fighter jets for Ukraine.

　　F-16 fighter.

　　According to the Guardian reported on May 16th, a Downing Street spokesman issued a statement that day, Sunak and Rutte "will strive to establish an international alliance to provide Ukraine with air combat capability and everything from training to purchasing F-16 jets." The statement said that leaders of all countries agreed that it is of great significance for allies to provide long-term security assistance to Ukraine to ensure that they can contain future attacks.

　　On 15th, Zelensky and Sunak had a one-on-one meeting in Chequers. After the meeting, Zelensky said that they discussed fighter planes and were positive in persuading the United States and other western countries to provide Ukrainian aircraft. He said: "I think you will hear some very important decisions in the near future, but we must do more work for it." According to reports, at the meeting, Britain also promised to provide "hundreds of attack drones."

　　In February this year, Britain said that it would start training Ukrainian pilots with standard NATO technology. On May 15th, Britain reiterated this point, saying that the plan was to help "build a new Ukrainian air force with NATO-standard F-16 fighters".

　　F-16 fighter jets are manufactured by Lockheed Martin, a US defense company. At present, about 3,000 F-16s are in service in 25 countries or regions. On the evening of May 15th, when asked whether the United States changed its position on supplying jets to Ukraine, John Kirby, spokesman of the White House National Security Council, responded: "No."

　　When Huang Renxun, the founder of NVIDIA, shouted "The tipping point of generative AI is coming" in May this year, a competition around the global computing industry chain was also going on.

　　"China’s computing industry has begun to take shape, and the output of computing products such as servers, computers and smart phones ranks first in the world. Judging from the total scale of computing power, it ranks second in the world. " On August 19th, Jin Zhuanglong, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, said at the Computing Power (Infrastructure) Conference in China in 2023 that computing power has become the key productivity in the era of digital economy and an important cornerstone of the digital and intelligent transformation of the whole society, and it is necessary to speed up key technology research.

　　Enterprises in the industrial chain are also feeling the opportunities brought by this computing revolution. "Everyone is scrambling for the layout." A manager of Hyperfusion told reporters that the scale and speed of domestic (enterprise) investment and deployment are accelerating, whether it is intelligent computing or specific to large-scale model computing power.

　　AI computing power demand "jumps"

　　As an important productive force in the era of digital economy, the scale of China’s computing core industry has reached 1.8 trillion yuan in 2022.

　　According to the Evaluation Report of Global Computing Power Index in 2022-2023, every dollar spent on IT can boost the digital economy output of 15 dollars and GDP output of 29 dollars. In other words, the digital economy will grow by 3.6&permil for every 1 point increase in the country’s computing power index; , GDP will increase by 1.7‰ .

　　According to the latest data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on the 19th, up to now, the total rack size of data centers in use in China has exceeded 7.6 million standard racks, and the total computing power has reached 197 trillion floating-point operations (197EFLOPS), ranking second in the world. In addition, 130 trunk optical cables were built around the hub nodes of computing power, and the data transmission performance was greatly improved.

　　By the end of 2022, there were more than 6.5 million standard racks in use in China, with a total computing power of 180EFLOPS. In contrast, in the first eight months of this year, the two figures increased by 16% and 9.4% respectively. According to IDC data, influenced by AI, from 2022 to 2026, the compound annual growth rate of artificial intelligence computing power in China will reach 52.3%.

　　"The door to pattern reshaping has been opened, and the domestic computing industry is undergoing unprecedented major changes." Liu Hongyun, chairman and CEO of Superconfusion, used "jumping" to describe the current state of the industry. He believes that the big model is giving birth to more demand for AI computing power and entering the era of "intelligent computing".

　　"The parameters of large language models have grown from 100 million in 2018 to 100 billion in GPT-3 in 21 years, increasing by 1,000 times in five years. Correspondingly, the demand for computing power of these models has increased by 10 times every 18 months, which is 5 times that of Moore’s Law. In recent years, with the help of sparse computing MoE theory, a large language model with trillions or even trillions of parameters has emerged. " Liu Hongyun said at a partner summit that the rise of multimodal AI will bring more complex models and more huge computing power requirements. The large model is to AI as the earth is to all kinds of animals and plants, which greatly improves the speed and quality of AI development and application.

　　The industry where hyperconfusion is located is the "server" link in the computing power industry chain. At present, the company’s share in the industry has reached the top two, second only to Inspur.

　　For players in the computing power industry chain like hyper-fusion, trillions of parameter models are constantly emerging in the AI era, and the demand for diverse computing power is also growing.

　　According to the data provided by Tianyancha to reporters, by the first half of 2023, there were more than 20 financing events directly related to the "big model" and more than 40 patent applications related to the big model. In the era of big model represented by GPT, multi-modal AI technologies such as voice, picture and video have risen rapidly, shaping a wider data form.

　　As the AI model enters the industry, the computing power it brings will also be reflected in the fields of government affairs, industry, transportation, medical care and other industries. The reporter noted that since last year, Henan, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Shanghai, Ningxia and other places have successively introduced policies to support the development of computing power to promote the deep integration of technologies such as the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence with the real economy.

　　What are the key points? Where is the challenge?

　　However, while the computing power industry is developing rapidly, it is also facing risks and challenges, such as energy consumption and insufficient computing power.

　　According to statistics in the industry, it takes 14.8 days to train the GPT-3 model on 1000 NVIDIA V100 GPU. Under the condition that the PUE of the data center is 1.1, the total energy consumption will reach 1287MWh. Based on the per capita living electricity consumption level in China in 2021, the power consumption of a single large model training is equivalent to a person’s total living electricity consumption for four years.

　　In addition, there is still a gap between demand and supply in the computing market. According to the prediction of research institutions, the amount of newly generated data in the next three years will exceed the sum of the past 30 years. However, the total amount of data is increasing, and the proportion of data that is really effectively used is negligible. In key technologies, such as server chips, Intel (Intel), AMD and NVIDIA account for more than 85% of the domestic server chip market, and the supply of high-performance chips is insufficient.

　　"The change of computing power demand is also forcing us to go upstream, and the joint ecological partners will reshape the architecture around the server base." Zhang Xiaohua, President of Hyperfusion Global Marketing & Sales Service Department, told reporters that the most important thing in the computing industry is the consensus and promotion of eco-industrial chain partners.

　　"Ecology We have defined multiple dimensions, including sales, services, upstream suppliers, joint innovation lab, software service providers and industry standard organizations, and provided support for partner businesses in terms of systems, incentives, rights, support and services." Zhang Xiaohua told reporters that the "double-ecology" mode currently adopted internally. On the one hand, it cooperates with global suppliers of head parts and raw materials. On the other hand, the free combination of domestic hardware and software products is realized through its own operating system and virtualization technology.

　　In addition to deploying the software and hardware ecology, China manufacturers are also actively deploying the solution of computing power consumption, among which liquid cooling technology has become the direction of tackling key problems.

　　At present, Internet vendors including Ali and Tencent, server vendors such as Hyperfusion, Inspur Information and Dawning have successively invested in the construction of liquid cooling equipment. In order to solve the energy consumption problem, the three major operators plan to carry out large-scale application of liquid cooling by 2025, and more than 50% of data center projects will adopt liquid cooling technology.

　　"From the whole liquid cooling architecture to the realization of liquid cooling, and then to the most critical heat dissipation link involved in the liquid cooling transmission process, the technology has iterated to the fourth generation." Zhang Xiaohua told reporters that the rhythm of R&D is product generation, research generation and operation generation. At present, 10 XLab joint innovation lab have been established in conjunction with several industrial partners, covering key technologies at all levels, from materials to devices, from board-level components to equipment level, and from ecology to data centers.

　　"Technological breakthroughs are fundamental to the development of computing power, and it is necessary to closely track the global technological evolution and industrial development trends." Jin Zhuanglong said at the conference that it is necessary to strengthen systematic innovation and firmly grasp the leading role in development.

　　Previously, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology planned to issue policy documents to promote the high-quality development of computing infrastructure, further strengthen the top-level design, enhance the ability of independent innovation, and enhance the comprehensive supply of computing power.

　　At this conference, Jin Zhuanglong emphasized that China’s computing power industry has begun to take shape, and high computing power chips have accelerated iterative upgrading, and a number of key enterprises in the industry have grown sturdily. (Next) We will carry out the "strong computing power" and give full play to the traction role of "chain owners" enterprises. Focusing on key links such as computing, network and storage, we will gather scientific and technological strength, increase investment in research and development, break through a number of landmark technical products and programs as soon as possible, and accelerate new ones.

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client, August 12th (Seimi Zhang) According to the plan of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, by the end of this year, 46 key cities have basically completed garbage sorting and treatment systems, and other prefecture-level cities have achieved full coverage of domestic waste sorting by public institutions. There are only more than four months left in 2020. What is the progress of garbage sorting in various places?

　　During the year, 10 places have joined the ranks of garbage sorting.

　　In the data map, Xin Jingwei Seimi Zhang took a photo

　　According to incomplete statistics, 10 places including Beijing, Shanxi, Suzhou, Dezhou, Jiangmen, Neijiang, Urumqi, Wuhan, Nanning and Yueyang have joined the garbage classification during the year.

　　On July 31, the Standing Committee of Nanning Municipal People’s Congress held a press conference, announcing that the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste Classification in Nanning came into effect on August 1, and the classification of domestic waste in Nanning officially entered the "mandatory era". Domestic waste collection units do not collect domestic waste in accordance with the regulations, and the comprehensive administrative law enforcement department of urban management or the county environmental sanitation department shall order them to make corrections, and those who refuse to make corrections shall be fined between 5,000 yuan and 30,000 yuan; Units engaged in domestic waste transportation in violation of regulations also have corresponding penalties, up to 20,000 yuan.

　　In addition, on August 3rd, at the press conference of "Beijing Municipal Domestic Waste Management Regulations" for three months. Wen Tianwu, deputy director of the Beijing Urban Management Law Enforcement Bureau, said that since the implementation of the Regulations on May 1, as of July 31, Beijing has filed a total of 6,990 cases of illegal domestic waste classification and 3,323 cases of illegal personal waste classification.

　　Zhang Yan, deputy director of Beijing Urban Management Committee, said that there are 44 domestic waste treatment facilities in Beijing, which can basically meet the needs of domestic waste classification treatment in this city. By the end of July, 436 sorting stations had been built and renovated in Beijing. In addition, 22,000 sorting bucket stations have been upgraded and renovated in Beijing. In order to guide more ordinary residents to participate, Beijing will roll out the "bucket-staring tactics" in an all-round way, and mobilize seven categories of people to participate in the bucket-front duty in the sinking community.

　　Lin Lin, a commentator on the Workers’ Daily, thinks that the "bucket-staring tactics" seems to be a stupid way, but it is an indispensable "embroidery" spirit and pragmatic attitude to implement garbage sorting. Only when work sinks can garbage be separated and life become beautiful.

　　Ying Xiwen, head of the macro-regional research team of the People’s Bank of China think tank, told the Sino-Singapore Jingwei client that it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of garbage classification and the management of garbage delivery in the community, and at the same time, more humanized policies are needed; The Internet can be encouraged to play an active role. For example, "online appointments" can be encouraged to help services such as garbage, and specialization in division of labor can improve efficiency.

　　15 garbage sorting enters the countdown.

　　In addition to the above 10 places have joined the "friends circle" of garbage sorting, 15 places including Shenzhen, Nanchang, Changsha, Sanya, Haikou, Sansha, Danzhou, Tai ‘an, Nanjing, Tianjin, Hefei, Harbin, Hebei, Xi ‘an and Jiaozuo have entered the countdown.

　　The Regulations of Shenzhen Municipality on the Classification and Management of Domestic Waste came into effect on September 1st.

　　On July 4th, the Standing Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s Congress officially approved the implementation of the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste Classification in Shenzhen, which will be officially implemented from September 1st. Innovation and optimization have been made in classification standards, delivery operations and so on. Domestic waste is divided into four categories: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, harmful waste waste and other waste, and a system of regular and fixed-point delivery is established. The "Regulations" also created a system of removing barrels from the floors of residential areas, and specifically stipulated that "household kitchen waste should be drained of oil and water", and disposable storage bags should be used to put it in. In addition, the "Regulations" will also promote Shenzhen’s "CD Day" on November 8 every year to "Waste Reduction Day" and advocate a simple and moderate, green and low-carbon lifestyle.

　　100% sorting of garbage in Nanchang before September.

　　On August 6th, Nanchang issued the Promotion Plan of Domestic Waste Classification in 2020, requiring that by September 2020, all districts, the built-up areas of Wanli Administration Bureau and the towns (streets) where counties are located must reach 100% coverage of domestic waste classification of public institutions, 100% coverage of household waste classification, 100% awareness rate of household waste classification, and 35% or more rigid indicators of garbage classification and recycling rate.

　　Garbage sorting in Changsha, Haikou, Sanya, Sansha and Danzhou will be implemented on October 1.

　　On August 5th, the Standing Committee of Changsha Municipal People’s Congress held a press conference, and officially notified that the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Changsha City was examined and approved by the 19th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th People’s Congress of Hunan Province on July 30th, and will come into force on October 1st, 2020. The "Regulations" clearly stipulate that those who do not put domestic garbage in accordance with the regulations shall be ordered by the competent department of environmental health to make corrections. If the circumstances are serious, the unit shall be fined between 50,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan, and the individual shall be fined between 50 yuan and 200 yuan.

　　On July 2nd, Hainan issued the Implementation Plan for Domestic Waste Classification. Haikou City, Sanya City, Sansha City and Danzhou City will fully implement the domestic waste classification according to the requirements of the Regulations from October 1st, 2020, and basically complete the domestic waste classification and treatment system by 2022.

　　Garbage sorting in Nanjing and Tai ‘an will be implemented on November 1st.

　　On the afternoon of July 31, at the fourth plenary meeting of the 17th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of Jiangsu Province, the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Nanjing submitted by the Standing Committee of Nanjing Municipal People’s Congress was unanimously adopted. The regulations will be officially implemented on November 1, and Nanjing will officially implement the "compulsory classification" of domestic waste. Domestic waste collection and transportation units will be classified into domestic waste mixed collection and mixed transportation, and the administrative department of urban management shall impose a fine of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan.

　　On July 27, the Standing Committee of Tai ‘an Municipal People’s Congress held a press conference. The Regulations on the Classification and Management of Domestic Waste in Tai ‘an City was approved by the Standing Committee of Shandong Provincial People’s Congress and will be officially implemented on November 1, 2020. It stipulates that those who put in domestic waste as required shall be ordered to make corrections; If the circumstances are serious, the unit shall be fined between 50,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan, and the individual shall be fined between 100 yuan and 500 yuan.

　　Garbage sorting in Tianjin and Hefei will be implemented on December 1st.

　　On July 29th, the 21st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 17th National People’s Congress of Tianjin deliberated and passed the Regulations of Tianjin Municipality on Domestic Waste Management, which will come into force on December 1st, 2020. If the domestic waste is not classified and put into the corresponding collection containers, the urban management department shall order it to make corrections. Those who refuse to make corrections shall be fined between 50,000 yuan and 500,000 yuan for the unit and between 100 yuan and 500 yuan for the individual. If an individual who should be punished by the fine voluntarily participates in community service activities related to the classification of domestic waste, the urban management department may be given a lighter, mitigated or exempted punishment according to law.

　　On July 31st, at the 20th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th People’s Congress of Anhui Province, the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste Classification in Hefei passed the examination and approval. The Regulations shall come into force on December 1, 2020. The "Regulations" attach importance to the effective guidance on classification, require the recruitment of domestic waste classification instructors, implement the inspection of garbage bins on duty or patrol, guide and supervise the classified delivery of domestic waste, and stipulate the corresponding responsibilities of the responsible persons. In addition, encourage and support the scientific and technological innovation of domestic waste treatment, improve the intelligent level of domestic waste treatment, clearly establish a domestic waste classification management information system, and make it public on a regular basis.

　　Full coverage of urban domestic waste classification before the end of December in Harbin

　　On June 4th, Harbin held a meeting to promote the deployment of domestic waste classification. The meeting emphasized that by the end of December, the classified coverage rate of domestic waste in urban residential areas, public institutions and related units in the city will reach 100%, and the domestic waste classification treatment system will be basically completed.

　　Waste sorting in Hebei, Xi ‘an and Jiaozuo will be implemented in 2021.

　　On July 30th, the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of Hebei Province deliberated and passed the regulations on the classified management of urban and rural domestic waste. This is a provincial local regulation directly and explicitly named "classified management" in the management of domestic waste. The regulations will be implemented on January 1, 2021.

　　On July 30th, the Regulations on the Classified Management of Domestic Waste in Xi ‘an was approved by the 19th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of Shaanxi Province and came into effect on January 1st, 2021. It is forbidden to process edible oil and other foods with waste edible oil from kitchen waste, to avoid excessive packaging of commodities, to prohibit or restrict the production, sale and use of disposable plastic products such as non-degradable plastic bags, and service operators are not allowed to provide disposable products on their own initiative. Failing to classify domestic garbage as required, the unit may be fined up to 500,000 yuan, and the individual may be fined up to 200 yuan.

　　On July 31st, the 19th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People’s Congress of Henan Province reviewed and approved the Regulations on the Classification Management of Domestic Waste in Jiaozuo City. The Regulations will come into force on January 1, 2021.

　　Trash can Zhongxin Jingwei Seimi Zhang photo

　　At the end of the year, 46 cities will collectively "hand in papers"

　　In April 2019, nine departments, including the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, issued the Notice on Comprehensively Carrying out Domestic Waste Sorting in Cities at Prefecture Level and Above in China. The Notice requires that by 2020, 46 key cities will basically build domestic waste sorting and treatment systems.

　　It is reported that 46 cities include: Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing, Shijiazhuang, Handan, Taiyuan, Hohhot, Shenyang, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Nanjing, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Hefei, Tongling, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Nanchang, Yichun, Zhengzhou, Jinan, Taian, Qingdao, Wuhan, Yichang, Changsha.

　　On August 7 this year, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for Supplementing the Strong and Weak Items of Urban Domestic Waste Classification and Treatment Facilities" to comprehensively promote the construction of classified collection and transportation facilities for urban domestic waste. By 2023, the classified collection and transportation system of domestic waste will be fully established in 46 key cities specified in the Implementation Plan of Domestic Waste Classification System.

　　Institution: The potential market space for garbage sorting is nearly 100 billion.

　　Source: TF Securities Research Report

　　TF Securities believes that garbage sorting is accelerated, and the overall space is nearly 100 billion, which directly benefits the sanitation industry. According to the standards of 20 yuan/month for urban residents and 10 yuan/month for county residents, the overall market space for garbage sorting is over 80 billion. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, 46 cities across the country will complete garbage sorting by 2020; By 2025, domestic waste sorting and treatment systems will be basically established in cities at prefecture level and above. There are about 100 million households in 46 cities. According to the calculation of 20 yuan/household/month, the market space to be released before 2020 is about 24.2 billion.

　　In addition, while accelerating the marketization of sanitation, garbage sorting also integrates more work content into sanitation orders, and the trend of large-scale industry orders is strengthened, providing a new growth pole for the traditional sanitation industry.

　　Soochow securities predicted that in 2025, the environmental sanitation service market in China will be 468.5 billion yuan, and the space of environmental sanitation marketization will increase by 134%: the advantages of standardization, mechanization and management will promote the concentration of shares, and standardization will drive the increase of large contracts. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

Seven medical staff on duty are eating "imprint" New Year’s Eve correspondent Yan Lingling for the picture.

Blessing cake sent by enthusiastic friends

　　On New Year’s Eve, family reunion, having a reunion dinner, saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new are the customs written into Chinese’s genes.

　　However, on this special New Year’s Eve, about 80,000 medical staff in Wuhan are still sticking to their posts, leaving behind the figure of "the most beautiful retrograde". Encourage each other to welcome the new year with patients with new pneumonia, and send the fruit cake that was sent by enthusiastic friends to the family online for the New Year … … Give up reunion with relatives, only because of a common desire — —

　　Stick to the battlefield and give more people the strength to overcome the epidemic.

　　"I hope to win this war as soon as possible!"

　　Medical staff of Jinyintan Hospital spend New Year’s Eve with patients.

　　On New Year’s Eve, Changjiang Daily reporter made layers of protection and entered the isolation ward of Jinyintan Hospital in Wuhan, and visited doctors, nurses and patients with new pneumonia on the spot for New Year’s Eve.

　　At 11: 30, nurse Yang Anli came to the front door of the new pneumonia isolation ward with Spring Festival couplets and lanterns, put the couplets on the door and hung the red lanterns. Yang Anli is a provincial model worker. In 2003, she went to Beijing to fight SARS on behalf of Jinyintan Hospital.

　　There are more than 30 patients with new pneumonia diagnosed in the South Third District, and the hospital has prepared an apple for each of them. After the protection, nurse Le Yanling made a victory gesture to the reporter, carried the apples into the ward, and distributed the apples to the patients one by one.

　　At 1 o’clock in the afternoon, the reporter came to Nansi District. Four nurses put on protective clothing and sent the hot jiaozi to the ward, giving each patient a copy.

　　The reporter learned that Jinyintan Hospital is the earliest "four centralized" hospital in our city to deal with the new pneumonia epidemic. The hospital went to work as usual during the Spring Festival. In the first line of the decisive battle against the epidemic, more than 460 medical staff were on duty every day.

　　(Changjiang Daily reporter Ke Aesthetics correspondent Li Jie Liu Lu)

　　Dr. Han Yuan missed the group year video.

　　Cake fruit sent from all over the country is "New Year’s Eve".

　　"Professor Wang, come and have dinner!" At 5: 20 pm on January 24th, Professor Bing Wang, who rushed to Wuhan from Jingzhou Central Hospital, returned to the department. Cakes and fruits sent from all over the country became his "New Year’s Eve" this year.

　　On the morning of 24th, Bing Wang got into intense work, and got off work at 12 noon. In the afternoon, he voluntarily gave up his rest for fear of the unstable condition of his seven patients, and missed the "video" of his family reunion in Jingzhou.

　　"In the year of the 3 o’clock group at home, I didn’t receive a video call, and my family sent me a picture." Bing Wang said that his family’s annual meal was very rich, but his annual meal was not bad, which was very special.

　　"How about cakes, fruits and dumplings? Not bad!" Bing Wang pointed to boxes of food on the table and said that these were sent by enthusiastic friends from all over the country. The first time I spent the New Year alone in a foreign country, I ate such an annual meal for the first time, but I was able to reunite with the medical staff who fought side by side. Bing Wang felt very warm. "I will finish my work later and video with my family."

　　(Changjiang Daily reporter Yang Wei)

　　The "video dinner" family of three told each other to be 9 years old and asked their parents to pay attention to safety.

　　"Mom, I’m eating New Year’s Eve." "Eating New Year’s Eve, did you say a blessing to your grandparents?" … … At 6: 50 pm on January 24th, Yang Qian returned home after a day’s frontline battle against new pneumonia, and she and her husband Liu Xinghua got through a video call with her son who was in Huangzhou for the New Year.

　　Liu Xinghua is a radiologist in Wuhan No.1 Hospital, who is responsible for taking CT images of patients. Yang Qian is a radiologist, who is responsible for registering patients at the window. He needs to contact a large number of patients with fever every day. Because my grandparents in Huangzhou always talk about their grandchildren on the phone, the couple sent their children to Huangzhou as soon as the winter vacation was over on January 6.

　　"I didn’t expect that after returning to Han, the number of fever patients increased day by day. We were often busy late at night to go home, and sometimes it took several days to call our son." Liu Xinghua said that his son pays attention to the news of new pneumonia on TV every day and reminds them to pay attention to safety every time he calls.

　　(Changjiang Daily reporter Liu Xuan correspondent Yu Wei)

　　Take off the protective mask from the intensive care unit and eat the "imprint" reunion dinner.

　　On January 24th, at 12: 20, the first wave of "reunion dinner" was served at a small table outside the intensive care unit (NCU) of the First Hospital of Wuhan. Seven medical staff on duty just took off their protective masks, leaving a deep impression on their faces. The annual dinner on the table is a box lunch provided by the hospital, with a banana and a box of yogurt for each person.

　　At this time, 15 critically ill patients were admitted to NCU, including one suspected new pneumonia patient who received isolation treatment. On the same day, there were 15 medical staff, including Shan Ping, director of the ward, and Sun Chun, head nurse. In the afternoon, the medical staff transferred the suspected patients with new pneumonia to the designated hospital for treatment.

　　(Changjiang Daily reporter Liu Xuan correspondent Yan Lingling)

　　The nurse fought for more than 20 days and didn’t go home. The family had a new year’s meal across the screen.

　　On New Year’s Eve, Feng Qiong, the head nurse of the first ward of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Wuhan Sixth Hospital, who has been stationed in the hospital for more than 20 days and has not returned home, still sticks to the front line. "Don’t worry about family matters, it’s all up to me!" At 7 o’clock in the evening, Feng Qiong, who had just finished her work, ate the New Year’s Eve dinner sent by her husband, while taking advantage of this rare gap, she connected with her relatives at home by video phone, and a family of four had a different kind of annual meal through their mobile phones. Feng Qiong, who has been engaged in nursing for 25 years, has successfully completed the medical treatment of flood fighting in 1998, SARS in 2003 and Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. This time, in the fight against the new type of pneumonia, she is still in the forefront, leading a group of "white warriors" in the department to the front line.

　　(Changjiang Daily reporter Liu Xuan correspondent Luo Yao)

State and municipal people’s governments, provincial committees, offices, departments and bureaus:

"Yunnan Medical and Health Service System Planning (2016-2020)" has been agreed by the provincial people’s government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

General Office of Yunnan Provincial People’s Government

October 22, 2016

(This piece is publicly released)

Planning of Medical and Health Service System in Yunnan Province

(2016-2020)

In order to further optimize and rationally allocate medical and health resources, improve the quality and efficiency of medical and health services in our province, and provide better health protection for the demonstration area of national unity and progress, the vanguard of ecological civilization construction, and the construction of radiation centers facing South Asia and Southeast Asia, this plan is formulated according to the spirit of the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Outline of the National Medical and Health Service System Planning (2015-2020) (No.14 of the State Council [2015]) and the actual situation of our province.

Chapter 1 Planning Background

Section 1 Basic Status Quo

First, the current situation of medical and health resources

With the great attention of governments at all levels, after years of development, our province has basically established a medical and health service system covering urban and rural areas, which consists of hospitals, primary medical and health institutions and professional public health institutions. Medical and health resources are increasing year by year. Compared with 2010, the number of medical and health institutions at all levels increased from 22,888 to 24,186 in 2015, the number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand permanent residents increased from 3.41 to 5.01, the number of practicing (assistant) doctors increased from 1.38 to 1.68, the number of registered nurses increased from 1.07 to 1.97, and the number of professional public health personnel increased from 0.44.

Second, the utilization of medical and health resources

In 2015, compared with 2010, the total number of patients in medical institutions in the province increased from 176.1324 million to 228.3867 million, with an average annual growth rate of 5.93%. The number of inpatients increased from 4.836 million to 7.4485 million, with an average annual growth rate of 10.80%. In 2015, the number of patients in hospitals and primary health care institutions accounted for 38.60% and 57.63% respectively, of which public hospitals were the main ones, accounting for 83.06% of the total number of patients in hospitals. The utilization rate of hospital beds in medical institutions in the province was 76.23%, and the average hospitalization day was 8.18 days.

Third, the level of health

The average life expectancy of the province’s population is expected to increase from 69.5 years in 2010 to 73.6 years in 2015, and the maternal mortality rate will drop from 37.27/100,000 in 2010 to 23.63/100,000 in 2015. The infant mortality rate and the mortality rate of children under five will drop from 12.24‰ and 15.31‰ in 2010 to 8.7‰ and 15.31 ‰ respectively.

Main problems in the second quarter

First, the total amount of medical and health resources is insufficient and the quality is not high.

There is still a big gap between the quantity and quality of medical and health resources in our province and the health needs of people of all ethnic groups. At the end of 2015, the number of beds in medical and health institutions, the number of licensed (assistant) doctors, the number of registered nurses and the number of professional public health personnel per thousand permanent residents in the province were lower than the national average. Health human resources are particularly scarce. From 2010 to 2015, the average annual growth rate of practicing (assistant) doctors per thousand permanent residents was only 3.84%, which was much lower than the growth rate of the number of patients. The academic qualifications and professional titles of health technicians are generally low. In 2015, only 28.84% of health technicians had a bachelor’s degree or above, and the sub-high and above titles only accounted for 6.41% of health technicians. 27.4% of maternal and child health care institutions in the province are still unable to carry out hospital delivery.

Two, the uneven distribution of medical and health resources, unreasonable structure

The distribution of medical and health resources is uneven, and under-utilization and over-utilization of resources coexist. 93% provincial hospitals, 46% third-class first-class hospitals and 30% licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses are concentrated in Kunming. The development of different types of medical and health institutions is uneven. The characteristic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) have not been fully exerted. In 2015, the number of specialized hospitals in the province only accounted for 19% of the total number of hospitals, and beds only accounted for 13% of the total number of hospital beds. The medical service capacity and medical service radiation capacity were not strong, and specialties such as pediatrics, mental health, rehabilitation, geriatrics, hospice care, maternal and child health care, and family planning were relatively lacking. There are still some problems in social hospitals, such as low level, obscure specialty features, weak talent base and low social recognition, which have not yet formed a pattern of mutual promotion and common development with public hospitals.

Three, the basic medical and health institutions have low management level and weak service ability.

The management level of township hospitals and village clinics is relatively low. The management of community health service institutions is backward and the service function is not perfect. There are some problems in primary medical and health institutions, such as "unable to go down, unable to stay, unable to use well" and low professional quality. It is difficult to improve the service level, and it is difficult for the service ability to undertake the basic functions of primary diagnosis and graded diagnosis and treatment. At the same time, the medical business of primary medical and health institutions has shrunk, and the proportion of beds in township hospitals and the number of people admitted to hospitals have declined.

Four, the development of health information construction lags behind, and the regional development is quite different.

The information infrastructure is poor, the investment in health informatization construction is insufficient, the standards are not uniform, the information utilization and personnel training are not in place. Medical and health institutions at all levels have different degrees of informatization construction, and information interconnection mechanism has not been established between institutions, and medical and health information services for the public are insufficient.

Five, the function orientation of public hospitals is unclear, and the division of labor and cooperation mechanism has not yet been established.

The functional orientation of public hospitals at all levels in the medical and health service system is unclear. The division of labor and cooperation mechanism between medical and health institutions has not yet been established, and the fragmentation of medical and health service system is more serious. The scale of some hospitals is too large, which reduces the management efficiency, increases the burden on patients, siphons off grassroots medical and health talents and patients, occupies the development space of grassroots medical and health institutions and social hospitals, and affects the improvement of the overall efficiency of the medical and health service system.

Section 3 Opportunities and Challenges

In the next five years, the construction of medical and health service system in our province will usher in many rare opportunities. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the development of medical and health undertakings, give priority to people’s health, focus on popularizing healthy life, optimizing health services, improving health protection, building a healthy environment and developing health industries, accelerate the construction of a healthy China, and strive to ensure people’s health in an all-round and full-cycle manner. The provincial party committee and government regard the protection of people’s health as a major livelihood project, and vigorously promote the construction of healthy Yunnan, which provides a historic opportunity for our province to further improve the medical and health service system. Our province actively serves and integrates into the national "Belt and Road" construction, strives to become a radiation center for South Asia and Southeast Asia, and brings opportunities for medical and health undertakings to open up and develop for South Asia and Southeast Asia. The state has stepped up efforts to get rid of poverty and created policy opportunities for our province to speed up the development of medical and health undertakings. The rapid development and popularization of information technology has provided technical support for the innovation of medical and health service and management mode and the improvement of accessibility and convenience of medical and health services.

At the same time, after years of rapid development, the downward pressure on the economy of our province continues to increase, and the growth of public finance budget revenue is weak, so the development of medical and health undertakings must adapt to the new normal; The new urbanization construction and the optimization and adjustment of the spatial layout of the whole province put forward new requirements for the medical and health service system architecture and resource allocation; With the aging of the population, it is estimated that by 2020, the population of our province will reach 49.1 million, of which the elderly population will reach 6.5 million, accounting for 13%. Geriatrics, rehabilitation and other fields are under great pressure; The major adjustment of birth policy will aggravate the contradiction between supply and demand in pediatrics, maternal and child health care, reproductive health and other fields; The incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases is rising, major infectious diseases have not been completely controlled, and sudden new infectious diseases and imported infectious diseases pose potential threats to the province, especially the border areas; The improvement of the medical security system will further release the medical service needs of people of all ethnic groups; Deepening the reform of medical and health system in an all-round way, and establishing and implementing graded diagnosis and treatment system have set new goals for optimizing the layout and allocation of medical and health resources.

Chapter II General Requirements

The first section guiding ideology

Comprehensively implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 3rd, 4th and 5th Plenary Sessions of the 18th Central Committee and the National Conference on Health and Wellness, thoroughly implement the series of important speeches by the Supreme Leader General Secretary and inspect the spirit of important speeches in Yunnan, closely focus on the "four comprehensive" strategic layout and the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the provincial party committee and government, adhere to the concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and shared development, and implement the new policy of health and wellness work in the new period, with the aim of improving the health level of people of all ethnic groups in the province.

Section 2 Basic Principles

First, demand-oriented, rational layout

Guided by health needs and solving people’s major health problems, with adjusting the layout, upgrading the energy level, and strengthening the shortcomings as the main line, we will develop moderately and orderly and strengthen the weak links. Strengthen the management of the whole industry and localization, make unified planning and layout of medical and health resources with different subordinate relations and ownership forms within the administrative area, and scientifically and reasonably determine the number, scale and layout of various medical and health institutions at all levels.

Second, government-led, multi-input

Strengthen the government’s responsibility for the planning, financing and supervision of basic, grass-roots and basic medical and health resources, and safeguard the public welfare of public medical and health care. Give play to the role of market mechanism, strengthen policy guidance, mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of social forces, encourage and support the society to run medical services, so as to meet the people’s multi-level and diversified medical and health service needs.

Third, fairness and accessibility, improve efficiency

Focusing on the goal of ensuring the fairness and accessibility of basic medical and health services and benefiting the masses, we will promote the equalization of basic medical and health services in ethnic minority areas and concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken areas. Pay attention to the scientific and coordinated allocation and use of medical and health resources, give full play to the advantages of information technology, build a scientific, reasonable and convenient medical and health service system, improve efficiency, reduce costs, and achieve the unity of fairness and efficiency.

Fourth, people-oriented, innovative mechanism

Reform the development mode of public hospitals, rationally regulate the scale of public hospital resources, and build a people-oriented integrated service model. Strengthen the construction of talent team, improve the service level of primary medical and health institutions, and enhance the service capacity of public health institutions.

Five, according to local conditions, overall coordination

Fully consider the level of economic and social development, the number of people served, the service radius, the traffic situation and the current situation of medical and health resources, and formulate allocation standards by classification. Coordinate the allocation of urban and rural and regional resources, coordinate the current and long-term, coordinate prevention, medical care and rehabilitation, focus on the grassroots, take reform and innovation as the driving force, give priority to prevention, and pay equal attention to Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) and western medicine, give play to the overall function of the medical and health service system, and promote balanced development.

Section III Overall Objectives

Optimize the allocation of medical and health resources, build an integrated medical and health service system that is compatible with the national economic and social development level of our province, matches the health needs of people of all ethnic groups, has a complete system, a clear division of labor, complementary functions, close cooperation and convenient access, and realizes that everyone enjoys basic medical and health services. By 2020, the number of beds in medical and health institutions per thousand permanent residents in the province will be controlled at 6.0, the number of licensed (assistant) doctors will reach 2.5, the number of registered nurses will reach 3.14, the number of professional public health personnel will reach 0.83, and the number of general practitioners per 10,000 permanent residents will reach 2 (see Table 1 for details). According to the strategy of "controlling development, moderately developing and accelerating development", the allocation standards of medical and health resources in different States and cities will be formulated, and the gap in the allocation of medical and health resources among States and cities will be gradually narrowed, and a "15-minute health service circle in dam area" and a "30-minute health service circle in mountain area" will be built, with the rate of medical treatment in the county reaching 90%, which will comprehensively improve the fairness and accessibility of basic medical and health services in the province.

Chapter III Layout of Medical and Health Service System

Section 1 Framework of Medical and Health Service System

The medical and health service system mainly includes hospitals, grass-roots medical and health institutions and professional public health institutions.

Hospitals are divided into public hospitals and social hospitals. Among them, public hospitals are divided into government-run hospitals (mainly divided into county-run hospitals, state-run hospitals, provincial-run hospitals and departmental hospitals according to their functional orientation) and other public hospitals (mainly including military hospitals, state-owned and collective enterprises and institutions, etc.). Below the county level are primary medical and health institutions, which are divided into two categories: public and social. Professional public health institutions are divided into government-run professional public health institutions and other professional public health institutions (mainly including professional public health institutions organized by state-owned and collective enterprises and institutions).

Section 2 Hospital Planning and Setting-up

First, public hospitals

(A) functional positioning

As the main body of the medical service system, public hospitals must adhere to the maintenance of public welfare, give full play to the backbone role in the provision of basic medical services, the diagnosis and treatment of critical and difficult diseases, undertake the tasks of personnel training, medical research and medical teaching in medical and health institutions, and undertake the tasks of public health services, emergency medical rescue, foreign aid, national defense and health mobilization, supporting agriculture, supporting the border and supporting the community specified by the law and the government. County-run hospitals are mainly responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of common and frequently-occurring diseases, emergency rescue and referral of difficult diseases, training and guiding staff of primary medical and health institutions, undertaking corresponding public health services and emergency medical rescue, etc. They are an important carrier for the government to provide basic medical and health services to residents in county-level areas.

State-run hospitals mainly provide comprehensive or specialized medical services representing the high level of the region to residents in state-level administrative areas, accept referrals from lower-level hospitals, and undertake personnel training and certain scientific research tasks as well as corresponding public health and emergency medical rescue tasks.

Provincial hospitals mainly provide diagnosis and treatment of critical and difficult diseases and specialized medical services to the states and cities within the provincial administrative region, accept referrals from lower-level hospitals, and undertake personnel training, medical research and corresponding public health and emergency medical rescue tasks.

(2) Institutional setup

Various types of public hospitals are set up scientifically in various regions according to local urbanization, population distribution, geographical transportation, disease spectrum and other factors, and the number and scale of public general hospitals are reasonably controlled. For specialized medical services with large demand, corresponding specialized hospitals are set up according to specific conditions.

According to the number of permanent residents in county-level administrative regions, in principle, each county-level administrative region is set up with one county-run general hospital and one county-run traditional Chinese medicine hospital (including traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and ethnic medicine, the same below). The county that lacks TCM resources and unconditionally sets up TCM hospitals should set up TCM or ethnic medicine rooms in county-run general hospitals, with the number of beds not less than 10%. National autonomous county-level administrative regions give priority to the establishment of national medical hospitals. County-run general hospitals must set up psychiatric departments and infectious diseases departments. Counties with a population of more than 500,000 can appropriately increase the number of public hospitals.

In the prefecture-level administrative regions, according to the number of permanent residents, the service radius is generally about 50 kilometers per 1 million-2 million population, and 1-2 prefecture-level general hospitals (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals) are set up, which can be appropriately relaxed in sparsely populated areas. In accordance with the principle of "reasonable layout, clear positioning and prominent focus", all prefectures and cities should set up at least one general hospital run by prefectures and cities and one hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, and encourage other existing general hospitals to develop into specialized hospitals for children, obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, stomatology, rehabilitation, psychosis, infectious diseases, senile diseases and hospice care as needed. Cities that have not set up specialized psychiatric hospitals and infectious diseases hospitals must set up psychiatric departments and infectious diseases departments in general hospitals in cities.

In provincial administrative regions, according to the number of permanent residents, 1-2 provincial-run general hospitals are planned for every 10 million people, and provincial-run specialized hospitals for children, obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, cardiovascular disease, mental illness, infectious diseases, occupational diseases, stomatology, rehabilitation, etc. (including traditional Chinese medicine specialized hospitals) are planned according to needs. Through exchanges and cooperation, innovation and development, we will continuously improve the level of medical services and the strength of medical scientific research, and build provincial hospitals into medical highlands based in Yunnan and facing South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Second, the society runs hospitals

Running a hospital by the society is an indispensable part of the medical and health service system and an effective way to meet the people’s multi-level and diversified medical service needs. Social-run hospitals can provide basic medical services, high-end services or services in short supply such as rehabilitation and elderly care, and form an orderly competition and supplement with public hospitals.

By 2020, planning space will be reserved for social hospitals according to no less than 1.5 beds per 1,000 permanent residents, and the setting of diagnosis and treatment subjects and the configuration space of large medical equipment will be reserved simultaneously. Guide the development of social hospitals to a high level and scale, encourage social hospitals to upgrade infrastructure construction, and develop professional hospital management groups. Support the society to run hospitals with large medical equipment.

Improve supporting policies, and encourage and guide social capital to set up medical institutions on the premise of meeting the planned total amount and structure. Speed up the examination and approval procedures, and approve hospitals run by the society with corresponding qualifications in accordance with the regulations, simplify the examination and approval process and improve the examination and approval efficiency. Relax the requirements for service areas, and all areas that are not explicitly prohibited by laws and regulations can be opened to social capital. Give priority to supporting the establishment of non-profit medical institutions. Promote doctors to practice more, strengthen business cooperation between public hospitals and community-run hospitals, improve clinical level and academic status, support community-run hospitals to be included in the designated scope of medical insurance, improve planning layout and land security, optimize investment and financing guidance policies, improve fiscal and taxation price policies, and implement market-adjusted prices for medical services in community-run hospitals. Strengthen industry supervision to ensure medical quality and safety.

Section III Planning and Setting of Grassroots Medical and Health Institutions

First, the functional orientation

The main duties of primary medical and health institutions are to provide basic public health services such as prevention, health care, health education, family planning, diagnosis and treatment services for common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases, and rehabilitation and nursing services for some diseases, and to refer common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and critical and difficult patients beyond their own service capacity to hospitals. Grass-roots medical and health institutions mainly include township hospitals, community health service centers (stations), village clinics, outpatient departments, infirmary (offices) and so on. Township hospitals and community health service centers are responsible for providing basic public health services, comprehensive services such as diagnosis, treatment, nursing and rehabilitation of common and frequently-occurring diseases, and entrusted by county-level health and family planning administrative departments to undertake public health management within their administrative areas, and are responsible for comprehensive management, technical guidance and training of rural doctors in village clinics and community health service stations. Township hospitals are divided into central township hospitals and general township hospitals. In addition to the service functions of general township hospitals, central township hospitals should also carry out common operations, focus on strengthening medical service capabilities and undertake technical guidance for general township hospitals in surrounding areas. Village clinics and community health service stations, under the unified management and guidance of township hospitals and community health service centers, undertake basic public health services for people in administrative villages and neighborhood committees, and carry out primary diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of common and frequently-occurring diseases. The basic medical and health institutions such as the infirmary and outpatient department (institute) within the unit are responsible for the basic public health and basic medical services of the unit or the functional community.Other out-patient departments, clinics and other grassroots medical and health institutions provide relevant medical and health services according to the health needs of residents. The government can subsidize the services it provides by purchasing services.

Second, the institutional setup

Township hospitals and community health service centers shall be set up according to the administrative divisions of townships and sub-district offices or a certain service population. By 2020, a township health center run by the government will be well established in each township, and a community health service center run by the government will be set up within the scope of each street office or according to the plan for every 30,000-100,000 residents. Comprehensively improve the service capacity and level of community health service centers and township hospitals. Considering urbanization, geographical location, population concentration and other factors, about one-third of township hospitals are selected to improve their service capacity and level, and central township hospitals are built. Reasonably determine the number and layout of village clinics and community health service stations, and reasonably set them according to the coverage of township hospitals and community health service centers, service radius, service population and other factors. In principle, each administrative village should set up a village clinic and each community should set up a community health service station. The establishment of individual clinics and other primary medical and health institutions is not limited by the planning and layout, and the management mode of market regulation is implemented.

Section 4 Planning and Setting of Professional Public Health Institutions

First, the functional orientation

Professional public health institutions are institutions that provide professional public health services (mainly including disease prevention and control, comprehensive supervision and law enforcement of health and family planning, health education, maternal and child health care, mental health, first aid, blood collection and supply, food safety risk monitoring and evaluation and standard management, family planning, birth defect prevention, etc.) within their administrative areas, and undertake corresponding management work. Professional public health institutions mainly include disease prevention and control institutions, health education institutions, health and family planning comprehensive supervision and law enforcement institutions, maternal and child health care family planning service institutions, mental health professional institutions, emergency centers (stations), blood stations, etc., which are organized by the government in principle.

The main duties of county-run professional public health institutions are: to undertake professional public health tasks, corresponding business management, information submission and other work within the administrative area, and to provide technical guidance, personnel training, supervision and assessment on public health work of medical and health institutions within the administrative area, and to complete the mandatory tasks assigned by superiors.

The main responsibilities of state-run professional public health institutions are: to undertake professional public health tasks and corresponding information management within the administrative area, and to carry out business guidance, personnel training, supervision and assessment for subordinate professional public health institutions, and to complete the mandatory tasks assigned by superiors.

The main responsibilities of provincial professional public health institutions are: undertaking professional public health tasks within the administrative area, carrying out regional business planning, scientific research and training, information management, technical support, business guidance, personnel training, supervision and assessment of subordinate professional public health institutions, and completing mandatory tasks assigned by superiors.

Second, the institutional setup

Professional public health institutions are set up reasonably according to the number of permanent residents, service scope, workload and other factors in the administrative area. Strengthen the integration of public health service resources in administrative areas and encourage the formation of comprehensive public health service centers; Strengthen the capacity building of disease prevention and control in border areas; Strengthen the capacity building of health education. According to administrative divisions and levels, there is only one similar professional public health institution in each administrative region at or above the county level in principle, and the government at or above the county level regulates the establishment of comprehensive supervision and law enforcement institutions for health and family planning according to their work responsibilities, which will undertake the task of comprehensive supervision and law enforcement for health and family planning.

Below the county level, community health service centers (stations), township hospitals (maternal and child health care and family planning service stations), village clinics and family planning service rooms undertake professional public health-related work. Integrate the maternal and child health care functions of township family planning technical service institutions and township hospitals. Village clinics and village family planning service rooms are reserved at the village level and shared.

In principle, there are one disease prevention and control, one comprehensive health and family planning supervision, and one maternal and child health care and family planning service institution within the county-level administrative region. At present, the specialized prevention and control institutions for leprosy and schistosomiasis are gradually integrated into the disease prevention and control center; There is an emergency center (station) and a blood bank attached to the county-run general hospital, and the location of the state government is not repeated.

One public health institution, including disease prevention and control, comprehensive supervision of health and family planning, maternal and child health care and family planning services, blood collection and supply, and one emergency center (station) are set up independently or relying on the state-run general hospital. Kunming will no longer set up emergency centers and blood centers repeatedly. All localities can integrate resources according to the actual situation. Within the provincial administrative region, one professional public health institution is set up, including disease prevention and control, health education, comprehensive supervision of health and family planning, maternal and child health care, scientific research of population and family planning, mental health, first aid, blood center and so on.

Within the scope of the province, the mental health service system and network will be established and improved on the basis of professional mental health institutions as the main body, psychiatric departments of general hospitals as the auxiliary, primary medical and health institutions and community rehabilitation institutions for mental illness.

Within the province, the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the province will be strengthened based on disease prevention and control institutions as the main body, infectious diseases specialist hospitals and general hospitals as the auxiliary, and primary medical and health institutions.

Within the scope of the province, with the provincial and municipal emergency centers as the leader, the county-run emergency center and the pre-hospital emergency network hospital jointly built a relatively complete emergency network. Strengthen the construction of emergency medical rescue bases in areas with frequent geological disasters, locations of large-scale petroleum refining and chemical projects, and areas along oil pipelines.

Section 5 Building a Regional Medical and Health Center

According to the development idea of "strengthening central Yunnan, invigorating the border areas, linking corridors, multi-point support and two-way opening", combined with the new urbanization construction plan, we will build six medical and health service areas in central Yunnan, western Yunnan, southeastern Yunnan, northwestern Yunnan, southwestern Yunnan and northeastern Yunnan. The medical and health service areas in central Yunnan include Kunming, Yuxi, Chuxiong and Qujing; The medical and health service areas in western Yunnan include Dali, Baoshan and Dehong; The medical and health service areas in southeastern Yunnan include Honghe and Wenshan; The medical and health service areas in northwest Yunnan include Lijiang, Diqing and Nujiang. The medical and health service areas in southwest Yunnan include Xishuangbanna, Pu ‘er and Lincang. The medical and health service area in northeast Yunnan includes Zhaotong. Coordinate high-quality medical and health resources in various regions, develop interactively, build regional medical and health centers, and improve the overall level of medical and health services in the province.

In the medical and health service area in central Yunnan, based on the construction of national and provincial clinical key specialties and clinical disciplines, relying on the provincial-run tertiary hospitals, we will introduce domestic high-quality medical and health resources to cooperate and build a provincial-level high-level medical and health center; Relying on Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, we will build a national cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment center and a provincial cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment training base for South Asia and Southeast Asia. Strive to build the provincial high-level medical and health center into a medical and health institution with beautiful environment, talented people, outstanding characteristics, excellent equipment, leading technology, rigorous academic research, innovation and advanced management, and provide efficient and high-quality diagnosis and treatment of critical and difficult diseases and specialized medical services for the whole province and neighboring countries, leading the improvement of the medical and health level of the whole province.

In the medical and health service areas of western Yunnan, southeastern Yunnan, northwestern Yunnan, southwestern Yunnan and northeastern Yunnan, regional medical and health centers in western Yunnan, southeastern Yunnan, northwestern Yunnan, southwestern Yunnan and northeastern Yunnan will be built through the construction of key clinical specialties and clinical disciplines jointly established by provincial and provincial cities, and relying on tertiary hospitals with strong technical capabilities and good service capabilities in the region to provide high-level medical and health services to the people in the region, and train and guide primary medical and health personnel in the region.

In the medical and health service areas of western Yunnan, northwest Yunnan, southwest Yunnan and central Yunnan, we will give full play to the traditional advantages of ethnic medicine, actively carry out ethnic medicine services and build ethnic medicine service centers such as Tibetan medicine, Dai medicine and Yi medicine, relying on existing ethnic hospitals such as Tibetan medicine hospitals, Dai medicine hospitals and Yi medicine hospitals.

Section 6 Division of Labor and Cooperation of Medical and Health Institutions

Establish and improve the division of labor and cooperation among public hospitals, professional public health institutions, grass-roots medical and health institutions and social hospitals, integrate the service functions of various medical and health institutions at all levels, and provide systematic, continuous and all-round medical and health services for the masses.

I. Combination of prevention and control

Professional public health institutions should strengthen guidance, training and assessment for public hospitals, primary medical and health institutions and social hospitals to carry out public health services, and establish cooperation mechanisms such as information sharing and interconnection. Clarify the responsibilities of professional public health institutions and medical institutions, and do a good job in the comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and cancer. General hospitals or specialized hospitals carry out diagnosis and treatment of key infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and AIDS, as well as patients with occupational diseases and mental diseases, and professional public health institutions are responsible for tracking and management. Provide women and children with life-cycle health care and clinical health services, and carry out comprehensive prevention and treatment of birth defects. Strengthen the coordination between maternal and child health care institutions and general hospitals, and focus on strengthening the referral and treatment of high-risk pregnant women and high-risk children. General hospitals and related specialized hospitals should rely on relevant departments and cooperate closely with professional public health institutions to undertake certain public health tasks within their administrative areas and provide operational guidance to primary medical and health institutions. Establish a compensation mechanism and a service purchase mechanism for medical institutions to undertake public health tasks. Strengthen the construction of public health service capacity of grassroots medical and health institutions to ensure that all public health tasks are in place.

Second, pay equal attention to Chinese and western medicine

Efforts will be made to promote the revitalization and development of Chinese medicine, adhere to the principle of paying equal attention to both Chinese and Western medicine, give full play to the unique advantages of Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) in medical prevention and health care in our province, establish and improve the development mechanism of Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine), strengthen the team building of Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine), and improve the management system, inheritance and innovation system and service system of Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine). Use modern science and technology to strengthen the cooperation between Chinese and western medicine in disease prevention, clinical treatment and medical research, and promote the complementary and coordinated development of Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) and western medicine. Increase the information support of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) hospitals. In general hospitals, maternal and child health institutions and other non-Chinese medical and health institutions, Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) departments are set up. Strengthen the construction of comprehensive service areas of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) in township hospitals and community health service centers. Strengthen the development of ethnic medicine such as Tibetan medicine, Yi medicine and Dai medicine. Strive to realize the creative transformation and development of traditional Chinese medicine health preservation culture.

Third, up and down linkage

Establish and improve the graded diagnosis and treatment mode in line with the actual situation in our province, build a division of labor and cooperation mechanism between hospitals at different levels, hospitals and primary medical and health institutions, and continue medical institutions, improve the operation mechanism of networked urban and rural primary medical and health services, and gradually realize the diagnosis and treatment pattern of primary diagnosis, two-way referral, up-and-down linkage, and rapid and slow division. With the goal of forming a graded diagnosis and treatment order, we will actively explore scientific and effective medical associations and telemedicine and other graded diagnosis and treatment methods, and strive to improve the incentive mechanism of the reimbursement ratio of basic medical insurance for two-way graded diagnosis and treatment. Make full use of information technology to promote the disclosure of medical service information and the vertical flow of high-quality medical resources, and realize the information channel of sharing diagnosis and treatment information, developing telemedicine service and teaching and training between hospitals and primary medical and health institutions. Improve the service chain of treatment-rehabilitation-long-term care, develop and strengthen continuous medical institutions such as rehabilitation, elderly care, long-term care, chronic disease management, hospice care, establish a system of acute and slow treatment, and improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources in public hospitals.

Fourth, the combination of medical care and nursing

Combined with the unique advantages of natural conditions in our province, we will establish various types of combination models of medical care and nursing. Encourage all kinds of medical institutions to carry out pension services, support all kinds of pension institutions to load medical service functions, increase the number of resources to provide medical services for the elderly, and enhance the ability of general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, geriatric hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes, hospice care institutions and primary medical and health institutions to serve the elderly. From the aspects of common diseases, chronic diseases, rehabilitation nursing and health promotion, we will focus on strengthening the ability of primary medical and health institutions to provide diagnosis and treatment services for the elderly. Medical and health institutions have opened a green channel for the old-age care institutions to provide services such as medical rounds, health management, health consultation, appointment, emergency treatment, and Chinese medicine health care for the elderly, so as to ensure that the elderly can get timely and effective medical treatment. Conditional medical institutions set up in old-age care institutions can be used as post-rehabilitation nursing places for the elderly in hospitals (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals). Encourage two or more general hospitals (including Chinese medicine hospitals) to carry out counterpart support and cooperation with old-age care institutions. We will integrate medical, rehabilitation, old-age care and nursing resources by building a medical and old-age care consortium, and provide the elderly with health and old-age care services that integrate hospitalization during treatment, rehabilitation care, stable life care and hospice care. Promote the extension of medical and health services to communities and families. Encourage social forces to set up institutions that combine medical care with nursing care.

V. Diversified development

Strengthen the coordinated development of social medical institutions and public medical and health institutions, and improve the overall efficiency of medical and health resources. Encourage social capital to invest in service areas that meet diverse needs. Encourage social capital to invest in establishing community health service institutions through various forms and channels. Encourage social forces to set up Chinese medicine specialized hospitals, rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes (stations) and clinics for oral diseases, geriatric diseases and chronic diseases. Encourage social forces to give priority to the establishment of non-profit specialized hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine such as gynecology, pediatrics, orthopedics and anorectal diseases, and develop rehabilitation hospitals and nursing homes with Chinese medicine characteristics. There are no layout restrictions on the establishment planning of medical institutions and regional health development planning for Chinese medicine clinics and clinics that only provide traditional Chinese medicine services with social capital. Support qualified Chinese medicine professionals and technicians, especially famous old Chinese medicine practitioners to set up Chinese medicine clinics and clinics. Encourage pharmaceutical trading enterprises to hold traditional Chinese medicine clinic. Actively carry out more practice of doctors. Support social medical institutions to strengthen the construction of key disciplines, introduce and train talents, and enhance their academic status. Encourage and support social forces to participate in public health work, and strengthen technical guidance and supervision and management. Social forces should strengthen their own management, constantly strengthen their own capabilities, and work closely with professional public health institutions to ensure the smooth development of public health work.

Chapter IV Allocation of Medical and Health Resources

The first section configuration ideas

In view of the overall shortage of medical and health resources and the extreme shortage of health human resources in our province, we should control the growth rate of beds, improve service efficiency, speed up the construction of practicing (assistant) doctors, professional public health personnel and general practitioners, and rationally allocate registered nurses in accordance with the development idea of overall coordination.

In view of the uneven distribution of medical and health resources, according to the social and economic development, geographical traffic conditions, current situation of medical and health resources and the needs of regional medical and health center construction, 16 provinces and cities in the province are divided into: Kunming, the control development area; Moderately developed areas: Yuxi, Chuxiong, Honghe, Xishuangbanna and Dehong; Areas for accelerated development: Qujing, Baoshan, Zhaotong, Lijiang, Pu ‘er, lincang, Wenshan, Dali, Nujiang and Diqing.

According to the strategy of "controlling development, moderately developing and accelerating development", the allocation standard of medical and health resources in different regions is formulated, which requires controlling the development regions to promote structural adjustment, strengthen connotation construction, control the growth rate of all kinds of resources, guide the society to do fine medical work, encourage state-run hospitals and county-run hospitals to explore new service models, and gradually compress beds; Encourage moderately developed areas to improve efficiency, revitalize stocks, and rationally allocate and utilize various medical and health resources; Support to accelerate the development of areas to increase the construction of service supply capacity, and gradually narrow the gap in medical and health service capacity between various regions. Appropriate tilt will be given to the allocation of various resources in eight border States and cities, including Honghe Prefecture, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Baoshan City, Pu ‘er City, lincang, Wenshan Prefecture, Dehong Prefecture and Nujiang Prefecture, so as to strengthen the medical and health services and disease prevention and control capabilities in border areas and provide health protection for the construction of a radiation center for South Asia and Southeast Asia.

Section 2 Allocation of Bed Resources

I. Structural configuration

By 2020, the total number of beds in medical and health institutions in the province will be controlled at about 295,000, the number of beds in medical and health institutions per 1,000 permanent residents will be controlled at 6.0, and the number of beds in public hospitals will be controlled at 3.25, including 1.94 hospitals run by counties, 0.88 hospitals run by cities and 0.33 hospitals run by provinces. There are 0.10 other public hospitals, 1.5 social hospitals and 1.25 primary medical and health institutions organized by state-owned and collective enterprises and institutions. The number of beds in Chinese medicine hospitals can be configured according to 0.55 beds per thousand permanent residents. Public specialized hospitals can be set up according to the proportion of 15% beds in public hospitals. If the number of beds in public hospitals per thousand permanent residents exceeds 3.25, in principle, the scale of public hospitals will no longer be expanded, and areas with conditions will be encouraged to optimize and adjust the excessive stock resources of public hospitals. The government has increased investment in areas and fields where medical and health service resources are short and social capital investment is insufficient to meet the basic medical and health service needs of the people. According to the basic tasks and functions undertaken, reasonably determine the size of beds in primary medical and health institutions, focusing on improving the quality of beds, improving the efficiency of use, and focusing on strengthening the combination of medical care, nursing and rehabilitation beds.

Second, the regional configuration

Considering the social economy, geographical location, service population, existing bed resources, bed utilization and other factors of each state and city, the bed allocation standards of each state and city are formulated according to the strategy of "controlling development, moderately developing and accelerating development" (see Table 3 for details).

Third, the monomer scale

Strictly control the bed size of public hospitals (single practice point). The number of beds in county-run comprehensive hospitals is generally about 500, and the number of beds in counties with a population of more than 500,000 can be appropriately increased. In principle, the number of beds in counties with a population of more than 1 million does not exceed 1,000; The number of beds in state-run general hospitals is generally about 800, and cities with a population of more than 3 million can be appropriately increased, in principle, not more than 1200; The number of beds in provincial and above general hospitals is generally about 1000, and in principle it is not more than 1500. General hospitals with more than 1,500 beds before 2015 shall not add any more beds. The size of beds in specialized hospitals is reasonably set according to actual needs.

Section III Allocation of Health Human Resources

The allocation of health human resources is adapted to the people’s health service demand, institutional function orientation and bed allocation. The distribution of medical and health talents in urban and rural areas and regions tends to be reasonable, and all kinds of talent teams develop in a coordinated manner. Strengthen the standardized training of general practitioners and residents, improve the coordination mechanism of medical education, and gradually establish and improve the general practitioner system. Promote the rational flow of medical personnel, optimize their allocation in the flow and give full play to their functions. Strengthen the construction of special capacity of public health personnel.

First, the configuration of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses

Considering the social economy, geographical location, service population, existing human resources, medical and health service demand and other factors of each state and city, according to the strategy of "controlling development, moderately developing and accelerating development", the allocation standards of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses in each state and city are formulated.

By 2020, the number of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses per thousand permanent residents in the province will reach 2.5 and 3.14 respectively, with a total of about 123,000 and 154,000 respectively (see Table 4 for the allocation guidelines). States and cities can make appropriate adjustments according to the changes of population, economic development level and medical service needs and demands in the region.

Second, the hospital staffing

Hospital staff should focus on the allocation of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses, and allocate the number of licensed (assistant) doctors and registered nurses on the basis of residents’ health service demand and doctors’ standard workload, combined with factors such as serving population, economic situation and natural conditions. The doctor-nurse ratio is 1: 1.25, and the bed-nurse ratio of state-run and above hospitals is not less than 1: 0.6. Medical and health institutions undertaking clinical teaching, teaching practice, supporting grassroots units, foreign aid medical care, emergency rescue, medical research and other tasks may appropriately increase staffing. Hospitals that do not meet the standard of bed-to-nurse ratio are not allowed to expand the size of beds in principle.

Three, the basic medical and health institutions staffing

By 2020, the number of primary health workers per thousand permanent residents will reach more than 3.5; The number of rural doctors per thousand service population is not less than 1, and the number of administrative villages with scattered residence can be appropriately increased; Every village clinic has at least one village doctor practicing. Village clinics equipped with more than two village doctors should have one female village doctor, and at least one village doctor who can attend the Western Conference. There are 2 general practitioners per 10,000 permanent residents, and each township health center has 2 general practitioners. The general practitioner system has been initially established, and a unified and standardized general practitioner training model and a service model of "first diagnosis at the grassroots level" have basically been formed. General practitioners and urban and rural residents have basically established a relatively stable contract service relationship, which basically meets the basic medical and health service needs of the people.

Fourth, the staffing of professional public health institutions

By 2020, the number of public health personnel per thousand permanent residents will reach 0.83, and all kinds of public health personnel at all levels will meet the needs of work. In principle, the staff of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention shall be approved according to the proportion of resident population of 1.75/ 10,000, and the number of infectious diseases in high-incidence areas and remote areas may be appropriately increased. Among them, the proportion of professional and technical personnel in the total establishment shall not be less than 85%, and the proportion of health technical personnel shall not be less than 70%. Maternal and child health care and family planning institutions should be reasonably staffed according to the local service population, social needs, traffic conditions, regional health and family planning development plans and the functions and tasks undertaken. The proportion of health technicians in maternal and child health care and family planning service institutions shall not be less than 80% of the total number. Professional mental health institutions shall allocate public health personnel according to the population in the region and the mental health prevention and control tasks undertaken. Blood collection and supply institutions shall allocate health technical personnel according to the annual business volume of blood collection and supply. Emergency centers, health and family planning comprehensive supervision and law enforcement agencies should be staffed according to the service population and annual business volume.

Section IV Information Resource Allocation

To guide the construction of population health informatization in the whole province with the national health insurance informatization project, and effectively improve the application level of population health informatization business; With information benefiting the people as the goal and business and management requirements as the guidance, a practical, shared and safe population health information service network will be built in an all-round way. Accelerate the construction of population health information platforms at the provincial, city and county levels, integrate and improve six business application systems, including public health, family planning, medical services, medical security, drug management and comprehensive management, and connect three databases, namely, population information, electronic medical records and electronic health records of residents, build a big data center for population health in the whole province, and popularize the application of residents’ health cards. Study and formulate the standard system of population health information in our province and implement the safety guarantee system.

By 2020, an interconnected population health information service system in the whole province will be initially established, so as to realize the integration of all-in-one coverage of health and family planning, all-in-one health card for residents and government social resources, and establish a national health security information service mechanism with full population coverage, whole life process, equal emphasis on Chinese and Western medicine, and all-weather work; Strengthen the application of medical and health big data analysis based on residents’ electronic health records throughout their life cycle; Promote health and family planning business collaboration, information sharing and scientific decision-making.

Section 5 Allocation of Other Resources

I. Configuration of large-scale equipment

According to the functional orientation, medical technology level, subject development and people’s health needs, strengthen the allocation planning of large medical equipment. Adhere to resource sharing and ladder configuration, guide medical institutions to rationally allocate appropriate equipment, gradually improve the allocation level of domestic medical equipment, and reduce medical costs. Strictly control the unconventional and debt-borrowing equipment of public hospitals. Moderately relax the allocation conditions of social medical institutions, do not take the level of social medical institutions and the size of beds as the necessary preconditions for determining the allocation of large-scale equipment, focus on assessing the qualifications and technical service capabilities of institutional personnel, and reserve a certain allocation quota for large-scale equipment of social medical institutions. In order to control the unreasonable increase of medical expenses caused by large-scale medical equipment and ensure the safety of large-scale medical equipment, medical insurance reimbursement support and price charging license support are not allowed for large-scale medical equipment that has not been allowed. Support the development of professional medical inspection institutions and imaging institutions, and gradually establish a mechanism for sharing, sharing and co-management of large medical equipment. Encourage the establishment of regional medical imaging centers in central Yunnan, southeastern Yunnan, southwestern Yunnan and other areas with conditions, promote the establishment of a service model of "inspection by primary medical and health institutions and hospital diagnosis", and improve the service capacity of primary medical imaging inspection and inspection. According to the unified and standardized standard system, the inspection of medical institutions above the second level is open to all medical institutions, and the promotion is conditional.In the area to carry out centralized inspection and mutual recognition of inspection results. Large-scale medical equipment shall be classified and managed according to the items, and the specific configuration plan shall be formulated separately. Strictly implement the relevant provisions on the purchase and use of second-hand large-scale medical equipment by medical institutions. It is strictly forbidden to use the models that have been eliminated by the state.

Second, the technical configuration

According to the demand of medical and health services, the functional orientation of medical and health institutions, disease spectrum, difficult and critical diseases, etc., the medical and health technology is rationally allocated. The establishment of medical technology clinical application evaluation management system, the clinical application of medical technology for the record management. Focusing on common diseases and health problems, we will strengthen the research and development, popularization and application of appropriate medical technologies, and strengthen the popularization and application of traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) technology. Build 50 provincial clinical key disciplines and 20 Chinese medicine key disciplines, form superior disciplines with Yunnan characteristics, and promote the overall level of disease diagnosis and treatment and the comprehensive competitiveness of hospitals. We will implement 300 provincial-level key clinical specialty construction projects and 200 provincial-level key clinical specialty cultivation projects, and build a number of key clinical specialty groups with radiation and demonstration functions to solve the problems of diagnosis and treatment of difficult, critical and specialized diseases for the masses. Strive to build 1-3 national regional medical diagnosis and treatment centers by 2020, and 40 specialties will meet the national standards of key clinical specialties, and the ability to treat difficult and critical diseases will be significantly improved. Strengthen the system construction of county-level medical institutions and the capacity building with talents and technology as the core, realize the rule of law, standardization, refinement and informatization of hospital management, and achieve the basic requirements of the state for comprehensive medical services. Each township health center and community health service center should build at least one clinical key department to achieve the goal of "common diseases do not leave the countryside and serious diseases basically do not leave the county". Strengthen the allocation of pre-hospital emergency transport equipment and the construction of pre-hospital emergency capacity in ethnic minority areas and remote areas.

Third, the allocation of funds

Strengthen the government’s investment responsibility for basic, grass-roots and basic medical and health resources, safeguard the public welfare of public medical and health services, and effectively ensure the funds for public health services and primary health services. The newly increased medical and health investment should focus on public health, primary health care, traditional Chinese medicine (ethnic medicine) and other key areas. Reform the way of financial subsidies and establish a mechanism linking financial subsidies with performance appraisal results. Provincial, state and municipal finance will give preferential support to areas and regional medical and health centers where medical and health services are lagging behind, and increase support for health services in poverty-stricken areas.

Chapter V Safeguard Measures

Section 1 Strengthening organizational leadership

First, strengthen leadership

The planning of medical and health service system is an important means for the government to carry out macro-control on health undertakings. It is necessary to strengthen the leadership of regional health planning, put regional health planning on the important agenda, include it in the government’s work objectives and assessment objectives, and establish an accountability system. Governments at all levels should make overall consideration of the development needs of medical and health institutions in the overall land use planning and urban and rural planning, rationally arrange land supply, and give priority to ensuring the land for non-profit medical institutions.

Second, rationally divide the responsibilities of governments at all levels

The people’s governments of prefectures and cities are responsible for studying and compiling the regional health planning and the establishment planning of medical institutions, and organizing their implementation. It is necessary to focus on the planning of hospitals and professional public health institutions at the prefecture level and below, refine the bed allocation standards to counties, and make overall plans for the establishment of various medical and health institutions at all levels in the city according to the principle of territoriality. The county-level government shall be responsible for the establishment of county-run hospitals, professional public health institutions and primary medical and health institutions in the region in accordance with the requirements of the regional health planning and medical institution establishment planning of the city where it is located.

Third, clarify the responsibilities of relevant departments

Departments of health and family planning, development and reform, finance, urban and rural planning, human resources and social security, institutional establishment and Chinese medicine management should conscientiously perform their duties and promote regional health planning in a coordinated manner. In terms of health and family planning, formulate regional health planning and medical institution setting planning and make dynamic adjustments in a timely manner; In terms of development and reform, we will carry out capital construction management for new reconstruction and expansion projects according to the plan, and actively strive for central construction funds in accordance with capital construction procedures; In terms of price, promote the reform of medical service price; In terms of finance, it is necessary to implement relevant funds in accordance with the government’s health investment policy, and pay attention to the principle of paying equal attention to both Chinese and western medicine; In terms of urban and rural planning and management, construction land should be approved in accordance with the urban and rural planning approved according to law; In terms of institutional establishment, it is necessary to coordinate the establishment of public medical and health institutions according to relevant regulations and standards; In terms of social security, we should speed up the reform of medical insurance payment system; Other relevant departments should carry out their duties and do a good job in relevant work.

Section 2 Innovating System and Mechanism

Deepen the reform of medical and health system and create favorable conditions for the implementation of medical and health service system planning. The main content of this plan is the allocation of medical and health resources. The overall deployment of deepening medical reform during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period will be arranged by the medical and health system reform plan. In the process of implementation, it is necessary to make a good connection with relevant plans. It is necessary to establish and improve the government’s health input mechanism and clarify the leading position of the government in providing public health and basic medical services. Effectively implement the investment policy for public and social non-profit medical and health institutions. Reasonably divide the responsibility of governments at all levels for medical and health investment. Deepen the comprehensive reform of primary medical and health institutions, improve the operational mechanism of networked urban and rural primary medical and health services, and improve service quality and efficiency; Accelerate the reform of public hospitals, establish a reasonable compensation mechanism, a scientific performance evaluation mechanism and a personnel compensation system that adapts to the characteristics of the industry, and promote the separation of management and administration, politics and medicine. Scientifically establish a dynamic adjustment system for performance pay in professional public health institutions, and allow grassroots public health institutions to extract a certain proportion from the balance of income and expenditure as an incentive performance pay increment, which will be included in the overall management of performance pay. Accelerate the development of serious illness insurance and commercial health insurance for urban and rural residents, and establish and improve a multi-level medical security system with basic medical insurance as the main body. Reform the medical insurance payment method and establish a more reasonable medical insurance payment mechanism. Strengthen the supervision of the whole medical and health industry. We will implement various forms of medical practice insurance such as medical liability insurance and medical accident insurance, and accelerate the development of third-party mediation mechanisms such as people’s mediation of medical disputes.Improve the medical dispute handling mechanism.

Section III Intensifying the Adjustment of Resources

According to the principle of "strictly planning increment and scientifically adjusting stock", the number and layout of public hospitals in the region are reasonably determined, and various measures are taken to promote the layout and structural optimization of public hospitals. Reasonably control the bed size, construction standards and large-scale equipment configuration of public hospitals, and prohibit borrowing for construction and equipment. For weak areas such as new urban areas, suburbs and satellite urban areas, the government should build public medical and health institutions in a planned and step-by-step manner to meet the basic medical and health needs of the people. Focus on strengthening the construction of service capacity in weak areas such as traditional Chinese medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, maternal and child health care, family planning, mental health, infectious diseases, elderly care, oral cavity and rehabilitation. Give priority to supporting the development of concentrated contiguous destitute areas, populous counties and areas lacking medical resources, and guide the flow of urban high-quality medical and health resources to grassroots and rural areas. Priority should be given to strengthening the service capacity of county-run hospitals and improving the medical capacity and level in the county. By 2020, 90% of county-run hospitals and county-run Chinese medicine hospitals will meet the basic standards for comprehensive capacity building of county hospitals and county Chinese medicine hospitals respectively, and the rate of medical treatment in the county will increase to 90%. Support the standardization of village clinics, township hospitals and community health service institutions, and build a "15-minute health service circle in dam area" and a "30-minute health service circle in mountain area". We will increase support for the development of medical and health service system and the targeted training of talents in ethnic minority areas, border areas and concentrated contiguous destitute areas. Newly built residential areas and communities shall ensure basic medical and health facilities in accordance with relevant regulations. In areas with surplus resources of public hospitals, it is necessary to optimize the structure and layout and proceed from reality.According to the needs, some public hospitals will be actively and steadily transformed into rehabilitation, elderly care and other continuing medical institutions or community health service institutions. For public hospitals that exceed the scale standard, comprehensive measures should be taken to gradually compress beds.

Section IV Strengthening the Training and Use of Talents

Carry out the basic talent training plan, strengthen the coordinated development of medical education, establish a supply-demand balance mechanism between medical talent training and talent demand in health and family planning industry, accelerate the construction of a clinical medical talent training system with "5+3" as the main body and "3+2" as the supplement, continue to carry out the free training of rural order-oriented medical students, and explore the "5+3+X" specialist training model. We will fully implement standardized training for residents and assistant general practitioners, and carry out pilot projects for standardized training system for specialists. Further promote continuing medical education. By 2020, a standardized and standardized clinical medical personnel training system with Yunnan characteristics will be basically established, which is organically connected with college education, post-graduation education and continuing education.

Carry out the training plan for 10,000 doctors and speed up the construction of practicing (assistant) doctors. Strengthen the construction of grassroots medical and health teams focusing on general practitioners, improve the on-the-job training system, and encourage rural doctors to participate in academic education. Strengthen the training of nursing, pediatrics, psychiatry and other urgently needed professionals. Taking the training project of "Yunling famous doctor", high-level talents and "provincial famous Chinese medicine practitioners" as the starting point, the selection and training of "Yunling famous doctor" and high-level talents will be carried out in a planned way in the whole province every year, and the introduction plan of high-level talents will be carried out to promote and lead the development of high-level talents in various fields of health and family planning, such as public health, medical care and health management, and to expand the ranks of high-level talents and improve their level. Improve the policy environment for the development of medical and health talents, and improve the systems and mechanisms for the evaluation, selection, mobility, incentive and guarantee of medical and health talents. Strengthen the government’s policy guidance on the flow of medical and health talents, formulate and implement the policy of "keeping people at the grassroots level", promote the flow of medical and health talents to the grassroots level, study and implement the special post plan for general practitioners and county-run hospitals in grassroots medical and health institutions, create good career development conditions, and encourage and attract medical personnel to work at the grassroots level. Improve the employment mechanism of public institutions with the employment system and post management system as the main content, improve the post setting management, ensure that the professional and technical posts are not less than 80% in principle, and implement open recruitment and competitive recruitment for posts. Improve the scientific and socialized evaluation mechanism based on job responsibilities, oriented by morality, ability and performance, and in line with the characteristics of health talents.Improve the evaluation system of professional and technical titles of health and family planning personnel, and promote the growth and development of talents and rational flow. We will deepen the reform of the income distribution system, establish an assessment and incentive mechanism centered on service quality, service quantity and satisfaction of clients, based on job responsibilities and performance, adhere to the principle of getting more for more work and excellent performance, and give priority to key positions, business backbones and medical and health personnel with outstanding achievements. Establish an investment mechanism for the construction of health talent team with government investment as the main input, supplemented by employers and social assistance, give priority to ensuring investment in talent development, and provide necessary financial guarantee for the development of medical and health talents. Innovating the organization of public hospitalsSystem management, reasonably check the total establishment of public hospitals, and make dynamic adjustments, gradually implement the establishment and filing system, and explore various forms of employment mechanisms and government procurement services.

Section 5 Strengthening Supervision and Evaluation

First, standardize the planning process

States and cities in the preparation of medical and health resources allocation standards and regional health planning, according to the health needs of the masses, to set a reasonable allocation of various medical and health resources. Do a good job in connecting with this plan, local economic and social development planning, urban and rural planning, overall land use planning, etc., reasonably control the standard of total resources and the single scale of public hospitals, and make appropriate adjustments to the proportion of beds in different levels and types of institutions according to actual needs on the basis of strengthening the grassroots. The drafting of regional health planning in each state and city shall be approved by the provincial health and family planning administrative department and then submitted to the people’s government of Honshu for approval to ensure the suitability, feasibility and authority of the planning. The cycle of regional health planning is generally 5 years.

Second, strict planning and implementation

Timely release information such as institutional setup and planning layout adjustment, and encourage qualified areas to determine the host or operation subject by means of bidding. Incorporating planning as a prerequisite for the establishment of construction projects. All new medical and health resources, especially the establishment, reconstruction and expansion of public hospitals, the expansion of hospital beds and the purchase of large-scale medical equipment, must be strictly managed in accordance with the requirements and procedures of regional health planning, regardless of the funding channels. Establish a grading filing and publicity system for the size of beds in public hospitals. In public hospitals with more than 1,500 beds, the increase in beds must be reported to the National Health and Family Planning Commission for the record (Chinese medicine hospitals should also be reported to state administration of traditional chinese medicine for the record); In public hospitals with more than 1,000 beds, the increase of beds shall be reported to the Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission for the record. For public hospitals that seriously exceed the prescribed number of beds, carry out project construction without approval, expand the construction scale and improve the construction standards without authorization, informed criticism should be carried out, and the allocation of large medical equipment, grade evaluation and financial arrangements should be suspended.

Third, establish a supervision and evaluation mechanism for the implementation of the plan

The people’s governments of prefectures and cities should strengthen the supervision and evaluation of planning implementation, establish a supervision and evaluation mechanism of regional health planning and resource allocation, set up a special evaluation working group, organize the evaluation of the implementation progress and effect of regional health planning, find out the problems existing in the implementation in time, and study and solve countermeasures. In the process of evaluation, public appraisal and fair competition should be carried out, and legal, economic and administrative means should be used to standardize, manage and ensure the effective implementation of regional health planning.

Attachment: Division of Key Tasks of Provincial Departments

　　Cuba’s citizens are well known for free medical care, and the medical institutions in this Caribbean island country have also developed some new special medicine treatments, which have enabled many patients to find here from Wan Li, not far from all over the world. Treating intractable diseases has become another feature of Cuban medical care.

　　[Special medicine for auxiliary treatment of lung cancer]

　　CIMAvax-EGF, an adjuvant drug for lung cancer, is a unique drug developed by Cuban Center for Molecular Immunology and registered in 2008. It can strengthen the human immune system and give chemotherapy time to respond, thus improving the treatment effect of lung cancer.

　　Eduardo Osito, deputy director of the Cuban Center for Molecular Immunology, said that the research and development of CIMAvax-EGF exhausted the efforts of the first generation of scientists in the center. It is mainly composed of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and another protein P64K. Cuban medical personnel realize that EGF molecules play a very important role in the process of tumor evolution. "CIMAvax-EGF does not directly kill cells, but it can make them hungry by preventing EGF from attaching to the cell’s self-sensor," Osito said. "This correlation is the key to prevent cell growth and proliferation."

　　Unlike many other cancer therapies that have serious side effects, patients who use CIMAvax-EGF have a good tolerance to drugs. According to Osito, 30% of patients treated with this drug have significantly improved their quality of life.

　　In view of the current treatment situation of the drug, scientists believe that it is likely to have potential curative effect on cancer cells such as head and neck cancer and colon cancer that depend on EGF growth.

　　Cuba’s national medical system used this special medicine for the first time in 2012, and thousands of patients have benefited so far. At present, four countries use this medicine.

　　In January this year, Roseveare Park Cancer Institute cooperated with Cuba, and the drug began clinical trials in the United States, and it is planned to be approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the American market.

　　[Gold Award-winning Diabetes Drugs]

　　Heberprot-P is a new special medicine introduced by Cuba in 2006 for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Its appearance has saved a large number of patients from amputation.

　　The medicine is a unique product developed by Jorge Bellanga, a Cuban scientist, and the team of the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. It contains the active pharmaceutical ingredient of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and works by direct infiltration or injection into the injured area.

　　Dr. Manuel Raisez, a member of the research team of the Center, said: "With each injection, amino acids and protein compounds can differentiate cells, and healthy and energetic tissues begin to be injected into the ulcer site. After an average of about three months, the wound is completely healed."

　　In 2007, Cuba built a clinic specializing in treating diabetic foot ulcers, but the demand far exceeded expectations. The Cuban Ministry of Health decided to start a national treatment project, and there are 458 specialized clinics at present.

　　Laissez said: "This makes our current diabetes amputation rate in the world the lowest, only 3.8%." He said that there are nearly 1 million diabetic patients in Cuba, and there are about 35,000 cases of diabetic foot ulcers every year. In 2016, only 480 cases were actually amputated.

　　Laissez and scientists from the Center have given lectures on the drug and its use in more than 20 countries, including Russia, Kuwait, Algeria, Argentina, Ecuador and Venezuela. At present, Heberprot-P has been registered in 23 countries and has been effectively used in 10 countries.

　　The implementation of this project in Cuba has been internationally recognized. It was launched to the international market 10 years ago and won the gold medal of intellectual property rights awarded by the World Health Organization.

　　[biopharmaceuticals become Cuban characteristics]

　　The research and development of new special drugs reflects the achievements of Cuba in developing medical biotechnology industry for many years. Dengue fever in the early 1980s prompted Cuba to develop Interferon；, which can stop potential viruses. In 1990, the hepatitis B recombination vaccines was developed, which almost eliminated hepatitis B in Cuba. A single dose vaccine called Heberpenta can protect against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, hepatitis B and influenza B.

　　Other famous drugs developed in Cuba include Pentavalente for treating virus infection, Estreptokinasa for treating heart disease, PPG for treating cholesterol disease, Nimotuzumab for treating head and neck cancer, Eritropoyetina Human Recombinants for chronic anemia and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (g-csf) in leukemia patients.

　　Cuba has also developed many botanical drugs. The Natural Medicine Center under the National Scientific Research Center of Cuba uses palm tree fruit extract to make drugs for treating benign prostatic hypertrophy; Extracted from local wild plants in Cuba and made into drugs for autoimmune diseases; Abexol；, an antioxidant drug with anti-aging effect made from purified beeswax extract; Calcium supplement Suplecal；; Prevenox； for treating osteoporosis; PPG for controlling cholesterol level made from sugarcane extract, etc.

　　[Special medicine breeds medical tourism]

　　In the 1990s, in order to reverse the huge impact on Cuba’s economy after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the Cuban government made great efforts to develop the tourism industry in order to obtain the foreign exchange badly needed by the country. With Cuba’s opening up to foreign tourists, tourists found that Cuba had a high success rate in treating many diseases, some of which were even better than their own countries, and medical tourism came into being.

　　Established in 1987, Cuban Medical Service Agency (SMC) mainly provides medical services for foreigners. Dr. Ianna Alvarez, director of the agency’s sales department, told reporters that SMC has signed agreements or established strategic partnerships with about 41 countries, that is to say, SMC has cooperative relations with some institutions, medical insurance companies, service export units or clinics that transport patients to Cuba for treatment.

　　Patients who come to Cuba for treatment through SMC come from all over the world, including Canada, Europe, the United States, Central America and South America. The needs of patients in Cuba are different. Many Canadian patients come to Cuba for cosmetic or plastic surgery, such as lumbar replacement, hip replacement, knee prosthesis and other treatments. Such operations need to wait for a long time in many countries; Central and South American patients come to receive nervous system treatment; Europeans mainly come to perform various eye operations and treat psoriasis, lung cancer or foot ulcers with drugs developed by Cuba …

　　Because patients come to Cuba for treatment through different channels, SMC does not have complete data, but one thing is certain, that is, the demand of international patients is increasing every year, so Cuban health authorities begin to open new foreign-related institutions and facilities in large hospitals.

　　According to Alvarez, China and Cuba have established cooperation in medical services. She said: "Because China and Cuba are far apart, it is difficult to launch a comprehensive plan for Chinese to be treated in Cuba. However, once patients have accurate information about treatment, I believe they will have high satisfaction. "

　　Alvarez said that Cuban medical services will send professionals to China to promote health care projects in the future, so that more Chinese can understand and benefit from Cuban medical services. (Ma Guihua) (special feature of Xinhua News Agency)

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the National Development and Reform Commission, today, the National Development and Reform Commission released the August Analysis Report of 12358 Price Supervision Platform, and exposed eight typical cases of price violations.　

　　1. The case of illegal collection of cruise fees in Yangxin Xiandao Lake Scenic Area, Huangshi City, Hubei Province

　　A citizen of Huangshi City reported that when he was traveling in the scenic spot of Xiandao Lake in Yangxin, he found that there was a problem of overcharging the cruise ship fees in the scenic spot and asked to investigate and deal with it. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower is true. The cruise fee in this scenic spot is not charged according to the 40 yuan/person-time (original price of 25 yuan/person-time) standard as stipulated in the Reply of Huangshi Price Bureau on Ticket Price and Cruise (Boat) Ticket Price of Xiandao Lake Eco-tourism Scenic Spot in Yangxin County (No.76 [2013]). Yangxin County Price Supervision and Inspection Bureau ordered the scenic spot to immediately correct price violations and imposed an administrative penalty of 50,000 yuan.

　　II. Case of illegal collection of appraisal fees by Shengtang Judicial Appraisal Institute in Chaoyang District, Beijing

　　A citizen of Beijing reported that when he conducted the inheritance appraisal in Shengtang Appraisal Institute, there was illegal charging behavior in the institute and he asked to investigate and deal with it. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower is true. On the basis of the charging standard of the Administrative Measures for Judicial Appraisal Charges by Beijing Shengtang Judicial Appraisal Institute, 50% of the part of the target amount exceeding 100,000 yuan to 500,000 yuan will be charged, and the overcharge will total 1,187 yuan. The Development and Reform Commission of Chaoyang District of Beijing inspected the past charging records of the firm and found that this kind of illegal charging behavior was widespread in the firm. According to Article 39 of the Price Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), Article 9 (1) and Article 16 (2) of the Provisions on Administrative Punishment for Price Violations, the unit was ordered to immediately correct the price violations and confiscate the illegal income of 113,000 yuan. An administrative penalty of a fine of 113,000 yuan.

　　3. The case of illegal collection of school uniform fees by Hadadao Primary School in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

　　A citizen of Baotou reported that his children were charged 300 yuan school uniform fees when they were studying at Hadadao Primary School, and asked to be investigated. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower was true. The school charged more than 1,200 students uniform fees, each set of 300 yuan. According to the Regulations of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on the Management of Service Charges and Agency Charges for Primary and Secondary Schools (for Trial Implementation) (No.2577 [2012]), each set of primary school students’ summer clothes should not exceed 80 yuan (the cotton content in their tops should not be less than 40%), and each set of spring and autumn clothes should not exceed 105 yuan (the reflective school uniforms should not exceed 115 yuan). Baotou City Price Supervision and Inspection Bureau ordered the school to coordinate with the school uniform business unit, and unconditionally refunded all those parents who thought that the school uniforms they had ordered were too high and overburdened, and imposed an administrative penalty of 50,000 yuan.

　　Four, Nanyang City Public Security Bureau, Henan Province, the traffic police detachment Wandong driver test service center illegally charged insurance premiums.

　　A citizen of tanghe county, Nanyang City reported that when he participated in the mock test in Wandong Driver Test Service Center, the traffic police detachment of Nanyang Public Security Bureau, he forcibly charged the insurance premium 20 yuan to the students and demanded investigation. After investigation, the problem reflected by the informant is true, and the center does have price violations that force the collection of insurance premiums. This behavior violated the relevant provisions of the Notice on Further Standardizing the Charge Standards of Public Security Traffic Management in our Province (Yufa Reform Charge [2008] No.2416), and Nanyang Price Management Office has ordered the unit to stop charging illegally and impose an administrative penalty of 20,000 yuan.

　　Five, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, Yunxi County Jiahe Town Center Health Center illegal charges.

　　A citizen of Yunxi County, Shiyan City reported that the Jiahe Town Central Health Center in this county had arbitrary charges when providing ambulance service, and demanded to investigate and deal with them. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower was true. In 2016, the hospital illegally charged 28 patients with 3,820 yuan of refueling fee, car wash fee and high-speed fee. In addition, during the inspection, it was also found that there were illegal acts such as repeatedly charging materials fees and waste disposal fees for medical services, and increasing bed fees in disguise. According to the relevant provisions of the Notice of Shiyan Municipal Price Bureau and Health Bureau on Implementing Opinions on Regulating and Adjusting the Price of Medical Services (No.33 [2006] of Ten Price Fees), the Yunxi County Price Bureau ordered the hospital to immediately correct the illegal price behavior and impose an administrative penalty of confiscating 24,000 yuan of illegal income.

　　Six, Yingshang County, Anhui Province Saijian Waterworks illegal charges.

　　A citizen of Yingshang County, Fuyang City reported that the water supply company in Jiangtai Village, Saijian Hui Township of the county charged the local villagers high water charges and tap water household fees, demanding investigation. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower is true. From February 2, 2015 to May 12, 2016, the factory charged 558 water users a water supply service fee of 39,360 yuan according to the annual 60 yuan standard of each household; The installation fee for 68 water users is 19,200 yuan, and the total fee for two items is 58,560 yuan. The relevant acts violated the relevant provisions of the Notice of Anhui Provincial Price Bureau on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on the Management of Rural Tap Water Price (Wan Jia Shang [2011] No.66), and Yingshang County Price Bureau ordered the factory to immediately correct the illegal price behavior, and imposed an administrative penalty of confiscation of illegal income of 58,500 yuan and a fine of 58,500 yuan.

　　Seven, Yingkou Prison in Liaoning Province, illegal collection of admission certificate fees.

　　A citizen of Yingkou City, Liaoning Province reported that after he passed the civil service examination and was hired by Yingkou Prison in 2010, he was charged the 200 yuan academic degree certification fee by the organization department of the prison, and he did not provide relevant proof of the fee, asking for investigation. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower is true, and the related charging behavior belongs to illegal fee search. Since this behavior occurred before 2010, it has been six years since. According to Article 29 of the Administrative Punishment Law of the People’s Republic of China, "If the illegal act is not discovered within two years, no administrative punishment will be given", no administrative punishment should be imposed on the unit. After the Liaoning Provincial Price Bureau preached the policy and communicated with the unit, the unit voluntarily refunded the academic certification fee totaling 29,000 yuan.

　　Eight, Jiangxi Yucai Technical College illegally charged vocational skills appraisal fees.

　　A citizen of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province reported that when he was studying in Jiangxi Yucai Technical College, he was required to pay the professional skill appraisal fee of 550 yuan, otherwise he would not get the graduation certificate. After investigation, the problem reflected by the whistleblower was true. In June 2016, the school informed the class of 2013 to pay the fees related to vocational skill appraisal, 550 yuan. According to the Notice of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security on Doing a Good Job in Evaluating the Running Quality of Technical Colleges in Jiangxi Province (No.375 [2013] of Gan Renshe Zi) and the Reply of Jiangxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission and the Department of Finance on Standardizing and Adjusting the Charge Standard of Vocational Skills Appraisal in Jiangxi Province (No.2344 [2012] of Gan Fa Gai Charge Zi), this charge is beyond the standard. The Jiangxi Provincial Price Supervision and Inspection Bureau ordered the school to immediately correct the price violations and refund all the illegal overcharges totaling 76,000 yuan.

　　In July, Gamma Data released the "2019 China Game Industry Semi-annual Report" — — In the first half of the year, the growth rate of China Mobile’s e-sports revenue was far ahead of that of client-side e-sports games, accounting for more than 60%.

　　Earlier, the Leisure Game Market Opportunity Research Report of 2018-2019, also from gamma data, pointed out that mobile leisure game users accounted for 66.4% of the total mobile game users in the past year, but leisure games only accounted for 6.6% of the mobile game market & hellip; …

　　Thanks to the demographic dividend of China and the rapid development of mobile Internet, mobile e-sports has gradually become the main force in the field of e-sports, but mobile leisure games are still a low-lying area with huge room for growth, which seems to mean that "mobile e-sports+leisure" will become an opportunity in the development tide of e-sports and games in China.

　　In the e-sports market, female users surged.

　　In the 2019 Tatan Elite Challenge, which just ended in Qingdao, 12 teams fought for two days, attracting thousands of live audiences and over one million online audiences. It seems that the e-sports event created by a light casual game also has strong box office and market appeal.

　　In fact, the Tatan Cup has been born for four years, and the popularity of "Ball-Ball Battle" is behind it.

　　As a casual game produced by Giant Network, official data show that there are more than 500 million users, 10 million daily activities and 150 million monthly activities, and the gender ratio of players is close to 4 to 6 (35% women and 65% men); In terms of age, 40.08% of the players aged 18 to 24, and 33.07% of the users aged 13 to 17 & hellip; …

　　The rise of "Ball Fight" has indeed caught up with the fast lane of China mobile e-sports development — — It was launched in mid-2015, which is earlier than many popular mobile games, but the precise positioning is probably more worthy of attention.

　　In the e-sports game market, especially on the mobile side, the scale of female users has surged.

　　Public data shows that from 2013 to 2018, the number of female players has increased from less than 80 million to 290 million.In the past, there were high barriers to heavy games, which made light games that focused on "leisure" just needed by the market. Its "popularization", such as relatively simple rules and operation, was not only more suitable for covering young people of all ages, but also met the needs of the rapidly growing group of female players.

　　In fact, not only female players, but also professional players in Tatan Classic, which is a difficult scene to see in other e-sports events.

　　Leisure+animation, the future industrial direction

　　Of course, there is still a long way to go from a popular game to a traditional e-sports event.

　　On the one hand, it benefits from the high stickiness of mobile e-sports users. According to the survey, the proportion of mobile e-sports users playing games every day is as high as 43.1%, and the proportion of playing games every week is also 25.3%, among which the proportion who are willing to watch events online is as high as 67.2%.

　　In addition, industry insiders also analyzed that while the competition of heavy game e-sports is intensifying, leisure e-sports built around light games is expected to become a "single product" in the market. Since 2016, Giant Network has successively launched a series of subdivided events such as BPL Professional League, Tatan Cup Elite Challenge, CEST Campus Challenge and BUC City Challenge, and deeply cultivated leisure e-sports.

　　It is worth mentioning that while maintaining the attributes of the game, leisure e-sports emphasizes the social functions in e-sports games.

　　According to statistics, "Ball Battle" creates a community online through team battles, seasons, leaderboards and other settings. On average, each player has 15+ friends, and the platform generates more than 12 million private messages every day, with a cumulative upload of more than 100 million selfies.

　　In terms of offline events, the Tatan Cup is closer to the carnival, with diverse scenes such as band performances, players meeting, audience interaction with the event presented together.

　　With the increasing social needs of young people, mobile e-sports has become a social product to some extent. According to the 2018 China Leisure Mobile Game Industry Report released by iResearch, 82% of leisure mobile game users said that they need to meet social needs in the game.

　　Producer Wu Meng has also said that social attributes will help game products to extend their life cycle. In fact, for leisure e-sports with weak antagonism, socialization is not only empowerment, but also its lifeline.

　　At present, giant network’s e-sports are actively seeking cross-border and circle-breaking. The previously launched "Journey" series has joined hands with the classic animation "Huluwa" to implant Huluwa elements in e-sports games. At present, the serial comics "Xingyun Brigade" and the virtual idol "Tatan" related to "Ball Fight" are also officially launched … …

　　Judging from the industry and market forecast, leisure, animation and massively multiplayer online e-sports and games still have considerable potential in the future.

　　The Paper reporter Chen Jun